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Class 11 Mathematics - Permutations and Combinations - Derivations of formulas and their connections Expert Quiz

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\(\sum_{r=0}^{n}{}^{n}C_r{}^{n-r}C_m\) का सही सरल रूप कौन-सा है?

What is the correct simplified form of \(\sum_{r=0}^{n}{}^{n}C_r{}^{n-r}C_m\)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(^{n}C_m2^{n-m}\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

पहले (m) विशेष सदस्यों को दूसरे भाग में रखिए और बाकी (n-m) सदस्यों को स्वतंत्र विकल्प दीजिए। परीक्षा में ऐसे sums में fixed marked set पहले चुनें। / First place the (m) special members in the second part and give free choices to the remaining (n-m) members. In exams choose the fixed marked set first in such sums.

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\(\sum_{r=0}^{n}{}^{n}C_r{}^{r}C_3\) को किस रूप में लिखा जाएगा?

In which form is \(\sum_{r=0}^{n}{}^{n}C_r{}^{r}C_3\) written?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. \(^{n}C_3 2^{n-3}\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

पहले (3) चिह्नित सदस्य चुनें और बाकी (n-3) सदस्य subset में आएं या न आएं। परीक्षा में अंदर वाले चयन को पहले गिनना तेज होता है। / Choose the (3) marked members first and let each of the remaining (n-3) members enter the subset or not. In exams count the inner selection first.

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\(\sum_{r=0}^{n}r{}^{n}C_r x^r\) किस derivative identity से जुड़ा है?

Which derivative identity is connected with \(\sum_{r=0}^{n}r{}^{n}C_r x^r\)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. (nx(1+x)^{n-1})

Explanation

Simple Explanation

((1+x)^n) को differentiate करके (x) से multiply करने पर यह sum मिलता है। परीक्षा में (r) factor दिखे तो derivative method सोचें। / Differentiate ((1+x)^n) and multiply by (x) to obtain this sum. In exams think of the derivative method when a factor (r) appears.

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(\sum_{r=0}^{n}r(r-1){}^{n}C_r x^r) का सही रूप कौन-सा है?

What is the correct form of (\sum_{r=0}^{n}r(r-1){}^{n}C_r x^r)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. (n(n-1)x-2(1+x)^{n-2})

Explanation

Simple Explanation

दो बार differentiation करने पर (r(r-1)) factor आता है और \(x^2\) से power restore होती है। परीक्षा में (r(r-1)) के लिए second derivative लगाएं। / Two differentiations produce the factor (r(r-1)), and \(x^2\) restores the power. In exams use the second derivative for (r(r-1)).

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\(\sum_{r=0}^{n}r^3{}^{n}C_r\) निकालने में कौन-सा decomposition सबसे उपयोगी है?

Which decomposition is most useful for evaluating \(\sum_{r=0}^{n}r^3{}^{n}C_r\)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. (r-3=r(r-1)(r-2)+3r(r-1)+r)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Powers को falling factorials में तोड़ने से standard binomial sums लगते हैं। परीक्षा में \(r^3\) को सीधे expand करने के बजाय falling form लिखें। / Breaking powers into falling factorials allows standard binomial sums. In exams write \(r^3\) in falling form instead of expanding directly.

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\({}^{n}C_r{}^{r}C_s={}^{n}C_s{}^{n-s}C_{r-s}\) का मुख्य कारण क्या है?

What is the main reason for \({}^{n}C_r{}^{r}C_s={}^{n}C_s{}^{n-s}C_{r-s}\)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. पहले बड़ा समूह चुनना या पहले marked (s)-समूह चुनना एक ही कार्य हैChoosing the large group first or choosing the marked (s)-group first is the same task

Explanation

Simple Explanation

दोनों तरफ (r)-समूह के भीतर (s) विशेष सदस्यों वाला same selection गिना जाता है। परीक्षा में nested selection को order बदलकर देखें। / Both sides count the same selection with (s) special members inside an (r)-group. In exams change the order of nested selection.

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\({}^{n}C_a{}^{n-a}C_b{}^{n-a-b}C_c\) किस factorial form में बदलेगा?

Into which factorial form does \({}^{n}C_a{}^{n-a}C_b{}^{n-a-b}C_c\) convert?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. (\frac{n!}{a!b!c!(n-a-b-c)!})

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Sequential selection में हर selected block का internal order हटता है। परीक्षा में कई labelled groups दिखें तो multinomial denominator बनाएं। / In sequential selection the internal order of each selected block is removed. In exams form a multinomial denominator when many labelled groups appear.

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यदि (12) distinct objects को (2,2,4,4) आकार के unlabelled groups में बांटना हो, तो extra division कौन-सी होगी?

If (12) distinct objects are divided into unlabelled groups of sizes (2,2,4,4), what is the extra division?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(2!\cdot2!\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

दो size (2) groups और दो size (4) groups की अदला-बदली duplicate देती है। परीक्षा में equal-size unlabelled groups के factorials से extra divide करें। / Interchanging the two size (2) groups and the two size (4) groups gives duplicates. In exams divide extra by factorials of equal-size unlabelled groups.

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(15) distinct objects को (5,5,5) के unlabelled groups में बांटने का formula कौन-सा है?

What is the formula for dividing (15) distinct objects into unlabelled groups of (5,5,5)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. (\frac{15!}{(5!)3 3!})

Explanation

Simple Explanation

तीनों groups same size और unlabelled हैं इसलिए group order (3!) भी हटता है। परीक्षा में equal unlabelled groups में extra (3!) याद रखें। / All three groups have the same size and are unlabelled, so group order (3!) is also removed. In exams remember the extra (3!) for equal unlabelled groups.

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कौन-सा formula (n) distinct objects को (r) labelled boxes में exactly (k) empty boxes के साथ distribute करता है?

Which formula distributes (n) distinct objects into (r) labelled boxes with exactly (k) empty boxes?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. (^{r}C_k\sum_{i=0}^{r-k}(-1)^i{}^{r-k}C_i(r-k-i)^n)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

पहले empty boxes चुनें, फिर बाकी boxes में onto distribution करें। परीक्षा में exactly empty boxes में selection plus inclusion-exclusion लगाएं। / First choose the empty boxes, then distribute onto the remaining boxes. In exams use selection plus inclusion-exclusion for exactly empty boxes.

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(n) distinct objects को (4) labelled boxes में onto भेजने की संख्या कौन-सी है?

What is the number of onto distributions of (n) distinct objects into (4) labelled boxes?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(4^n-4\cdot3^n+6\cdot2^n-4\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Empty boxes को inclusion-exclusion से घटाया और जोड़ा जाता है। परीक्षा में onto का मतलब हर labelled box non-empty समझें। / Empty boxes are subtracted and added by inclusion-exclusion. In exams interpret onto as every labelled box being non-empty.

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(n) distinct objects को (3) non-empty unlabelled groups में बांटने की संख्या किससे जुड़ती है?

The number of ways to divide (n) distinct objects into (3) non-empty unlabelled groups is connected with which form?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. (\frac{1}{3!}\left\(3^n-3\cdot2^n+3\right\))

Explanation

Simple Explanation

पहले (3) labelled non-empty groups गिनते हैं, फिर labels की (3!) अदला-बदली हटाते हैं। परीक्षा में unlabelled groups के लिए labelled count divide करें। / First count (3) labelled non-empty groups, then remove the (3!) label permutations. In exams divide the labelled count for unlabelled groups.

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\(x_1+x_2+x_3+x_4=30\) में \(x_1\geq2\), \(x_2\geq3\), \(x_3\geq4\), \(x_4\geq5\) हो, तो count क्या है?

In \(x_1+x_2+x_3+x_4=30\), if \(x_1\geq2\), \(x_2\geq3\), \(x_3\geq4\), \(x_4\geq5\), what is the count?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(^{19}C_3\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Minimum sum (14) हटाने पर (16) बचता है, इसलिए \({}^{16+4-1}C_{3}\) मिलता है। परीक्षा में unequal lower bounds पहले subtract करें। / After removing the minimum sum (14), (16) remains, so \({}^{16+4-1}C_{3}\) is obtained. In exams subtract unequal lower bounds first.

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\(x_1+x_2+x_3=24\) में \(0\leq x_i\leq8\) हो, तो valid count किस expression से मिलेगा?

If \(x_1+x_2+x_3=24\) and \(0\leq x_i\leq8\), which expression gives the valid count?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. (1)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

कुल (24) और तीन variables की maximum (8) होने से केवल ((8,8,8)) संभव है। परीक्षा में inclusion-exclusion से पहले extreme feasibility देखें। / Since the total is (24) and the maximum of each of the three variables is (8), only ((8,8,8)) is possible. In exams check extreme feasibility before inclusion-exclusion.

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\(x_1+x_2+x_3+x_4=17\) में \(0\leq x_i\leq5\) हो, तो valid count कौन-सा है?

If \(x_1+x_2+x_3+x_4=17\) and \(0\leq x_i\leq5\), what is the valid count?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(^{20}C_3-4{}^{14}C_3+6{}^{8}C_3-4{}^{2}C_3\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Violation \(x_i\geq6\) से शुरू होती है और inclusion-exclusion लागू होता है। परीक्षा में upper bound (5) हो तो shift (6) लें। / A violation starts at \(x_i\geq6\), so inclusion-exclusion applies. In exams use shift (6) for upper bound (5).

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\(x_1+x_2+x_3+x_4+x_5=12\) में exactly (3) variables positive हों, तो count क्या होगा?

In \(x_1+x_2+x_3+x_4+x_5=12\), if exactly (3) variables are positive, what is the count?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(^{5}C_3{}^{11}C_2\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

पहले (3) positive variables चुनें, फिर (12) को (3) positive parts में बांटें। परीक्षा में exactly positive variables में choose variables plus positive stars-bars करें। / Choose the (3) positive variables first, then split (12) into (3) positive parts. In exams use choose variables plus positive stars and bars for exactly positive variables.

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(20) identical balls को (5) boxes में बांटना है और exactly (2) boxes empty हों। सही count कौन-सी है?

(20) identical balls are distributed into (5) boxes and exactly (2) boxes are empty. Which count is correct?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(^{5}C_2{}^{19}C_2\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

पहले empty boxes चुनें, फिर बाकी (3) boxes में positive distribution करें। परीक्षा में exactly empty को boxes selection और positive distribution में तोड़ें। / First choose the empty boxes, then distribute positively into the remaining (3) boxes. In exams split exactly empty into box selection and positive distribution.

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\(D_n\) के लिए (D_n=nD_{n-1}+(-1)^n) किस formula से निकलता है?

From which formula does (D_n=nD_{n-1}+(-1)^n) arise for \(D_n\)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. Derangement inclusion-exclusion formula

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Derangement के alternating factorial expression को compare करने से यह recurrence मिलता है। परीक्षा में derangement recurrence के लिए inclusion-exclusion form याद रखें। / Comparing the alternating factorial expression for derangements gives this recurrence. In exams remember the inclusion-exclusion form for derangement recurrence.

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Exactly (2) fixed points वाले permutations of (7) objects की संख्या क्या है?

What is the number of permutations of (7) objects with exactly (2) fixed points?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(^{7}C_2D_5\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

पहले सही रहने वाले (2) objects चुनें और बाकी (5) objects derange करें। परीक्षा में exactly fixed points के लिए choose fixed plus derange rest लगाएं। / First choose the (2) objects that stay fixed and derange the remaining (5). In exams use choose fixed plus derange rest for exactly fixed points.

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(6) letters और (6) envelopes में कोई letter सही envelope में न जाए, तो count कौन-सी है?

For (6) letters and (6) envelopes, if no letter goes into its correct envelope, which count is correct?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(D_6=265\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

यह (6) objects का derangement है और \(D_6=265\) होता है। परीक्षा में letters-envelope mismatch को derangement समझें। / This is a derangement of (6) objects and \(D_6=265\). In exams treat letter-envelope mismatch as derangement.

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(n) distinct people को row में arrange करना है और (A) तथा (B) के बीच exactly (k) people हों। Count कौन-सी है?

(n) distinct people are arranged in a row and exactly (k) people are between (A) and (B). Which count is correct?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. (2(n-k-1)(n-2)!)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

(A,B) की positions distance (k+1) पर होती हैं और order के (2) choices हैं। परीक्षा में fixed gap problems में positions first count करें। / The positions of (A,B) are at distance (k+1), and there are (2) choices for order. In exams count positions first in fixed-gap problems.

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(10) people की line में (A) और (B) के बीच exactly (3) people हों, तो count क्या है?

In a line of (10) people, if exactly (3) people are between (A) and (B), what is the count?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(2\cdot6\cdot8!\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Positions के (10-3-1=6) choices और (A,B) order के (2) choices हैं। परीक्षा में between condition में position pairs गिनें। / There are (10-3-1=6) position choices and (2) choices for the order of (A,B). In exams count position pairs for between conditions.

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(9) distinct books को shelf पर रखना है और (3) specified books का relative order fixed हो। Count क्या है?

(9) distinct books are arranged on a shelf and the relative order of (3) specified books is fixed. What is the count?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(\frac{9!}{3!}\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

उन (3) books के (3!) relative orders में केवल (1) allowed है। परीक्षा में fixed relative order में total को (k!) से divide करें। / Only (1) of the (3!) relative orders of those (3) books is allowed. In exams divide total by (k!) for fixed relative order.

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(12) people की line में (A) before (B), (C) before (D), और (E) before (F) हो, तो count क्या होगा?

In a line of (12) people, if (A) is before (B), (C) is before (D), and (E) is before (F), what is the count?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(\frac{12!}{8}\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

तीन स्वतंत्र before-after restrictions count को \(2^3\) से divide करती हैं। परीक्षा में independent pairs पर (2) की power से divide करें। / Three independent before-after restrictions divide the count by \(2^3\). In exams divide by a power of (2) for independent pairs.

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(n) people की circular seating में (A) और (B) के बीच exactly (k) people one direction में हों, तो core counting idea क्या है?

In circular seating of (n) people, if exactly (k) people lie between (A) and (B) in one direction, what is the core counting idea?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. (A) को fix करके (B) की two possible circular positions देखेंFix (A) and check the two possible circular positions of (B)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Circular rotation हटाने के बाद fixed distance वाली positions गिनी जाती हैं। परीक्षा में circular distance में पहले one object fix करें। / After removing circular rotation, positions with fixed distance are counted. In exams fix one object first for circular distance.

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(8) people को round table पर बैठाना है और (A) तथा (B) adjacent न हों। Count कौन-सी है?

(8) people are seated around a round table and (A) and (B) are not adjacent. Which count is correct?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(7!-2\cdot6!\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Total circular arrangements (7!) हैं और adjacent block \(2\cdot6!\) ways में आता है। परीक्षा में circular not adjacent को complement से करें। / Total circular arrangements are (7!), and the adjacent block occurs in \(2\cdot6!\) ways. In exams handle circular not-adjacent by complement.

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(7) couples को round table पर बैठाना है और हर couple साथ रहे। Count क्या होगा?

(7) couples are seated around a round table and every couple stays together. What is the count?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(6!\cdot2^7\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

(7) couple-blocks की circular arrangement (6!) है और हर block में (2) internal orders हैं। परीक्षा में circular block count में blocks minus one factorial लें। / The circular arrangement of (7) couple-blocks is (6!), and each block has (2) internal orders. In exams use blocks minus one factorial for circular block count.

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(6) men और (6) women को round table पर alternate बैठाने की count क्या है?

What is the count for seating (6) men and (6) women alternately around a round table?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(5!\cdot6!\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

पहले men को circle में (5!) ways से बैठाएं, फिर (6) gaps में women को (6!) ways से रखें। परीक्षा में circular alternate में starting factor (2) न लगाएं। / Seat the men in a circle in (5!) ways, then place the women in the (6) gaps in (6!) ways. In exams do not add a starting factor (2) in circular alternation.

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(9) distinct beads को bracelet में arrange करने पर count क्या होगा?

What is the count for arranging (9) distinct beads in a bracelet?

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Correct Answer

A. \(\frac{8!}{2}\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Bracelet में rotations और reflections same माने जाते हैं। परीक्षा में bracelet count के लिए (\frac{(n-1)!}{2}) लगाएं। / In a bracelet, rotations and reflections are considered the same. In exams use (\frac{(n-1)!}{2}) for bracelet count.

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(0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8) से repetition बिना (5)-digit even numbers बनाते समय (0) last digit case में count क्या होगा?

Using (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8) without repetition, what is the count for (5)-digit even numbers when (0) is the last digit?

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Correct Answer

A. \(^{8}P_4\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Last digit (0) fix होने पर बाकी (4) places में (8) non-zero digits से ordered selection होता है। परीक्षा में zero-last case leading restriction हटाता है। / When the last digit is fixed as (0), the remaining (4) places use ordered selection from (8) non-zero digits. In exams the zero-last case removes the leading restriction.

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Digits (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8) से repetition बिना (5)-digit even numbers में non-zero even last digit case का count क्या है?

Using digits (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8) without repetition, what is the count for (5)-digit even numbers with a non-zero even last digit?

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Correct Answer

A. \(4\cdot7\cdot{}^{7}P_3\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Last digit के (4) choices हैं, first digit के (7) non-zero choices बचते हैं, फिर (3) places fill होती हैं। परीक्षा में zero और non-zero even cases अलग करें। / There are (4) choices for the last digit, (7) remaining non-zero choices for the first digit, and then (3) places are filled. In exams separate zero and non-zero even cases.

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Digits (1,2,3,4,5,6) से repetition allowed (5)-digit numbers में exactly (2) odd digits हों, तो count कौन-सी है?

Using digits (1,2,3,4,5,6) with repetition allowed, if exactly (2) odd digits occur in (5)-digit numbers, what is the count?

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Correct Answer

A. \(^{5}C_2\cdot3^2\cdot3^3\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Exactly (2) odd positions चुनें, फिर odd और even digits के choices multiply करें। परीक्षा में exactly type digit questions में positions first चुनें। / Choose exactly (2) odd positions, then multiply choices of odd and even digits. In exams choose positions first in exactly-type digit questions.

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Length (6) strings (4) symbols से बनती हैं और हर symbol कम से कम एक बार आए। Count कौन-सी है?

Length (6) strings are formed from (4) symbols and every symbol appears at least once. Which count is correct?

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A. (\sum_{i=0}^{4}(-1)^i{}^{4}C_i(4-i)6)

Explanation

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हर symbol का आना onto condition है, इसलिए missing symbols को inclusion-exclusion से हटाते हैं। परीक्षा में at least once को onto mapping समझें। / Every symbol appearing is an onto condition, so missing symbols are removed by inclusion-exclusion. In exams treat at least once as onto mapping.

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Length (7) strings (5) symbols से बनती हैं और exactly (3) distinct symbols use हों। सही form कौन-सी है?

Length (7) strings are formed from (5) symbols and exactly (3) distinct symbols are used. Which form is correct?

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Correct Answer

A. (^{5}C_3\left\(3^7-3\cdot2^7+3\right\))

Explanation

Simple Explanation

पहले (3) symbols चुनें, फिर (7) positions पर onto strings बनाएं। परीक्षा में exactly distinct symbols के लिए choose set plus onto count करें। / First choose (3) symbols, then form onto strings on (7) positions. In exams use choose set plus onto count for exactly distinct symbols.

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(n) distinct symbols से length (r) strings में exactly one repeated symbol और बाकी all distinct हों, तो count का core expression क्या होगा?

For length (r) strings from (n) distinct symbols with exactly one repeated symbol and all others distinct, what is the core expression?

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Correct Answer

A. \(n\cdot{}^{n-1}C_{r-2}\cdot\frac{r!}{2!}\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Repeated symbol चुनें, बाकी (r-2) distinct symbols चुनें, फिर multiset arrange करें। परीक्षा में exactly one repeat में repeated item पहले fix करें। / Choose the repeated symbol, choose the remaining (r-2) distinct symbols, then arrange the multiset. In exams fix the repeated item first for exactly one repeat.

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((a+b+c+d)^n) में \(a^p b^q c^r d^s\) का coefficient कौन-सा है, यदि (p+q+r+s=n)?

What is the coefficient of \(a^p b^q c^r d^s\) in ((a+b+c+d)^n), if (p+q+r+s=n)?

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Correct Answer

A. \(\frac{n!}{p!q!r!s!}\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

यह (n) brackets को (p,q,r,s) sizes में बांटने का multinomial count है। परीक्षा में exponents को group sizes मानें। / This is the multinomial count of dividing (n) brackets into sizes (p,q,r,s). In exams treat exponents as group sizes.

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((x+y+z)9) में \(x^4y^3z^2\) का coefficient क्या होगा?

What is the coefficient of \(x^4y^3z^2\) in ((x+y+z)9)?

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Correct Answer

A. \(\frac{9!}{4!3!2!}\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Powers का sum (9) है और coefficient multinomial form से मिलता है। परीक्षा में multinomial term में repeated arrangements जैसा denominator रखें। / The powers sum to (9), and the coefficient comes from the multinomial form. In exams use a repeated-arrangement style denominator in multinomial terms.

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(\(1+x+x^2\)^n) में \(x^2\) के coefficient को किस count से derive करेंगे?

How will the coefficient of \(x^2\) in (\(1+x+x^2\)^n) be derived?

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Correct Answer

A. एक bracket से \(x^2\) या दो brackets से (x) चुननाChoose \(x^2\) from one bracket or (x) from two brackets

Explanation

Simple Explanation

\(x^2\) बनने के दो disjoint cases हैं। परीक्षा में polynomial expansion coefficients में exponent-sum cases बनाएं। / There are two disjoint cases to form \(x^2\). In exams make exponent-sum cases for polynomial expansion coefficients.

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(\(1+x+x^2\)8) में \(x^2\) का coefficient कौन-सा है?

What is the coefficient of \(x^2\) in (\(1+x+x^2\)8)?

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Correct Answer

A. \(^{8}C_1+{}^{8}C_2\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Case (1): एक \(x^2\) चुनें, case (2): दो (x) चुनें। परीक्षा में same power पाने वाले सभी cases जोड़ें। / Case (1): choose one \(x^2\), case (2): choose two (x)'s. In exams add all cases that produce the same power.

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((1+x)^n) में ऐसे coefficients का sum जिनके indices (3) से विभाज्य हैं, अलग करने की advanced technique क्या है?

What advanced technique separates the sum of coefficients in ((1+x)^n) whose indices are divisible by (3)?

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Correct Answer

A. Unity roots filter

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Modulo (3) classes अलग करने के लिए cube roots of unity का filter उपयोग होता है। परीक्षा में (3)-step coefficient sums को even-odd से अलग पहचानें। / The cube roots of unity filter is used to separate modulo (3) classes. In exams distinguish (3)-step coefficient sums from even-odd sums.

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\({}^{n}C_r\) के maximum term के लिए ratio test में कौन-सा ratio उपयोग होता है?

Which ratio is used in the ratio test for the maximum term of \({}^{n}C_r\)?

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Correct Answer

A. \(\frac{{}^{n}C_{r+1}}{{}^{n}C_r}=\frac{n-r}{r+1}\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Consecutive binomial coefficients में यह ratio बढ़ने और घटने की दिशा बताता है। परीक्षा में peak खोजने के लिए ratio को (1) से compare करें। / This ratio shows the direction of increase and decrease in consecutive binomial coefficients. In exams compare the ratio with (1) to locate the peak.

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यदि \({}^{n}C_{r+1}>{}^{n}C_r\), तो कौन-सी inequality सही है?

If \({}^{n}C_{r+1}>{}^{n}C_r\), which inequality is correct?

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Correct Answer

A. (n-r>r+1)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Ratio \(\frac{n-r}{r+1}>1\) होना चाहिए। परीक्षा में monotonicity के लिए consecutive ratio को (1) से compare करें। / The ratio \(\frac{n-r}{r+1}>1\) must hold. In exams compare consecutive ratios with (1) for monotonicity.

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यदि \({}^{n}C_{r}= {}^{n}C_{r+4}\) और indices बराबर नहीं हैं, तो (r) और (n) का relation क्या है?

If \({}^{n}C_{r}= {}^{n}C_{r+4}\) and the indices are not equal, what is the relation between (r) and (n)?

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Correct Answer

A. (2r+4=n)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Unequal equal-combination indices complementary होते हैं। परीक्षा में lower indices का sum upper index के बराबर करें। / Unequal equal-combination indices are complementary. In exams set the sum of lower indices equal to the upper index.

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यदि \({}^{24}C_{2r-1}={}^{24}C_{r+8}\) और lower indices unequal हैं, तो (r) क्या होगा?

If \({}^{24}C_{2r-1}={}^{24}C_{r+8}\) and the lower indices are unequal, what is (r)?

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Correct Answer

B. (6)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Complementary indices से (2r-1+r+8=24), इसलिए (r=6)। परीक्षा में equal combinations में same-index case और complement case अलग देखें। / Complementary indices give (2r-1+r+8=24), so (r=6). In exams check same-index and complement cases separately in equal combinations.

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यदि \({}^{n}P_4=12{}^{n}P_3\), तो (n) का मान क्या है?

If \({}^{n}P_4=12{}^{n}P_3\), what is the value of (n)?

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Correct Answer

B. (15)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

({}^{n}P_4=(n-3){}^{n}P_3), इसलिए (n-3=12)। परीक्षा में consecutive permutation relation सीधे लगाएं। / ({}^{n}P_4=(n-3){}^{n}P_3), so (n-3=12). In exams apply the consecutive permutation relation directly.

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यदि \(\frac{{}^{n}C_{r+1}}{{}^{n}C_r}=\frac{3}{4}\), तो कौन-सा relation सही है?

If \(\frac{{}^{n}C_{r+1}}{{}^{n}C_r}=\frac{3}{4}\), which relation is correct?

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Correct Answer

A. (4n-7r=3)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

\(\frac{n-r}{r+1}=\frac{3}{4}\) से (4n-4r=3r+3) मिलता है। परीक्षा में ratio equations को cross multiply करें। / From \(\frac{n-r}{r+1}=\frac{3}{4}\), we get (4n-4r=3r+3). In exams cross-multiply ratio equations.

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यदि \(\frac{{}^{n}C_{r}}{{}^{n}C_{r-1}}=\frac{5}{2}\), तो relation कौन-सा बनेगा?

If \(\frac{{}^{n}C_{r}}{{}^{n}C_{r-1}}=\frac{5}{2}\), which relation is formed?

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Correct Answer

A. (2n-7r+2=0)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Ratio \(\frac{{}^{n}C_r}{{}^{n}C_{r-1}}=\frac{n-r+1}{r}\) है। परीक्षा में consecutive combination ratio का सही direction रखें। / The ratio is \(\frac{{}^{n}C_r}{{}^{n}C_{r-1}}=\frac{n-r+1}{r}\). In exams keep the direction of consecutive combination ratios correct.

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(n) distinct objects में से (r) चुनने पर कम से कम (2) special objects चाहिए, और special objects (s) हैं। Complement expression कौन-सा है?

When choosing (r) objects from (n) distinct objects, at least (2) special objects are required and there are (s) special objects. Which complement expression is correct?

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Correct Answer

A. \(^{n}C_r-{}^{n-s}C_r-s{}^{n-s}C_{r-1}\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

At least (2) special का complement (0) special या exactly (1) special है। परीक्षा में complement में सभी unwanted cases घटाएं। / The complement of at least (2) special is (0) special or exactly (1) special. In exams subtract all unwanted cases in the complement.

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(10) students में से (5) की committee बनानी है, (A) और (B) दोनों साथ या दोनों बाहर हों। Count क्या है?

A committee of (5) is formed from (10) students, and (A) and (B) are either both included or both excluded. What is the count?

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Correct Answer

A. \(^{8}C_3+{}^{8}C_5\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Case (1): दोनों शामिल हों, case (2): दोनों बाहर हों। परीक्षा में paired restriction को दो disjoint cases में तोड़ें। / Case (1): both are included, case (2): both are excluded. In exams split paired restrictions into two disjoint cases.

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(9) players में से (4) चुनने हैं, (A) और (B) साथ चयनित न हों। Count कौन-सी है?

(4) players are chosen from (9) players, and (A) and (B) are not selected together. Which count is correct?

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Correct Answer

A. \(^{9}C_4-{}^{7}C_2\)

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Total selections से (A,B) दोनों वाले selections घटते हैं। परीक्षा में not together selection में complement सबसे छोटा route है। / Subtract selections containing both (A,B) from total selections. In exams complement is the shortest route for not-together selection.

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Class 11 Mathematics Quiz FAQs

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