Class 11 Mathematics - Relations And Functions - Functions as a special kind of relation Expert Quiz

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यदि \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\) और \(R=\{(a,b)\in A\times A:a+b=5\}\) है, तो (R) में अवयवों की संख्या क्या है?

If \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\) and \(R=\{(a,b)\in A\times A:a+b=5\}\), then how many elements are in (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. (4)

Step 1

Concept

\(R=\{(1,4),(2,3),(3,2),(4,1)\}\), so the count is (4). In exams, remember that order matters in ordered pairs.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. (4). \(R=\{(1,4),(2,3),(3,2),(4,1)\}\), so the count is (4). In exams, remember that order matters in ordered pairs.

Step 3

Exam Tip

\(R=\{(1,4),(2,3),(3,2),(4,1)\}\), इसलिए संख्या (4) है। परीक्षा में क्रमित युग्मों में क्रम का ध्यान रखें।

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यदि समुच्चय (A) में (5) अवयव हैं, तो (A) पर ऐसे संबंधों की संख्या कितनी है जो प्रतिवर्ती और सममित दोनों हों?

If set (A) has (5) elements, how many relations on (A) are both reflexive and symmetric?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. \(2^{10}\)

Step 1

Concept

Reflexivity fixes the (5) diagonal pairs, and symmetry lets the remaining pairs be chosen in unordered pairs. Therefore the number is \(2^{\frac{5(5-1)}{2}}=2^{10}\).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. \(2^{10}\). Reflexivity fixes the (5) diagonal pairs, and symmetry lets the remaining pairs be chosen in unordered pairs. Therefore the number is \(2^{\frac{5(5-1)}{2}}=2^{10}\).

Step 3

Exam Tip

प्रतिवर्ती होने से (5) विकर्ण युग्म निश्चित हो जाते हैं और सममितता में बाकी युग्म जोड़ों में चुने जाते हैं। इसलिए संख्या \(2^{\frac{5(5-1)}{2}}=2^{10}\) है।

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यदि (|A|=3) और (|B|=2) है, तो (A) से (B) तक कुल कितने भिन्न संबंध संभव हैं?

If (|A|=3) and (|B|=2), how many different relations are possible from (A) to (B)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. \(2^6\)

Step 1

Concept

Since \(|A\times B|=3\times2=6\), total relations are \(2^6\). Remember the formula \(2^{mn}\).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. \(2^6\). Since \(|A\times B|=3\times2=6\), total relations are \(2^6\). Remember the formula \(2^{mn}\).

Step 3

Exam Tip

क्योंकि \(|A\times B|=3\times2=6\), कुल संबंध \(2^6\) होंगे। सूत्र \(2^{mn}\) याद रखें।

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समुच्चय \(A=\{1,2,3\}\) पर \(R=\{(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(1,2)\}\) है। (R) के लिए सही कथन कौन सा है?

On set \(A=\{1,2,3\}\), \(R=\{(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(1,2)\}\). Which statement is correct for (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. प्रतिवर्ती है पर सममित नहींReflexive but not symmetric

Step 1

Concept

All ((a,a)) pairs are present, so (R) is reflexive. Since ((1,2)) is present but ((2,1)) is not, it is not symmetric.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. प्रतिवर्ती है पर सममित नहीं / Reflexive but not symmetric. All ((a,a)) pairs are present, so (R) is reflexive. Since ((1,2)) is present but ((2,1)) is not, it is not symmetric.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सभी ((a,a)) मौजूद हैं, इसलिए (R) प्रतिवर्ती है। ((1,2)) है पर ((2,1)) नहीं है, इसलिए सममित नहीं है।

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यदि \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\) और \(R=\{(a,b):a\le b\}\) है, तो (R) किस गुण को निश्चित रूप से संतुष्ट करता है?

If \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\) and \(R=\{(a,b):a\le b\}\), which property is certainly satisfied by (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. प्रतिवर्ती और संक्रमीReflexive and transitive

Step 1

Concept

For every \(a\in A\), \(a\le a\), so it is reflexive. If \(a\le b\) and \(b\le c\), then \(a\le c\), so it is transitive.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. प्रतिवर्ती और संक्रमी / Reflexive and transitive. For every \(a\in A\), \(a\le a\), so it is reflexive. If \(a\le b\) and \(b\le c\), then \(a\le c\), so it is transitive.

Step 3

Exam Tip

हर \(a\in A\) के लिए \(a\le a\), इसलिए प्रतिवर्ती है। यदि \(a\le b\) और \(b\le c\), तो \(a\le c\), इसलिए संक्रमी है।

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समुच्चय \(A=\{1,2,3\}\) पर संबंध \(R=\{(1,2),(2,1),(2,3),(3,2)\}\) के बारे में सही विकल्प चुनिए।

For the relation \(R=\{(1,2),(2,1),(2,3),(3,2)\}\) on \(A=\{1,2,3\}\), choose the correct option.

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. सममित है पर प्रतिवर्ती नहींSymmetric but not reflexive

Step 1

Concept

Every reverse pair is present, so (R) is symmetric. But ((1,1),(2,2),(3,3)) are missing, so it is not reflexive.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. सममित है पर प्रतिवर्ती नहीं / Symmetric but not reflexive. Every reverse pair is present, so (R) is symmetric. But ((1,1),(2,2),(3,3)) are missing, so it is not reflexive.

Step 3

Exam Tip

हर उल्टा युग्म मौजूद है, इसलिए (R) सममित है। लेकिन ((1,1),(2,2),(3,3)) नहीं हैं, इसलिए प्रतिवर्ती नहीं है।

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यदि \(A=\{1,2,3\}\) और \(R=A\times A\) है, तो (R) कैसा संबंध है?

If \(A=\{1,2,3\}\) and \(R=A\times A\), what type of relation is (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. सार्वत्रिक संबंधUniversal relation

Step 1

Concept

All ordered pairs of \(A\times A\) are in (R), so it is the universal relation. It is also called the full relation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. सार्वत्रिक संबंध / Universal relation. All ordered pairs of \(A\times A\) are in (R), so it is the universal relation. It is also called the full relation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

\(A\times A\) के सभी क्रमित युग्म (R) में हैं, इसलिए यह सार्वत्रिक संबंध है। इसे पूर्ण संबंध भी कहा जाता है।

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यदि \(A=\{2,4,6\}\) पर \(R=\varnothing\) है, तो कौन सा कथन सही है?

If \(R=\varnothing\) on \(A=\{2,4,6\}\), which statement is correct?

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Correct Answer

C. (R) रिक्त संबंध है(R) is an empty relation

Step 1

Concept

There is no ordered pair in (R), so it is an empty relation. On non-empty (A), it is not reflexive.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. (R) रिक्त संबंध है / (R) is an empty relation. There is no ordered pair in (R), so it is an empty relation. On non-empty (A), it is not reflexive.

Step 3

Exam Tip

(R) में कोई क्रमित युग्म नहीं है, इसलिए यह रिक्त संबंध है। गैर-रिक्त (A) पर यह प्रतिवर्ती नहीं होगा।

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\((A={1,2,3,4,5}) पर (R={(a,b):a-b\) is divisible by 2}) है। (R) किस प्रकार का संबंध है?

\(On (A={1,2,3,4,5}), (R={(a,b):a-b\) is divisible by 2}). What type of relation is (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. समतुल्य संबंधEquivalence relation

Step 1

Concept

Elements with the same parity are related, so reflexive, symmetric, and transitive properties all hold. Hence (R) is an equivalence relation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. समतुल्य संबंध / Equivalence relation. Elements with the same parity are related, so reflexive, symmetric, and transitive properties all hold. Hence (R) is an equivalence relation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

समान parity वाले अवयव जुड़े हैं, इसलिए प्रतिवर्ती, सममित और संक्रमी तीनों गुण मिलते हैं। अतः (R) समतुल्य संबंध है।

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यदि \(R\subseteq A\times B\) और \(R=\{(1,4),(2,4),(2,5),(3,6)\}\) है, तो (R) का domain क्या है?

If \(R\subseteq A\times B\) and \(R=\{(1,4),(2,4),(2,5),(3,6)\}\), what is the domain of (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. ({1,2,3})

Step 1

Concept

The domain is the set of first components. Here the first components are (1,2,3).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. ({1,2,3}). The domain is the set of first components. Here the first components are (1,2,3).

Step 3

Exam Tip

domain पहले घटकों का समुच्चय होता है। यहां पहले घटक (1,2,3) हैं।

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यदि \(R=\{(1,4),(2,4),(2,5),(3,6)\}\) है, तो (R) का range क्या है?

If \(R=\{(1,4),(2,4),(2,5),(3,6)\}\), what is the range of (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. ({4,5,6})

Step 1

Concept

The range is the set of second components. The repeated (4) is written only once.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. ({4,5,6}). The range is the set of second components. The repeated (4) is written only once.

Step 3

Exam Tip

range दूसरे घटकों का समुच्चय होता है। दोहराए गए (4) को एक बार ही लिखा जाता है।

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\(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\) पर \(R=\{(a,b):a\mid b\}\) है। कौन सा युग्म (R) में नहीं है?

On \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\), \(R=\{(a,b):a\mid b\}\). Which pair is not in (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

D. ((4,2))

Step 1

Concept

Since \(4\nmid 2\), \((4,2)\notin R\). In divisibility relation, treat the first component as the divisor.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is D. ((4,2)). Since \(4\nmid 2\), \((4,2)\notin R\). In divisibility relation, treat the first component as the divisor.

Step 3

Exam Tip

\(4\nmid 2\), इसलिए \((4,2)\notin R\) है। भाग संबंध में पहले घटक को भाजक मानें।

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\(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\) पर \(R=\{(a,b):a\mid b\}\) के लिए सही कथन क्या है?

For \(R=\{(a,b):a\mid b\}\) on \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\), which statement is correct?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. प्रतिवर्ती और संक्रमी पर सममित नहींReflexive and transitive but not symmetric

Step 1

Concept

Every \(a\mid a\), so it is reflexive, and divisibility is transitive. But \(1\mid2\) while \(2\nmid1\), so it is not symmetric.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. प्रतिवर्ती और संक्रमी पर सममित नहीं / Reflexive and transitive but not symmetric. Every \(a\mid a\), so it is reflexive, and divisibility is transitive. But \(1\mid2\) while \(2\nmid1\), so it is not symmetric.

Step 3

Exam Tip

हर \(a\mid a\), इसलिए प्रतिवर्ती है, और भाग्यता संक्रमी होती है। लेकिन \(1\mid2\) पर \(2\nmid1\), इसलिए सममित नहीं है।

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यदि \(A=\{1,2,3\}\) है, तो (A) पर कुल कितने संबंध संभव हैं?

If \(A=\{1,2,3\}\), how many relations are possible on (A)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. \(2^9\)

Step 1

Concept

A relation on (A) is a subset of \(A\times A\), and \(|A\times A|=9\). Hence total relations are \(2^9\).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. \(2^9\). A relation on (A) is a subset of \(A\times A\), and \(|A\times A|=9\). Hence total relations are \(2^9\).

Step 3

Exam Tip

(A) पर संबंध \(A\times A\) का उपसमुच्चय होता है और \(|A\times A|=9\)। इसलिए कुल संबंध \(2^9\) हैं।

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यदि (|A|=4), तो (A) पर ऐसे कितने संबंध होंगे जिनमें ((a,a)) सभी \(a\in A\) के लिए अवश्य हों?

If (|A|=4), how many relations on (A) must contain ((a,a)) for all \(a\in A\)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(2^{12}\)

Step 1

Concept

In a reflexive relation, (4) diagonal pairs are fixed. The remaining (16-4=12) pairs are free, so the number is \(2^{12}\).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. \(2^{12}\). In a reflexive relation, (4) diagonal pairs are fixed. The remaining (16-4=12) pairs are free, so the number is \(2^{12}\).

Step 3

Exam Tip

प्रतिवर्ती संबंध में (4) diagonal युग्म निश्चित होते हैं। बाकी (16-4=12) युग्म स्वतंत्र हैं, इसलिए संख्या \(2^{12}\) है।

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\(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\) पर \(R=\{(a,b):|a-b|=1\}\) है। (R) के बारे में सही कथन क्या है?

On \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\), \(R=\{(a,b):|a-b|=1\}\). Which statement about (R) is correct?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. सममित हैIt is symmetric

Step 1

Concept

If (|a-b|=1), then (|b-a|=1), so it is symmetric. But ((1,2)) and ((2,3)) hold while ((1,3)) does not, so it is not transitive.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. सममित है / It is symmetric. If (|a-b|=1), then (|b-a|=1), so it is symmetric. But ((1,2)) and ((2,3)) hold while ((1,3)) does not, so it is not transitive.

Step 3

Exam Tip

यदि (|a-b|=1), तो (|b-a|=1), इसलिए सममित है। लेकिन ((1,2)) और ((2,3)) होने पर ((1,3)) नहीं है, इसलिए संक्रमी नहीं है।

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यदि \(R=\{(x,y)\in \mathbb{Z}\times\mathbb{Z}:x-y=3\}\), तो \(R^{-1}\) को किस रूप में लिखा जा सकता है?

If \(R=\{(x,y)\in \mathbb{Z}\times\mathbb{Z}:x-y=3\}\), how can \(R^{-1}\) be written?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. ({(x,y):y-x=3})

Step 1

Concept

In the inverse, order is reversed, so the original condition (a-b=3) becomes (y-x=3). Do not forget the direction when variables are swapped.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. ({(x,y):y-x=3}). In the inverse, order is reversed, so the original condition (a-b=3) becomes (y-x=3). Do not forget the direction when variables are swapped.

Step 3

Exam Tip

प्रतिलोम में क्रम बदलता है, इसलिए मूल शर्त (a-b=3) नई शर्त (y-x=3) बनती है। चर बदलते समय संबंध की दिशा न भूलें।

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\((A={1,2,3,4}) पर संबंध (R={(a,b):a+b\) is odd}) के लिए कौन सा कथन सही है?

\(For the relation (R={(a,b):a+b\) is odd\(}) on (A={1,2,3,4}), which statement is correct\)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. सममित पर प्रतिवर्ती नहींSymmetric but not reflexive

Step 1

Concept

If (a+b) is odd, then (b+a) is also odd, so it is symmetric. But (a+a=2a) is even, so it is not reflexive.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. सममित पर प्रतिवर्ती नहीं / Symmetric but not reflexive. If (a+b) is odd, then (b+a) is also odd, so it is symmetric. But (a+a=2a) is even, so it is not reflexive.

Step 3

Exam Tip

यदि (a+b) विषम है, तो (b+a) भी विषम है, इसलिए सममित है। लेकिन (a+a=2a) सम है, इसलिए प्रतिवर्ती नहीं है।

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यदि \(A=\{1,2,3,4,5\}\) और \(R=\{(a,b):a<b\}\) है, तो (R) में कितने क्रमित युग्म हैं?

If \(A=\{1,2,3,4,5\}\) and \(R=\{(a,b):a<b\}\), how many ordered pairs are in (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. (10)

Step 1

Concept

For (5) elements, the number of pairs with (a<b) is \(\binom{5}{2}=10\). In such questions, count each unordered pair in the correct ordered direction.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. (10). For (5) elements, the number of pairs with (a<b) is \(\binom{5}{2}=10\). In such questions, count each unordered pair in the correct ordered direction.

Step 3

Exam Tip

(5) अवयवों में (a<b) वाले युग्मों की संख्या \(\binom{5}{2}=10\) है। ऐसे प्रश्नों में unordered जोड़ी को सही ordered दिशा में गिनें।

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\(A=\{1,2,3,4,5\}\) पर \(R=\{(a,b):a<b\}\) के बारे में सही विकल्प चुनिए।

Choose the correct option for \(R=\{(a,b):a<b\}\) on \(A=\{1,2,3,4,5\}\).

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. अप्रतिवर्ती और संक्रमीIrreflexive and transitive

Step 1

Concept

(a<a) is never true, so it is irreflexive. If (a<b) and (b<c), then (a<c), so it is transitive.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. अप्रतिवर्ती और संक्रमी / Irreflexive and transitive. (a<a) is never true, so it is irreflexive. If (a<b) and (b<c), then (a<c), so it is transitive.

Step 3

Exam Tip

(a<a) कभी सत्य नहीं, इसलिए यह अप्रतिवर्ती है। यदि (a<b) और (b<c), तो (a<c), इसलिए यह संक्रमी है।

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यदि \(R=\{(x,y)\in \mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R}:x^2=y^2\}\), तो (R) के लिए सही कथन क्या है?

If \(R=\{(x,y)\in \mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R}:x^2=y^2\}\), which statement is correct for (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. समतुल्य संबंध हैIt is an equivalence relation

Step 1

Concept

\(x^2=x^2\), \(x^2=y^2\Rightarrow y^2=x^2\), and equality is transitive. Hence it is an equivalence relation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. समतुल्य संबंध है / It is an equivalence relation. \(x^2=x^2\), \(x^2=y^2\Rightarrow y^2=x^2\), and equality is transitive. Hence it is an equivalence relation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

\(x^2=x^2\), \(x^2=y^2\Rightarrow y^2=x^2\), और बराबरी की शर्त संक्रमी है। इसलिए यह समतुल्य संबंध है।

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\(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\) पर पहचान संबंध \(I_A\) में कौन सा युग्म होगा?

Which pair will be in the identity relation \(I_A\) on \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. ((2,2))

Step 1

Concept

The identity relation contains only pairs of the form ((a,a)). Therefore ((2,2)) is correct.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. ((2,2)). The identity relation contains only pairs of the form ((a,a)). Therefore ((2,2)) is correct.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पहचान संबंध में केवल ((a,a)) प्रकार के युग्म होते हैं। इसलिए ((2,2)) सही है।

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यदि \(A=\{1,2,3\}\), तो (A) पर न्यूनतम प्रतिवर्ती संबंध क्या होगा?

If \(A=\{1,2,3\}\), what is the smallest reflexive relation on (A)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. ({(1,1),(2,2),(3,3)})

Step 1

Concept

For reflexivity, all diagonal pairs are compulsory. The smallest relation keeps only those required pairs.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. ({(1,1),(2,2),(3,3)}). For reflexivity, all diagonal pairs are compulsory. The smallest relation keeps only those required pairs.

Step 3

Exam Tip

प्रतिवर्ती होने के लिए सभी diagonal युग्म अनिवार्य हैं। न्यूनतम संबंध में केवल वही युग्म रखे जाते हैं।

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यदि (R) एक संबंध है और (\operatorname{Dom}(R)={2,3,5}), (\operatorname{Ran}(R)={7,11}), तो (R) कम से कम कितने युग्मों वाला हो सकता है?

If (R) is a relation with (\operatorname{Dom}(R)={2,3,5}) and (\operatorname{Ran}(R)={7,11}), what is the minimum possible number of pairs in (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. (3)

Step 1

Concept

All three domain elements must appear in some pair, so at least (3) pairs are needed. The (2) range elements can be covered within these (3) pairs.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. (3). All three domain elements must appear in some pair, so at least (3) pairs are needed. The (2) range elements can be covered within these (3) pairs.

Step 3

Exam Tip

तीनों domain अवयवों को किसी न किसी युग्म में आना होगा, इसलिए कम से कम (3) युग्म चाहिए। range के (2) अवयव इन्हीं (3) युग्मों में कवर किए जा सकते हैं।

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यदि \(A=\{1,2,3\}\), \(B=\{x,y\}\), और \(R=\{(1,x),(2,x),(3,y)\}\), तो (R) का range क्या है?

If \(A=\{1,2,3\}\), \(B=\{x,y\}\), and \(R=\{(1,x),(2,x),(3,y)\}\), what is the range of (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. ({x,y})

Step 1

Concept

Both second components (x) and (y) occur. Therefore the range is ({x,y}).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. ({x,y}). Both second components (x) and (y) occur. Therefore the range is ({x,y}).

Step 3

Exam Tip

दूसरे घटक (x) और (y) दोनों आते हैं। इसलिए range ({x,y}) है।

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\(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\) पर \(R=\{(a,b):a+b\le5\}\) है। (R) में कितने युग्म हैं?

On \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\), \(R=\{(a,b):a+b\le5\}\). How many pairs are in (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. (10)

Step 1

Concept

For (a=1,2,3,4), the possible counts of (b) are (4,3,2,1). Total pairs are (4+3+2+1=10).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. (10). For (a=1,2,3,4), the possible counts of (b) are (4,3,2,1). Total pairs are (4+3+2+1=10).

Step 3

Exam Tip

(a=1,2,3,4) के लिए (b) की संख्याएं क्रमशः (4,3,2,1) हैं। कुल (4+3+2+1=10) युग्म हैं।

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यदि \(A=\{1,2,3,4,6\}\) और \(R=\{(a,b):\operatorname{lcm}(a,b)=6\}\), तो कौन सा युग्म (R) में है?

If \(A=\{1,2,3,4,6\}\) and \(R=\{(a,b):\operatorname{lcm}(a,b)=6\}\), which pair belongs to (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ((2,3))

Step 1

Concept

(\operatorname{lcm}(2,3)=6), so \((2,3)\in R\). In the other options, the \(\operatorname{lcm}\) is not (6).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ((2,3)). (\operatorname{lcm}(2,3)=6), so \((2,3)\in R\). In the other options, the \(\operatorname{lcm}\) is not (6).

Step 3

Exam Tip

(\operatorname{lcm}(2,3)=6), इसलिए \((2,3)\in R\) है। बाकी विकल्पों में \(\operatorname{lcm}\) (6) नहीं मिलता।

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\(A=\{1,2,3,4,5,6\}\) पर \(R=\{(a,b):\gcd(a,b)=1\}\) है। इस संबंध के लिए सही गुण कौन सा है?

On \(A=\{1,2,3,4,5,6\}\), \(R=\{(a,b):\gcd(a,b)=1\}\). Which property is correct for this relation?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. सममित है पर प्रतिवर्ती नहींSymmetric but not reflexive

Step 1

Concept

(\gcd(a,b)=\gcd(b,a)), so it is symmetric. But (\gcd(2,2)=2\ne1), so it is not reflexive.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. सममित है पर प्रतिवर्ती नहीं / Symmetric but not reflexive. (\gcd(a,b)=\gcd(b,a)), so it is symmetric. But (\gcd(2,2)=2\ne1), so it is not reflexive.

Step 3

Exam Tip

(\gcd(a,b)=\gcd(b,a)), इसलिए यह सममित है। लेकिन (\gcd(2,2)=2\ne1), इसलिए प्रतिवर्ती नहीं है।

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यदि \(A=\{1,2,3\}\) और \(R=\{(1,1),(1,2),(2,2),(2,3),(3,3)\}\), तो (R) की transitivity जांचने के लिए कौन सा युग्म missing होने से समस्या बनेगा?

If \(A=\{1,2,3\}\) and \(R=\{(1,1),(1,2),(2,2),(2,3),(3,3)\}\), which missing pair causes a problem for transitivity?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ((1,3))

Step 1

Concept

Since \((1,2)\in R\) and \((2,3)\in R\), transitivity requires ((1,3)). It is missing, so (R) is not transitive.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ((1,3)). Since \((1,2)\in R\) and \((2,3)\in R\), transitivity requires ((1,3)). It is missing, so (R) is not transitive.

Step 3

Exam Tip

क्योंकि \((1,2)\in R\) और \((2,3)\in R\), transitivity के लिए ((1,3)) चाहिए। यह missing है, इसलिए (R) संक्रमी नहीं है।

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समुच्चय \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\) पर संबंध \(R=\{(a,b):a+b=6\}\) का domain क्या है?

For the relation \(R=\{(a,b):a+b=6\}\) on \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\), what is the domain?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. ({2,3,4})

Step 1

Concept

The valid pairs are ((2,4),(3,3),(4,2)). Their first components are ({2,3,4}).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. ({2,3,4}). The valid pairs are ((2,4),(3,3),(4,2)). Their first components are ({2,3,4}).

Step 3

Exam Tip

मान्य युग्म ((2,4),(3,3),(4,2)) हैं। इनके पहले घटक ({2,3,4}) हैं।

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यदि \(R=\{(a,b)\in A\times A:a=b\}\), तो (R) को क्या कहते हैं?

If \(R=\{(a,b)\in A\times A:a=b\}\), what is (R) called?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. पहचान संबंधIdentity relation

Step 1

Concept

When only pairs with (a=b) are present, the relation is the identity relation. It is denoted by \(I_A\).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. पहचान संबंध / Identity relation. When only pairs with (a=b) are present, the relation is the identity relation. It is denoted by \(I_A\).

Step 3

Exam Tip

जब केवल (a=b) वाले युग्म हों, तो संबंध पहचान संबंध होता है। इसे \(I_A\) से दर्शाते हैं।

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यदि \(A=\{1,2\}\) और \(B=\{3,4,5\}\), तो \(A\times B\) के उपसमुच्चयों की संख्या कितनी है?

If \(A=\{1,2\}\) and \(B=\{3,4,5\}\), how many subsets of \(A\times B\) are there?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. \(2^6\)

Step 1

Concept

\(|A\times B|=2\times3=6\). The number of its subsets is \(2^6\).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. \(2^6\). \(|A\times B|=2\times3=6\). The number of its subsets is \(2^6\).

Step 3

Exam Tip

\(|A\times B|=2\times3=6\) है। उसके उपसमुच्चयों की संख्या \(2^6\) होगी।

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\(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\) पर \(R=\{(a,b):a^2+b^2=25\}\) है। (R) में कितने युग्म होंगे?

On \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\), \(R=\{(a,b):a^2+b^2=25\}\). How many pairs are in (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. (2)

Step 1

Concept

Only ((3,4)) and ((4,3)) satisfy \(3^2+4^2=25\). Therefore there are (2) pairs.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. (2). Only ((3,4)) and ((4,3)) satisfy \(3^2+4^2=25\). Therefore there are (2) pairs.

Step 3

Exam Tip

केवल ((3,4)) और ((4,3)) पर \(3^2+4^2=25\) मिलता है। इसलिए कुल (2) युग्म हैं।

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यदि \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\) और \(R=\{(a,b):a\ne b\}\), तो (R) के बारे में सही कथन क्या है?

If \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\) and \(R=\{(a,b):a\ne b\}\), which statement about (R) is correct?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. सममित है पर प्रतिवर्ती नहींSymmetric but not reflexive

Step 1

Concept

If \(a\ne b\), then \(b\ne a\), so it is symmetric. But ((a,a)) never occurs, so it is not reflexive.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. सममित है पर प्रतिवर्ती नहीं / Symmetric but not reflexive. If \(a\ne b\), then \(b\ne a\), so it is symmetric. But ((a,a)) never occurs, so it is not reflexive.

Step 3

Exam Tip

यदि \(a\ne b\), तो \(b\ne a\), इसलिए सममित है। लेकिन ((a,a)) कभी नहीं आता, इसलिए प्रतिवर्ती नहीं है।

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\(A=\{1,2,3\}\) पर \(R=\{(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(1,2),(2,1)\}\) के equivalence class ([1]) क्या होगी?

For \(R=\{(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(1,2),(2,1)\}\) on \(A=\{1,2,3\}\), what is the equivalence class ([1])?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. ({1,2})

Step 1

Concept

([1]) contains elements related to (1). Here (1) and (2) are related to (1).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. ({1,2}). ([1]) contains elements related to (1). Here (1) and (2) are related to (1).

Step 3

Exam Tip

([1]) में वे अवयव आते हैं जो (1) से संबंधित हैं। यहां (1) और (2), दोनों (1) से जुड़े हैं।

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यदि \(A=\{1,2,3,4,5,6\}\) पर (aRb) तब और केवल तब जब \(a\equiv b \pmod{3}\), तो ([2]) क्या है?

If (aRb) on \(A=\{1,2,3,4,5,6\}\) iff \(a\equiv b \pmod{3}\), then what is ([2])?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ({2,5})

Step 1

Concept

The elements giving the same remainder (2) modulo (3) are (2) and (5). Hence ([2]={2,5}).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ({2,5}). The elements giving the same remainder (2) modulo (3) are (2) and (5). Hence ([2]={2,5}).

Step 3

Exam Tip

(2) के समान \( \pmod{3}\) शेष (2) देने वाले अवयव (2) और (5) हैं। इसलिए ([2]={2,5}) है।

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\((A={1,2,3,4}) पर (R={(a,b):a+b\) is even}) में equivalence classes कौन सी हैं?

\(On (A={1,2,3,4}), for (R={(a,b):a+b\) is even}), what are the equivalence classes?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ({1,3},{2,4})

Step 1

Concept

An even sum means both numbers have the same parity. Thus the classes are odd ({1,3}) and even ({2,4}).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ({1,3},{2,4}). An even sum means both numbers have the same parity. Thus the classes are odd ({1,3}) and even ({2,4}).

Step 3

Exam Tip

योग सम होने का मतलब दोनों संख्याएं समान parity की हैं। इसलिए classes विषम ({1,3}) और सम ({2,4}) हैं।

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यदि किसी संबंध (R) में \((2,5)\in R\) है और (R) सममित है, तो कौन सा युग्म अवश्य होगा?

If \((2,5)\in R\) and (R) is symmetric, which pair must be present?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ((5,2))

Step 1

Concept

In a symmetric relation, \((a,b)\in R\Rightarrow(b,a)\in R\). Therefore ((5,2)) must be present.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ((5,2)). In a symmetric relation, \((a,b)\in R\Rightarrow(b,a)\in R\). Therefore ((5,2)) must be present.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सममित संबंध में \((a,b)\in R\Rightarrow(b,a)\in R\) होता है। इसलिए ((5,2)) अवश्य होगा।

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यदि (R) संक्रमी है, \((1,4)\in R\), और \((4,6)\in R\), तो कौन सा युग्म अवश्य (R) में होगा?

If (R) is transitive, \((1,4)\in R\), and \((4,6)\in R\), which pair must be in (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. ((1,6))

Step 1

Concept

By transitivity, ((a,b)) and ((b,c)) imply ((a,c)). Therefore ((1,6)) is compulsory.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. ((1,6)). By transitivity, ((a,b)) and ((b,c)) imply ((a,c)). Therefore ((1,6)) is compulsory.

Step 3

Exam Tip

transitivity के अनुसार ((a,b)) और ((b,c)) से ((a,c)) मिलता है। इसलिए ((1,6)) अनिवार्य है।

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\(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\) पर \(R=\{(a,b):a+b=7\}\) का range क्या है?

On \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\), what is the range of \(R=\{(a,b):a+b=7\}\)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. ({3,4})

Step 1

Concept

The valid pairs are ((3,4)) and ((4,3)). Hence the set of second components is ({3,4}).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. ({3,4}). The valid pairs are ((3,4)) and ((4,3)). Hence the set of second components is ({3,4}).

Step 3

Exam Tip

मान्य युग्म ((3,4)) और ((4,3)) हैं। इसलिए दूसरे घटकों का समुच्चय ({3,4}) है।

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यदि \(A=\{1,2,3\}\) और \(R=\{(1,2),(2,3),(1,3)\}\), तो (R) के लिए सही कथन क्या है?

If \(A=\{1,2,3\}\) and \(R=\{(1,2),(2,3),(1,3)\}\), which statement is correct for (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. संक्रमी है पर प्रतिवर्ती नहींTransitive but not reflexive

Step 1

Concept

The required ((1,3)) from ((1,2)) and ((2,3)) is present, so the key transitivity condition holds. Diagonal pairs are absent, so it is not reflexive.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. संक्रमी है पर प्रतिवर्ती नहीं / Transitive but not reflexive. The required ((1,3)) from ((1,2)) and ((2,3)) is present, so the key transitivity condition holds. Diagonal pairs are absent, so it is not reflexive.

Step 3

Exam Tip

((1,2)) और ((2,3)) से जरूरी ((1,3)) मौजूद है, इसलिए transitivity की मुख्य शर्त पूरी है। diagonal युग्म नहीं हैं, इसलिए प्रतिवर्ती नहीं है।

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यदि \(A=\{1,2,3,4,5\}\) और \(R=\{(a,b):a=2b\}\), तो (R) में कितने युग्म होंगे?

If \(A=\{1,2,3,4,5\}\) and \(R=\{(a,b):a=2b\}\), how many pairs are in (R)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. (2)

Step 1

Concept

For (b=1), (a=2), and for (b=2), (a=4). Thus the pairs are ((2,1),(4,2)), so the count is (2).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. (2). For (b=1), (a=2), and for (b=2), (a=4). Thus the pairs are ((2,1),(4,2)), so the count is (2).

Step 3

Exam Tip

(b=1) पर (a=2) और (b=2) पर (a=4) मिलता है। इसलिए युग्म ((2,1),(4,2)) हैं और संख्या (2) है।

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\(A=\{1,2,3,4,5\}\) पर \(R=\{(a,b):a+b=2a\}\) है। (R) किस पहचान से सरल होगा?

On \(A=\{1,2,3,4,5\}\), \(R=\{(a,b):a+b=2a\}\). Which identity does (R) simplify to?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. (a=b)

Step 1

Concept

\(a+b=2a\Rightarrow b=a\), so it becomes the identity relation. Simplify the equation to identify the relation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. (a=b). \(a+b=2a\Rightarrow b=a\), so it becomes the identity relation. Simplify the equation to identify the relation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

\(a+b=2a\Rightarrow b=a\), इसलिए यह पहचान संबंध बनता है। समीकरण को सरल करके relation पहचानें।

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यदि \(R\subseteq A\times A\) सममित है और \((3,4)\notin R\), तो किस निष्कर्ष को निश्चित नहीं कहा जा सकता?

If \(R\subseteq A\times A\) is symmetric and \((3,4)\notin R\), which conclusion is not guaranteed?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. \((3,3)\in R\)

Step 1

Concept

Symmetry lets us infer \((4,3)\notin R\) from \((3,4)\notin R\). But the presence of diagonal pairs is not guaranteed by symmetry.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. \((3,3)\in R\). Symmetry lets us infer \((4,3)\notin R\) from \((3,4)\notin R\). But the presence of diagonal pairs is not guaranteed by symmetry.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सममितता से \((3,4)\notin R\) होने पर \((4,3)\notin R\) निष्कर्ष निकलता है। लेकिन diagonal युग्मों की उपस्थिति सममितता से निश्चित नहीं होती।

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\(यदि (A={1,2,3,4}) पर (R={(a,b):a+b\) is prime}), तो कौन सा युग्म (R) में नहीं है?

\(If (R={(a,b):a+b\) is prime\(}) on (A={1,2,3,4}), which pair is not in (R)\)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ((1,1))

Step 1

Concept

For ((1,1)), (1+1=2) is prime, so it is in (R). However, all listed pairs are actually in (R), so this is a trap question.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ((1,1)). For ((1,1)), (1+1=2) is prime, so it is in (R). However, all listed pairs are actually in (R), so this is a trap question.

Step 3

Exam Tip

((1,1)) के लिए (1+1=2) prime है, इसलिए यह (R) में है। लेकिन विकल्पों में वास्तव में कोई युग्म बाहर नहीं है, इसलिए यह प्रश्न जाल है।

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\(नीचे दिए संबंध (R={(a,b):a+b\) is prime\(}) में, (A={1,2,3,4}) के लिए कौन सा युग्म अवश्य (R) में है\)?

\(For the relation (R={(a,b):a+b\) is prime\(}) with (A={1,2,3,4}), which pair definitely belongs to (R)\)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

D. ((3,4))

Step 1

Concept

For ((3,4)), (3+4=7), which is prime. The other sums (4,8,6) are not prime.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is D. ((3,4)). For ((3,4)), (3+4=7), which is prime. The other sums (4,8,6) are not prime.

Step 3

Exam Tip

((3,4)) में (3+4=7), जो prime है। बाकी दिए योग (4,8,6) prime नहीं हैं।

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यदि \(A=\{1,2,3,4,5\}\) और \(R=\{(a,b):a+b=6\}\), तो (R) किस गुण को संतुष्ट करता है?

If \(A=\{1,2,3,4,5\}\) and \(R=\{(a,b):a+b=6\}\), which property does (R) satisfy?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. सममितSymmetric

Step 1

Concept

If (a+b=6), then (b+a=6), so the relation is symmetric. But all ((a,a)) are not present, so it is not reflexive.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. सममित / Symmetric. If (a+b=6), then (b+a=6), so the relation is symmetric. But all ((a,a)) are not present, so it is not reflexive.

Step 3

Exam Tip

यदि (a+b=6), तो (b+a=6), इसलिए संबंध सममित है। लेकिन सभी ((a,a)) मौजूद नहीं हैं, इसलिए प्रतिवर्ती नहीं है।

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\(A=\{1,2,3\}\) पर \(R=\{(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(1,2),(2,1),(2,3),(3,2)\}\) है। (R) को समतुल्य संबंध बनाने के लिए कौन सा युग्म जोड़ना जरूरी है?

On \(A=\{1,2,3\}\), \(R=\{(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(1,2),(2,1),(2,3),(3,2)\}\). Which pair must be added to make (R) an equivalence relation?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ((1,3)) और ((3,1))((1,3)) and ((3,1))

Step 1

Concept

From ((1,2)) and ((2,3)), transitivity requires ((1,3)). Symmetry then also requires ((3,1)).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ((1,3)) और ((3,1)) / ((1,3)) and ((3,1)). From ((1,2)) and ((2,3)), transitivity requires ((1,3)). Symmetry then also requires ((3,1)).

Step 3

Exam Tip

((1,2)) और ((2,3)) से transitivity के लिए ((1,3)) चाहिए। सममितता के लिए ((3,1)) भी चाहिए।

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यदि \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\), \(R=\{(a,b):a+b=5\}\), तो \(R\circ R\) में कौन सा युग्म होगा?

If \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\), \(R=\{(a,b):a+b=5\}\), which pair will be in \(R\circ R\)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ((1,1))

Step 1

Concept

Since (1R4) and (4R1), \((1,1)\in R\circ R\). In composition, the middle element must match.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ((1,1)). Since (1R4) and (4R1), \((1,1)\in R\circ R\). In composition, the middle element must match.

Step 3

Exam Tip

(1R4) और (4R1), इसलिए \((1,1)\in R\circ R\) है। composition में बीच वाला अवयव समान होना चाहिए।

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यदि \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\) पर \(R=\{(a,b):a+b=5\}\), तो \(R\circ R\) किसके बराबर है?

If \(R=\{(a,b):a+b=5\}\) on \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\), what is \(R\circ R\) equal to?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(I_A\)

Step 1

Concept

This relation sends each (a) to (5-a), and applying it twice returns (a) to itself. Therefore \(R\circ R=I_A\).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. \(I_A\). This relation sends each (a) to (5-a), and applying it twice returns (a) to itself. Therefore \(R\circ R=I_A\).

Step 3

Exam Tip

यह संबंध हर (a) को (5-a) से जोड़ता है, और दो बार लगाने पर (a) फिर (a) पर लौटता है। इसलिए \(R\circ R=I_A\) है।

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