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SubjectsScience
अम्ल, क्षारक और लवण
In Class 10 Science, under the chapter Chemical Substances – Nature and Behaviour, students study acids, bases, and salts through their properties, reactions, and everyday examples. The topic explains how these substances behave with indicators and with one another, including neutralisation, and introduces the formation and practical importance of common salts.
TOPIC PRACTICE
Up to 6 questions from this page. Select your focus, then start.
Bases change red litmus paper to blue, so option A is correct. Litmus is a natural indicator: acids turn blue litmus red, whereas bases turn red litmus blue. Green is not the usual litmus result for a neutral solution. Exam tip: red litmus turning blue indicates a base.
View question detailsThe governing concept is identifying acids by their chemical formula and composition. Hydrochloric acid consists of hydrogen and chlorine in a 1:1 ratio, so its formula is HCl. When dissolved in water, it ionises to form hydrogen ions and chloride ions. H₂SO₄ is sulphuric acid, HNO₃ is nitric acid, and CH₃COOH is acetic acid. Therefore, option A is unambiguously correct.
View question detailsA solution with a pH below 7 is acidic, so ‘Acidic’ is correct. A pH of 7 indicates a neutral solution, while a pH above 7 indicates a basic solution. A pH below 7 does not necessarily mean strongly acidic; the strength depends on the actual pH value. Exam tip: Remember 7 as the neutral point on the pH scale.
View question detailsThe governing concept is identifying an ionic compound from its ions and chemical formula. Common salt is sodium chloride, formed from sodium ions, Na⁺, and chloride ions, Cl⁻, in a 1:1 ratio; therefore its neutral formula is NaCl. NaOH is sodium hydroxide, Na₂CO₃ is sodium carbonate, and HCl is hydrochloric acid. Since Na⁺ and Cl⁻ balance each other’s charges, option A is correct.
View question detailsCitric acid is the main organic acid in lemon juice and is chiefly responsible for its sour taste. Acetic acid is mainly found in vinegar, lactic acid in curd, and formic acid in ant stings. Exam tip: Associate lemons, oranges, and other citrus fruits with citric acid.
View question detailsSodium hydroxide contains sodium ions, Na⁺, and hydroxide ions, OH⁻. Their charges balance in a 1:1 ratio, giving the formula NaOH. NaCl is sodium chloride, while Na₂CO₃ is sodium carbonate. Exam tip: check a compound’s formula by balancing the charges of its positive and negative ions.
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