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Civics

How is a major policy decision taken?

महत्वपूर्ण नीतिगत निर्णय कैसे लिया जाता है?

In this Class 9 Civics topic from “Working of Institutions,” students explore how a major policy decision moves through India’s democratic institutions. Using the example of a significant government decision, they learn about the roles of the Prime Minister, Council of Ministers, civil servants, Parliament and the judiciary. The topic explains consultation, official procedures, collective responsibility, public debate and institutional checks, helping students understand how political authority is exercised and held accountable.

TOPIC PRACTICE

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Up to 20 questions from this page. Select your focus, then start.

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Expert · Level 56 · policy decision,institutional process,prime minister
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  1. It passes through the Council of Ministers, administration, and constitutional procedure
  2. It is always written in court
  3. It is made only by the Election Commission
  4. It is unrelated to Parliament
Expert · Level 56 · mandal commission,reservation,policy
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  1. Because it affected only one person
  2. Because it affected a broad reservation arrangement in government jobs
  3. Because it was only a private court order
  4. Because it had no relation with governance
Expert · Level 56 · cabinet,major decision,executive
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  1. Because the Cabinet is the main decision-making committee of the government
  2. Because the Cabinet announces election results
  3. Because the Cabinet controls courts
  4. Because the Cabinet is the opposition in Parliament
Expert · Level 56 · administrative order,implementation,policy
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  1. A formal instruction for implementation has been issued
  2. The policy has automatically ended
  3. Parliament has been dissolved
  4. Judiciary conducted elections
Expert · Level 56 · judicial review,constitution,policy
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  1. Government is above law
  2. Court makes policy instead of government
  3. Policy can be tested against Constitution and law
  4. Lok Sabha has no role
Expert · Level 56 · bureaucracy,implementation,permanent executive
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  1. Preparing technical advice, rules, and implementation arrangements
  2. Contesting Lok Sabha elections
  3. Removing judges
  4. Forming political parties
Expert · Level 56 · political executive,permanent executive,policy
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  1. Political executive decides while permanent executive assists and implements
  2. Permanent executive seeks votes from people
  3. Political executive hears court cases
  4. Both have no relation with governance
Expert · Level 56 · lok sabha,majority,policy
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  1. It gives the government political stability and support for decisions
  2. It frees the government from the Constitution
  3. Judiciary ends
  4. Council of Ministers becomes unnecessary
Expert · Level 56 · collective responsibility,cabinet solidarity
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  1. All ministers are publicly responsible for the government's decision
  2. Only one officer is responsible
  3. President becomes opposition
  4. Court implements policy
Expert · Level 56 · policy justification,process,reasoning
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  1. Because background, reasons, and process must also be understood
  2. Because orders are always false
  3. Because policy has no reason
  4. Because Parliament does not exist
Expert · Level 56 · president,council of ministers,nominal executive
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  1. Difference between nominal and real executive
  2. Supremacy of judiciary
  3. Control of state government
  4. Power of Election Commission
Expert · Level 56 · parliamentary debate,accountability,democracy
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  1. Opposition and people's representatives get a chance to raise questions
  2. Government becomes a court
  3. Elections are cancelled
  4. Policy is implemented without discussion
Expert · Level 56 · opposition,policy decisions,democratic accountability,parliamentary democracy,working of institutions
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  1. Because the opposition raises questions, critically examines policies, and presents alternative viewpoints
  2. Because the opposition is an administrative department of the government
  3. Because the opposition operates the courts
  4. Because the opposition appoints members of the Election Commission
Expert · Level 56 · public response,policy feedback
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  1. It shows acceptance and practical impact of the policy
  2. It ends the Constitution
  3. It turns judiciary into Election Commission
  4. It makes Parliament irrelevant
Expert · Level 56 · constitutional values,policy,equality
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  1. So the policy conforms to equality, justice, and rights
  2. So the policy remains only secret
  3. So elections do not occur
  4. So Parliament closes
Expert · Level 56 · policy,administration,implementation
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  1. Because policy sets direction and goals while administration implements it
  2. Because administration has no work
  3. Because policy is only one file
  4. Because administration is bigger than Parliament
Expert · Level 56 · cabinet secretariat,coordination,ministries
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  1. To coordinate decisions and information of many ministries
  2. To change Lok Sabha election results
  3. To stop court hearings
  4. To remove President's Rule
Expert · Level 56 · evidence,policy failure,information
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  1. Its impact may be wrong or unbalanced
  2. It will always succeed
  3. It will become above the Constitution
  4. It will have no effect on people
Expert · Level 56 · budget,financial resources,policy
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  1. Because implementation needs budget and funds
  2. Because money changes the Constitution
  3. Because courts never see budgets
  4. Because policy always succeeds without resources
Expert · Level 56 · media,public opinion,policy scrutiny
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  1. Forming public opinion and keeping public watch on government
  2. Writing court judgments
  3. Ending the Council of Ministers
  4. Making the President Prime Minister