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In this Class 9 Civics topic from “Working of Institutions,” students explore how a major policy decision moves through India’s democratic institutions. Using the example of a significant government decision, they learn about the roles of the Prime Minister, Council of Ministers, civil servants, Parliament and the judiciary. The topic explains consultation, official procedures, collective responsibility, public debate and institutional checks, helping students understand how political authority is exercised and held accountable.
TOPIC PRACTICE
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Up to 20 questions from this page. Select your focus, then start.
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Medium · Level 57 · majority,governmentView options
It gets no award
Media criticizes it
Governor disagrees
Loses majority in Lok Sabha
Medium · Level 57 · administration,officersView options
Providing information and implementation support
Deliver justice
Conduct elections
Elect the President
Medium · Level 57 · discussion,decision makingView options
Only for formality
For better and balanced decisions
To increase time
To create disputes
Medium · Level 57 · policy making,policy review,government decisions,civics class 9,working of institutionsView options
When the policy outcomes are not as expected
Once the policy has been implemented
Only when elections are announced
Only when a court issues an order
Medium · Level 57 · public opinion,policyView options
Policy becomes more relevant
Laws end
Elections stop
Judiciary changes
Medium · Level 57 · policy evaluation,policy effectiveness,civics,working of institutions,public policyView options
To determine how effectively the policy is meeting its objectives
To increase the number of government records
To publicise the policy in the media
To prepare issues for an election campaign
Medium · Level 57 · democracy,legitimacyView options
Discussion and consensus
Secrecy
Personal orders
Rumour
Medium · Level 57 · policy making,public welfare,good governance,civics,working of institutionsView options
Public welfare and good governance
Increasing the power of the government
Increasing political disputes
Promoting government publicity
Medium · Level 58 · cabinet,policy decision,executiveView options
Because it writes court judgments
Because it takes collective decisions on major government policies
Because it appoints all voters
Because it abolishes Parliament
Medium · Level 58 · council of ministers,political responsibility,parliamentView options
Prime Minister and Council of Ministers
Only President's secretary
Only district judge
Only media
Medium · Level 58 · Mandal Commission,reservation,major policyView options
Social justice and reservation policy
Foreign currency printing
Private marriage ceremony
Sports team selection
Medium · Level 58 · civil servants,implementation,permanent executiveView options
To implement policy administratively
To become candidates in Lok Sabha elections
To cancel laws in court
To directly elect the President
Medium · Level 58 · ministries,consultation,policy makingView options
Because different ministries have subject expertise
Because ministries only campaign in elections
Because ministries control courts
Because ministries prepare voter lists
Medium · Level 58 · parliament,debate,accountabilityView options
People's representatives can examine and debate the policy
Parliament immediately becomes a court
Voters directly write laws
Ministries are abolished
Medium · Level 58 · parliamentary opposition,policy scrutiny,democratic debate,government accountability,civics class 9View options
The policy is being scrutinised and alternative views are being considered
Democracy has ended
The judiciary is making the policy
Voting is no longer necessary
Medium · Level 58 · President,formal approval,constitutional headView options
Formal constitutional role
Party campaign role
Judicial punishment role
Voter identity role
Medium · Level 58 · Prime Minister,council of ministers,leadershipView options
Because he coordinates and leads the work of ministers
Because he selects every Lok Sabha member
Because he becomes a judge in court
Because he is governor of all states
Medium · Level 58 · bureaucracy,administrative advice,policyView options
Because it provides administrative experience and facts
Because it stops voting in elections
Because it dissolves Parliament
Because it forms political parties
Medium · Level 58 · cabinet note,policy proposal,decision makingView options
To present proposal, reasons, and effects to the Cabinet
To give voting slip to voters
To write court judgment
To print election posters
Medium · Level 58 · government order,implementation,policy decisionView options
So administration gets clear instructions
So voter list is erased
So Parliament closes
So court conducts election
Question 1MediumLevel 57
In a parliamentary democracy, a government may fall if?
Correct answer: D
In a parliamentary democracy, the government must continuously enjoy the support of a majority of elected members in the Lok Sabha. This support allows it to pass laws, approve spending, and remain in office. The Council of Ministers is responsible to the Lok Sabha, so it cannot govern normally without majority backing.
Therefore, option D is correct: the government may fall if it loses its majority in the Lok Sabha. This can happen when members leave the ruling coalition, withdraw support, or when the government loses a vote of confidence. Media criticism or disagreement from a Governor does not automatically remove a government. Losing an award has no constitutional connection with its survival.
After a policy is implemented, the government reviews its impact and outcomes. It can modify the policy if results are unsatisfactory, new issues arise, or the policy is not meeting its objectives. A court order may lead to a change, but policy modification is not limited to that situation. Exam tip: remember policy-making as a continuous process—decision, implementation, review, and revision when needed.
Policy decisions are evaluated to check whether they are achieving their stated objectives, what impact they have on people, and where improvement is needed. Merely maintaining records is not the main purpose of evaluation; findings may lead to changes in the policy. Exam tip: link evaluation with effectiveness and improvement of a policy.
What is the ultimate goal of the policy-making process?
Correct answer: A
The ultimate purpose of policy-making is to address people’s needs, protect public interest, and make governance more effective and accountable. Therefore, public welfare and good governance is the correct answer. Increasing government power or publicity may sometimes be a side effect, but it is not the main aim of public policy. Exam tip: link the purpose of every public policy with public interest and better governance.
If a policy faces opposition in Parliament what is its democratic meaning?
Correct answer: A
Opposition to a policy in Parliament is a normal and important democratic process. It allows the policy to be scrutinised, requires the government to justify its decision, and brings alternative suggestions forward. Therefore, option A is correct. Opposition does not mean that democracy has ended or that the judiciary is making the policy. Exam tip: link parliamentary opposition with debate, accountability, and scrutiny of policies.
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