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Subjects

Science

Hypothesis and experimentation

In Class 9 Science, within “Exploration: Entering the World of Secondary Science,” students learn how scientific questions can be turned into testable hypotheses. They examine the difference between an observation, an inference, and a prediction; identify variables and controls; plan fair experiments; and record evidence carefully. The topic develops skills in measuring, organizing data, interpreting results, recognizing sources of error, and drawing conclusions supported by evidence. Students also understand that experiments refine ideas rather than simply prove them.

Expert · Level 5 · 25 questions

Practice questions

01A student predicts that greater light exposure will increase plant growth. Which improvement is most necessary to make this prediction a scientific hypothesis?

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02Which statement is the null hypothesis when testing whether fertiliser increases plant height?

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03In an experiment only one plant was kept in sunlight and one in shade. What is the best way to make the conclusion more reliable?

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04If an experimental result contradicts the hypothesis what should the scientist do first?

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05Which of the following hypotheses is the most falsifiable?

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06A student wants to test the effect of temperature on germination. Which would be an appropriate control group?

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07In an experiment the amount of water was increased along with temperature. Why did the result become difficult to interpret?

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08In which situation will the validity of an experiment increase the most?

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09A student wrote that sweetened water is good for seeds. How can this be changed into a better hypothesis?

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10What is the main purpose of randomly assigning participants to groups in a fair test of a medicine?

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11Different scientists obtain similar results when they perform the same experiment using the same method. Which quality does this demonstrate?

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12Three trials produced measurements of eleven centimetres eleven point one centimetres and fifteen centimetres. What is the appropriate next step?

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13Which statement incorrectly treats correlation as causation?

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14Why is it important to decide how the outcome will be measured before conducting an experiment?

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15A student tests the effect of moisture on rusting of metal. Which result would provide the strongest support for the hypothesis?

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16If a balance shows two grams more than the true value in every measurement what type of error is this?

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17Repeated measurements are sometimes slightly high and sometimes slightly low. What is the best way to reduce this uncertainty?

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18In which experiment would a blind test be most useful?

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19In a medicine trial neither the participants nor the person recording outcomes knows who received the real medicine. What is this arrangement called?

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20What is the main scientific purpose of a placebo group?

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21Which sampling method would give the least biased conclusion about the sleeping habits of all students in a school?

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22Five groups in an experiment received different light intensities. Which graph is most suitable for viewing the relationship clearly?

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23The error ranges for two groups are very large and overlap substantially. What is the most appropriate conclusion?

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24If experimental data only partly support a hypothesis what should the scientific conclusion be?

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25The procedure was written so vaguely that another student could not repeat the experiment. Which quality of the scientific report is weak?

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