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Subjects

History

The Rise of Commercial Forestry

TOPIC PRACTICE

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Up to 20 questions from this page. Select your focus, then start.

20 questions
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Expert · Level 54 · space discipline,boundaries,controlled entry
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  1. Through boundary marking, reserved areas and controlled entry
  2. By turning all forests into open fields
  3. By making every community owner of every forest
  4. By stopping mapping
Expert · Level 54 · local ecological knowledge,imperial economy,colonial science
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  1. It was often given less importance because colonial science and market demand became dominant
  2. It became the final basis of every policy
  3. It abolished the Forest Department
  4. It ended railway timber demand
Expert · Level 54 · permit,criminalisation,fuelwood
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  1. Taking fuelwood or fodder without a permit
  2. Working in a government nursery with official permission
  3. Taking timber after paying legal fee
  4. Farming outside forest boundaries
Expert · Level 54 · forest transformation,classification,production space
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  1. From community life-space to measured, classified and controlled production space
  2. From state control to complete forest freedom
  3. From market resource to valueless forest
  4. From legal classification to informal local use
Expert · Level 54 · Forest Department,efficiency,balanced analysis
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  1. Efficiency improved timber supply but also limited local rights
  2. Efficiency had no effect on local society
  3. Efficiency gave full autonomy to all communities
  4. Efficiency ended the market
Expert · Level 54 · women,forest produce,labour
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  1. Restricted access to fuel, fodder and forest produce could increase labour and hardship
  2. They got ownership of all reserved forests
  3. They had no relation with forest resources
  4. Forest laws completely ended household labour
Expert · Level 54 · sustained supply,timber,local restrictions
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  1. It protected long-term timber production but restricted local uses
  2. It increased local ownership and reduced state control
  3. It kept forests completely untouched
  4. It ended market demand
Expert · Level 54 · railways,forest laws,timber control
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  1. Railway demand increased timber need and laws ensured control over that resource
  2. Railways completely ended forest laws
  3. Forest laws ended railway timber need
  4. Neither had any link with the colonial economy
Expert · Level 54 · colonial development,science,infrastructure
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  1. Development, science and infrastructure could grow at the cost of local rights and environmental diversity
  2. Colonial development was always based on local interests
  3. Science increased local freedom in every situation
  4. Infrastructure put no pressure on forests
Expert · Level 54 · commercial forestry,colonial control,natural resources
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  1. The colonial state brought natural resources under its control through law, science and market
  2. The colonial state made forests completely independent of local society
  3. Forest policy made both revenue and timber unimportant
  4. Scientific forestry protected all local rights unconditionally
Expert · Level 55 · scientific-management,commercial-forestry
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  1. Because timber production could be measured controlled and planned
  2. Because forests were fully given to local people
  3. Because timber demand ended
  4. Because the need for forest laws ended
Expert · Level 55 · dietrich-brandis,forest-administration
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  1. Because he gave complete freedom to local communities
  2. Because he gave institutional direction to scientific forestry
  3. Because he ended forest acts
  4. Because he stopped railway timber demand
Expert · Level 55 · indian-forest-service,state-control
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  1. Village council control
  2. Maritime trade control
  3. State run administrative control
  4. Cotton market control
Expert · Level 55 · forest-act-1865,legal-control
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  1. Because it declared all forests as seas
  2. Because it made forest products fully free for local people
  3. Because it stopped railway construction
  4. Because it gave legal basis to forest control
Expert · Level 55 · reserved-forests,forest-act-1878
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  1. Local uses could be most restricted
  2. Villagers received full ownership
  3. Forest department control decreased
  4. Timber trade ended
Expert · Level 55 · forest-categories,local-rights
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  1. Everyone received equal rights
  2. Rights and restrictions differed across categories
  3. Government connection with forests broke
  4. All forests became village forests
Expert · Level 55 · village-forests,state-law
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  1. Because village forests were also within legal categories and state system
  2. Because village forests had no trees
  3. Because village forests were always stricter than reserved forests
  4. Because village forests were sea areas
Expert · Level 55 · social-role,timber-resource
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  1. Forests changed from local multi use life spaces into controlled timber resources
  2. Forests became only centres of folk songs
  3. Forests turned into sea routes
  4. All restrictions on forests were removed
Expert · Level 55 · rows,planned-management
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  1. Giving highest value to local diversity
  2. Leaving forests unmeasured
  3. Thinking of measurable controlled and predictable production
  4. Keeping forests fully free
Expert · Level 55 · teak,biodiversity
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  1. Because teak grew in the sea
  2. Because one useful species was promoted for strong marketable timber
  3. Because teak ended forest laws
  4. Because teak increased local rights