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Subjects

History

The Rise of Commercial Forestry

TOPIC PRACTICE

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Up to 20 questions from this page. Select your focus, then start.

20 questions
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Hard · Level 54 · village forests,regulated use,forest classification
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  1. Because they were located outside forests
  2. Because their use was also under colonial rules
  3. Because no villager could enter them
  4. Because they were only for British soldiers
Hard · Level 54 · local knowledge,scientific forestry,technical planning
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  1. Local people never identified trees
  2. The colonial state was interested only in folktales
  3. Measurement records and technical planning were considered more legitimate
  4. The Forest Department did not use science
Hard · Level 54 · empty land myth,forest communities,culture
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  1. It recognised railway timber needs
  2. It underestimated market value
  3. It weakened the Forest Department
  4. It ignored local communities' economy and culture
Hard · Level 54 · law,science,forest control
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  1. Law limited rights and science planned production
  2. Law removed all restrictions and science left forests untouched
  3. Law expanded shifting cultivation and science removed the Forest Department
  4. Law closed railways and science ended markets
Hard · Level 54 · railway development,commercial forestry,colonial infrastructure
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  1. Railways made forest policy based on local autonomy
  2. Colonial infrastructure increased resource pressure and administrative control over forests
  3. Railways ended the need for timber
  4. Railways and forest policy had no relation
Hard · Level 54 · artisans,raw materials,forest rules
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  1. They received all forest products for free
  2. They were exempted from forest laws
  3. Access to wood bamboo and other raw materials was limited by rules
  4. They became Forest Department officers
Hard · Level 54 · monoculture,social impact,forest products
View options
  1. Forest communities gained full political rights
  2. All local resources automatically increased
  3. The local importance of forests completely ended
  4. Availability of diverse forest products could decline
Hard · Level 54 · Forest Acts,state power,legal control
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  1. The state's legal power over forests steadily increased
  2. The state's power over forests ended
  3. Forest communities gained majority in Parliament
  4. Revenue from forests became impossible
Hard · Level 54 · food resources,medicinal plants,timber policy
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  1. It was based on all local needs
  2. It was driven by a timber and revenue-centred view
  3. It left forests unused
  4. It was based only on folklore instead of science
Hard · Level 54 · forest fires,plantation protection,timber production
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  1. Because it was related to folk songs
  2. Because it made grazing completely free
  3. Because it also aimed to protect useful timber and plantations
  4. Because it weakened the Forest Department
Hard · Level 54 · seasonal mobility,grazing,shifting cultivation
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  1. Because communities were made owners of every forest
  2. Because railway travel was free
  3. Because scientific forestry fully adopted seasonal uses
  4. Because grazing gathering and shifting uses clashed with planned forest production
Hard · Level 54 · market demand,timber species,commercial forestry
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  1. Production of selected timber species was increased according to demand and profit
  2. All forests were kept away from markets
  3. Local consumption was made the only goal
  4. Timber was considered economically unimportant
Hard · Level 54 · Forest Department,local custom,state control
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  1. Shift from state control to complete community freedom
  2. Shift from custom-based local use to state-controlled regulated use
  3. Shift from timber production to only fruit collection
  4. Shift from legal control to unlimited shifting cultivation
Hard · Level 54 · colonial modernity,law,scientific technique
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  1. Because local freedom was supreme in it
  2. Because market and state had no role in it
  3. Because scientific technique and law were used for imperial profit
  4. Because all forests were left in natural form
Hard · Level 54 · conservation critique,revenue,timber control
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  1. Because it had no economic aim
  2. Because local rights were fully secure
  3. Because railways and ships had no role
  4. Because revenue timber supply and control were also central to it
Hard · Level 54 · reserved forests,state control,timber cutting
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  1. The aim was not to stop cutting but to control useful timber by the state
  2. The government had no need for timber
  3. Reserved forests had no trees
  4. Villagers received dividends on government timber
Hard · Level 54 · forest communities,planned timber,colonial policy
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  1. Forest communities had no relation with forests
  2. Their livelihood practices were obstacles to planned timber production
  3. They were officials of the Forest Department
  4. They were owners of railway companies
Hard · Level 54 · forest acts,colonial forestry,customary rights,forest laws,tribal communities
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  1. Traditional forest rights received unconditional legal protection
  2. The legal idea of crime in forests was abolished
  3. Old normal activities could become crimes under new laws
  4. There was no legal classification or control over forest use
Hard · Level 54 · forest laws,discontent,subsistence resources
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  1. Villagers getting all forests for free
  2. Keeping the Forest Department under local control
  3. Completely ending forest revenue
  4. Placing subsistence resources under external administrative control
Hard · Level 54 · colonial development,railways,shipbuilding
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  1. Development could occur at the cost of local life and environmental diversity
  2. Development always increased local rights
  3. Forests had no relation with development
  4. Timber demand was unimportant in development