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Class 12 Business Studies Expert Quiz

Level 91 • 50/50 questions • 25 seconds per question.

Level readiness 50/50 Questions
Time Left 20:50 25 sec/question
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Answered 0/50 Correct 0 Time 20:50

एक कंपनी ने लक्ष्य रखा कि अगले वर्ष शिकायतों को घटाना है, लेकिन उसने मापने का कोई आधार नहीं बनाया। नियोजन प्रक्रिया में सबसे बड़ी कमी क्या है?

A company set a goal to reduce complaints next year, but did not create any basis for measurement. What is the biggest weakness in the planning process?

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Correct Answer

B. उद्देश्य पर्याप्त मापनीय नहीं हैThe objective is not sufficiently measurable

Step 1

Concept

Good objectives should be clear and measurable. In exams, connect measurable objective with follow-up.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. उद्देश्य पर्याप्त मापनीय नहीं है / The objective is not sufficiently measurable. Good objectives should be clear and measurable. In exams, connect measurable objective with follow-up.

Step 3

Exam Tip

अच्छे उद्देश्य स्पष्ट और मापनीय होने चाहिए। परीक्षा में measurable objective को follow-up से जोड़ें।

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यदि प्रबंधक उद्देश्य तय करने से पहले विज्ञापन बजट और वितरण चैनल चुन लेते हैं तो क्रम में क्या गलती है?

If managers choose advertising budget and distribution channel before setting objectives, what is the mistake in sequence?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

D. उद्देश्य निर्धारण से पहले बाद के चरण शुरू कर दिए गएLater steps were started before setting objectives

Step 1

Concept

Planning starts with objectives. In sequence questions, always note the first step.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is D. उद्देश्य निर्धारण से पहले बाद के चरण शुरू कर दिए गए / Later steps were started before setting objectives. Planning starts with objectives. In sequence questions, always note the first step.

Step 3

Exam Tip

नियोजन उद्देश्य से शुरू होता है। परीक्षा में sequence questions में पहला चरण हमेशा ध्यान रखें।

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एक निर्यातक ने अगले वर्ष मांग, विनिमय दर और आयात नियमों पर अनुमान बनाए। यह नियोजन प्रक्रिया का कौन सा चरण है?

An exporter made estimates about next year's demand, exchange rate and import rules. Which step of the planning process is this?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. आधारभूत धारणाएँ विकसित करनाDeveloping premises

Step 1

Concept

Estimates of the future external environment are premises. In exams, treat exchange rate and rules as premise clues.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. आधारभूत धारणाएँ विकसित करना / Developing premises. Estimates of the future external environment are premises. In exams, treat exchange rate and rules as premise clues.

Step 3

Exam Tip

भविष्य के बाहरी वातावरण के अनुमान premises होते हैं। परीक्षा में exchange rate और rules को premises clue मानें।

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जब कई managers अलग-अलग future assumptions बनाते हैं, तो effective planning के लिए क्या जरूरी है?

When many managers make different future assumptions, what is necessary for effective planning?

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Correct Answer

C. सामान्य और साझा planning premises बनानाCreate common and shared planning premises

Step 1

Concept

Shared premises help departments plan on the same base. In exams, connect common premises with coordination.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. सामान्य और साझा planning premises बनाना / Create common and shared planning premises. Shared premises help departments plan on the same base. In exams, connect common premises with coordination.

Step 3

Exam Tip

साझा premises से departments एक ही आधार पर planning करते हैं। परीक्षा में common premises को coordination से जोड़ें।

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यदि कंपनी केवल एक strategy पर अड़ी रहती है और कोई दूसरा route नहीं सोचती, तो कौन सा चरण कमजोर है?

If a company sticks to only one strategy and does not think of another route, which step is weak?

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Correct Answer

D. वैकल्पिक कार्यवाहियों की पहचानIdentifying alternative courses of action

Step 1

Concept

Good planning searches for many possible routes. In exams, treat a single route as a weak alternatives stage.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is D. वैकल्पिक कार्यवाहियों की पहचान / Identifying alternative courses of action. Good planning searches for many possible routes. In exams, treat a single route as a weak alternatives stage.

Step 3

Exam Tip

अच्छी planning में कई संभावित रास्ते खोजे जाते हैं। परीक्षा में single route को weak alternatives stage मानें।

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एक retailer ने online sale, franchise model और pop-up store जैसे तीन रास्ते खोजे। यह किस चरण का उच्चस्तरीय उदाहरण है?

A retailer searched three routes such as online sale, franchise model and pop-up store. This is a high-level example of which step?

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Correct Answer

A. वैकल्पिक कार्यवाहियों की पहचानIdentifying alternative courses of action

Step 1

Concept

These are different courses of action to achieve a goal. In exams, identify an option list as alternatives.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. वैकल्पिक कार्यवाहियों की पहचान / Identifying alternative courses of action. These are different courses of action to achieve a goal. In exams, identify an option list as alternatives.

Step 3

Exam Tip

ये लक्ष्य पाने के अलग-अलग courses of action हैं। परीक्षा में options list को alternatives पहचानें।

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यदि किसी विकल्प में तुरंत लाभ अधिक है पर brand image को नुकसान हो सकता है, तो evaluation में क्या देखना चाहिए?

If an alternative gives high immediate profit but may harm brand image, what should be checked in evaluation?

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Correct Answer

C. वित्तीय और गैर-वित्तीय दोनों प्रभावBoth financial and non-financial effects

Step 1

Concept

Evaluation considers image, risk and feasibility along with profit. In exams, do not ignore non-financial impact.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. वित्तीय और गैर-वित्तीय दोनों प्रभाव / Both financial and non-financial effects. Evaluation considers image, risk and feasibility along with profit. In exams, do not ignore non-financial impact.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मूल्यांकन में profit के साथ image, risk और feasibility भी देखे जाते हैं। परीक्षा में non-financial impact न भूलें।

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यदि दो विकल्पों में से एक risky है लेकिन long-term growth देता है, तो manager को किस चरण में गहन analysis करना चाहिए?

If one of two alternatives is risky but gives long-term growth, in which step should the manager do deep analysis?

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Correct Answer

A. विकल्पों का मूल्यांकनEvaluating alternatives

Step 1

Concept

Risk and long-term benefit are compared in evaluation. In exams, connect risky growth options with evaluation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. विकल्पों का मूल्यांकन / Evaluating alternatives. Risk and long-term benefit are compared in evaluation. In exams, connect risky growth options with evaluation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

risk और long-term benefit की तुलना evaluation में होती है। परीक्षा में risky growth options को evaluation से जोड़ें।

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Evaluation के बाद company ने एक single option के बजाय दो strategies का मिश्रण चुना। यह किस चरण में संभव है?

After evaluation, a company selected a mix of two strategies instead of one single option. In which step is this possible?

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Correct Answer

C. सर्वश्रेष्ठ विकल्प के चयन मेंSelecting the best alternative

Step 1

Concept

The best alternative can sometimes be a combination. In exams, understand selection as a flexible final decision.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. सर्वश्रेष्ठ विकल्प के चयन में / Selecting the best alternative. The best alternative can sometimes be a combination. In exams, understand selection as a flexible final decision.

Step 3

Exam Tip

best alternative कभी-कभी combination भी हो सकता है। परीक्षा में selection को flexible final decision समझें।

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यदि प्रबंधक evaluation report के बावजूद व्यक्तिगत पसंद से योजना चुनते हैं तो planning process में कौन सी समस्या है?

If managers select a plan based on personal preference despite an evaluation report, what problem exists in the planning process?

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Correct Answer

A. selection objective analysis पर आधारित नहीं हैSelection is not based on objective analysis

Step 1

Concept

Selection should be based on evaluation. In exams, connect personal bias with weak selection.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. selection objective analysis पर आधारित नहीं है / Selection is not based on objective analysis. Selection should be based on evaluation. In exams, connect personal bias with weak selection.

Step 3

Exam Tip

selection evaluation के आधार पर होना चाहिए। परीक्षा में personal bias को कमजोर selection से जोड़ें।

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चुनी गई strategy को budget, schedule और responsibility chart में बदलना किस चरण का संकेत है?

Converting the selected strategy into budget, schedule and responsibility chart indicates which step?

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Correct Answer

B. योजना का क्रियान्वयनImplementing the plan

Step 1

Concept

Changing selected strategy into action details is implementation. In exams, treat budget and responsibility chart as action stage.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. योजना का क्रियान्वयन / Implementing the plan. Changing selected strategy into action details is implementation. In exams, treat budget and responsibility chart as action stage.

Step 3

Exam Tip

selected strategy को action details में बदलना implementation है। परीक्षा में budget और responsibility chart को action stage मानें।

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यदि plan लागू करते समय जिम्मेदारी स्पष्ट नहीं है, तो सबसे पहले कौन सा implementation risk पैदा होगा?

If responsibility is not clear during plan implementation, what implementation risk will arise first?

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Correct Answer

A. कार्य में भ्रम और accountability की कमीConfusion in work and lack of accountability

Step 1

Concept

Action becomes weak without role clarity. In exams, connect responsibility and authority with implementation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. कार्य में भ्रम और accountability की कमी / Confusion in work and lack of accountability. Action becomes weak without role clarity. In exams, connect responsibility and authority with implementation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

role clarity के बिना action कमजोर होता है। परीक्षा में responsibility और authority को implementation से जोड़ें।

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योजना लागू करने के बाद actual cost और budgeted cost की तुलना किस चरण में होगी?

After implementing a plan, comparison of actual cost and budgeted cost will happen in which step?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

D. अनुवर्ती कार्रवाईFollow-up action

Step 1

Concept

Actual and planned figures are compared in follow-up. In exams, treat cost variance as a follow-up clue.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is D. अनुवर्ती कार्रवाई / Follow-up action. Actual and planned figures are compared in follow-up. In exams, treat cost variance as a follow-up clue.

Step 3

Exam Tip

actual और planned figures की तुलना follow-up में होती है। परीक्षा में cost variance को follow-up clue मानें।

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यदि follow-up में पता चले कि original demand assumption गलत थी, तो सही managerial response क्या होगा?

If follow-up shows that the original demand assumption was wrong, what is the correct managerial response?

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A. योजना में आवश्यक correction और premises revision करनाMake necessary correction and revise premises

Step 1

Concept

When wrong premises are found, the plan should be corrected. In exams, connect follow-up with feedback and revision.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. योजना में आवश्यक correction और premises revision करना / Make necessary correction and revise premises. When wrong premises are found, the plan should be corrected. In exams, connect follow-up with feedback and revision.

Step 3

Exam Tip

गलत premises मिलने पर योजना सुधारनी चाहिए। परीक्षा में follow-up को feedback और revision से जोड़ें।

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एक कंपनी ने objective तय किया, premises बनाए, alternatives खोजे और उनका evaluation किया। अगला step क्या होना चाहिए?

A company set objectives, developed premises, identified alternatives and evaluated them. What should be the next step?

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A. सर्वश्रेष्ठ विकल्प का चयनSelecting the best alternative

Step 1

Concept

After evaluation, the best alternative is selected. In sequence questions, write selection after evaluation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. सर्वश्रेष्ठ विकल्प का चयन / Selecting the best alternative. After evaluation, the best alternative is selected. In sequence questions, write selection after evaluation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

evaluation के बाद best alternative चुना जाता है। परीक्षा में क्रम वाले प्रश्नों में evaluation के बाद selection लिखें।

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यदि manager selected alternative को action में बदलने से पहले ही results की समीक्षा करने लगे, तो क्रम में क्या गलती है?

If a manager starts reviewing results before converting the selected alternative into action, what is the sequence error?

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A. follow-up implementation से पहले किया जा रहा हैFollow-up is being done before implementation

Step 1

Concept

Follow-up happens after implementation. In exams, place final review after action.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. follow-up implementation से पहले किया जा रहा है / Follow-up is being done before implementation. Follow-up happens after implementation. In exams, place final review after action.

Step 3

Exam Tip

follow-up implementation के बाद होता है। परीक्षा में final review को action के बाद रखें।

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किस चरण में assumptions को पूरे संगठन में communicate करना सबसे ज्यादा उपयोगी होता है?

In which step is communicating assumptions across the organisation most useful?

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Correct Answer

B. आधारभूत धारणाएँ विकसित करनाDeveloping premises

Step 1

Concept

Common premises give the same base to all departments. In exams, connect premise communication with coordination.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. आधारभूत धारणाएँ विकसित करना / Developing premises. Common premises give the same base to all departments. In exams, connect premise communication with coordination.

Step 3

Exam Tip

common premises सभी departments को समान आधार देते हैं। परीक्षा में premises communication को coordination से जोड़ें।

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यदि उद्देश्य बहुत ambitious है और resources बहुत कम हैं, तो planning process में किस stage पर यह mismatch पकड़ा जाना चाहिए?

If the objective is very ambitious and resources are very limited, at which stage should this mismatch be identified?

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Correct Answer

C. विकल्पों के मूल्यांकन मेंDuring evaluation of alternatives

Step 1

Concept

Resources and feasibility are checked in evaluation. In exams, connect mismatch with evaluation stage.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. विकल्पों के मूल्यांकन में / During evaluation of alternatives. Resources and feasibility are checked in evaluation. In exams, connect mismatch with evaluation stage.

Step 3

Exam Tip

resources और feasibility evaluation में देखे जाते हैं। परीक्षा में mismatch को evaluation stage से जोड़ें।

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यदि objective तय करते समय market share, profit और service quality तीनों को संतुलित किया गया, तो यह क्यों बेहतर है?

If market share, profit and service quality are balanced while setting objectives, why is this better?

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Correct Answer

A. क्योंकि balanced objectives later evaluation और follow-up को meaningful बनाते हैंBecause balanced objectives make later evaluation and follow-up meaningful

Step 1

Concept

Balanced objectives avoid narrow planning. In exams, connect multiple performance standards with good objectives.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. क्योंकि balanced objectives later evaluation और follow-up को meaningful बनाते हैं / Because balanced objectives make later evaluation and follow-up meaningful. Balanced objectives avoid narrow planning. In exams, connect multiple performance standards with good objectives.

Step 3

Exam Tip

संतुलित उद्देश्य narrow planning से बचाते हैं। परीक्षा में multiple performance standards को अच्छे objective से जोड़ें।

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यदि actual result target से बेहतर है, तब भी follow-up क्यों जरूरी है?

If actual result is better than target, why is follow-up still necessary?

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D. क्योंकि सफलता के कारण पहचानकर future planning बेहतर की जा सकती हैBecause causes of success can be identified to improve future planning

Step 1

Concept

Follow-up is not only for finding mistakes. In exams, also treat review as a learning process.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is D. क्योंकि सफलता के कारण पहचानकर future planning बेहतर की जा सकती है / Because causes of success can be identified to improve future planning. Follow-up is not only for finding mistakes. In exams, also treat review as a learning process.

Step 3

Exam Tip

follow-up केवल गलती ढूँढने के लिए नहीं है। परीक्षा में review को learning process भी मानें।

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जब planning team पहले scenario बनाती है जैसे demand high, normal और low हो सकती है, तो यह किस चरण का advanced use है?

When a planning team first creates scenarios such as demand may be high, normal and low, this is an advanced use of which step?

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Correct Answer

B. आधारभूत धारणाएँ विकसित करनाDeveloping premises

Step 1

Concept

Scenario planning is an advanced form of future assumptions. In exams, connect demand scenarios with premises.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. आधारभूत धारणाएँ विकसित करना / Developing premises. Scenario planning is an advanced form of future assumptions. In exams, connect demand scenarios with premises.

Step 3

Exam Tip

scenario planning future assumptions का advanced रूप है। परीक्षा में demand scenarios को premises से जोड़ें।

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यदि company competitor reaction को premises में शामिल नहीं करती, तो कौन सा later step सबसे ज्यादा प्रभावित होगा?

If a company does not include competitor reaction in premises, which later step will be most affected?

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Correct Answer

A. विकल्पों का मूल्यांकन और चयनEvaluation and selection of alternatives

Step 1

Concept

Wrong premises can also make comparison of alternatives wrong. In exams, see the impact of premises on later decisions.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. विकल्पों का मूल्यांकन और चयन / Evaluation and selection of alternatives. Wrong premises can also make comparison of alternatives wrong. In exams, see the impact of premises on later decisions.

Step 3

Exam Tip

गलत premises से alternatives की तुलना भी गलत हो सकती है। परीक्षा में premises का impact later decisions पर देखें।

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यदि management best alternative चुनते समय ethical impact नहीं देखती, तो कौन सा planning step कमजोर हुआ?

If management does not check ethical impact while selecting the best alternative, which planning step became weak?

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Correct Answer

B. विकल्पों का मूल्यांकनEvaluation of alternatives

Step 1

Concept

Ethical impact can also be part of evaluation. In exams, do not limit evaluation only to profit.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. विकल्पों का मूल्यांकन / Evaluation of alternatives. Ethical impact can also be part of evaluation. In exams, do not limit evaluation only to profit.

Step 3

Exam Tip

ethical impact भी evaluation का हिस्सा हो सकता है। परीक्षा में evaluation को केवल profit तक सीमित न करें।

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यदि चुनी गई योजना के लिए derivative plans जैसे budget और programme नहीं बनाए गए, तो क्या समस्या होगी?

If derivative plans such as budget and programme are not prepared for the selected plan, what problem will occur?

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A. implementation अस्पष्ट और कमजोर हो सकता हैImplementation may become unclear and weak

Step 1

Concept

Derivative plans clarify action. In exams, treat budgets and programmes as implementation support.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. implementation अस्पष्ट और कमजोर हो सकता है / Implementation may become unclear and weak. Derivative plans clarify action. In exams, treat budgets and programmes as implementation support.

Step 3

Exam Tip

derivative plans action को स्पष्ट करते हैं। परीक्षा में budgets और programmes को implementation support मानें।

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यदि planning process में follow-up से मिली feedback को next planning cycle में use किया जाए, तो planning की कौन सी nature दिखती है?

If feedback from follow-up is used in the next planning cycle, which nature of planning is shown?

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B. Planning निरंतर और सीखने वाली प्रक्रिया हैPlanning is a continuous and learning process

Step 1

Concept

Feedback improves future planning. In exams, understand continuous process through follow-up.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. Planning निरंतर और सीखने वाली प्रक्रिया है / Planning is a continuous and learning process. Feedback improves future planning. In exams, understand continuous process through follow-up.

Step 3

Exam Tip

feedback future planning को सुधारता है। परीक्षा में follow-up से continuous process को समझें।

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यदि objective clear है लेकिन deadline नहीं है, तो follow-up में कौन सी कठिनाई आएगी?

If the objective is clear but has no deadline, what difficulty will occur in follow-up?

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A. समय के आधार पर progress मापना कठिन होगाIt will be difficult to measure progress on the basis of time

Step 1

Concept

A deadline helps follow-up and control. In exams, write time-bound objective as important.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. समय के आधार पर progress मापना कठिन होगा / It will be difficult to measure progress on the basis of time. A deadline helps follow-up and control. In exams, write time-bound objective as important.

Step 3

Exam Tip

deadline follow-up और control में मदद करती है। परीक्षा में time-bound objective को महत्वपूर्ण लिखें।

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यदि manager सबसे पहले यह पूछता है कि हमें exactly क्या पाना है, तो वह किस step पर focus कर रहा है?

If a manager first asks what exactly we have to achieve, which step is being focused on?

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C. उद्देश्य निर्धारित करनाSetting objectives

Step 1

Concept

What to achieve is related to objectives. In exams, treat what to achieve as objective setting.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. उद्देश्य निर्धारित करना / Setting objectives. What to achieve is related to objectives. In exams, treat what to achieve as objective setting.

Step 3

Exam Tip

क्या पाना है यह objectives से जुड़ा है। परीक्षा में what to achieve को objective setting मानें।

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यदि planning team पूछती है कि इन assumptions के गलत होने पर क्या होगा, तो यह किस skill को मजबूत करती है?

If a planning team asks what will happen if these assumptions go wrong, which skill does it strengthen?

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D. premises की जांच और contingency thinkingTesting premises and contingency thinking

Step 1

Concept

Testing assumptions strengthens planning. In exams, understand premises testing as advanced planning.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is D. premises की जांच और contingency thinking / Testing premises and contingency thinking. Testing assumptions strengthens planning. In exams, understand premises testing as advanced planning.

Step 3

Exam Tip

assumptions की जांच planning को मजबूत बनाती है। परीक्षा में premises testing को advanced planning समझें।

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यदि विकल्पों की खोज में employees, customers और suppliers से ideas लिए गए, तो planning process पर क्या प्रभाव पड़ेगा?

If ideas are taken from employees, customers and suppliers while searching alternatives, what will be the effect on the planning process?

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A. alternatives अधिक व्यावहारिक और व्यापक हो सकते हैंAlternatives may become more practical and broad

Step 1

Concept

Better alternatives may come from diverse sources. In exams, connect participative search with alternatives stage.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. alternatives अधिक व्यावहारिक और व्यापक हो सकते हैं / Alternatives may become more practical and broad. Better alternatives may come from diverse sources. In exams, connect participative search with alternatives stage.

Step 3

Exam Tip

विविध स्रोतों से बेहतर विकल्प मिल सकते हैं। परीक्षा में participative search को alternatives stage से जोड़ें।

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यदि selected option profitable है पर organisation की policy के विपरीत है, तो कौन सा step उसे रोकना चाहिए?

If the selected option is profitable but against the organisation's policy, which step should stop it?

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Correct Answer

B. विकल्पों का मूल्यांकनEvaluation of alternatives

Step 1

Concept

Policy fit is an important evaluation criterion. In exams, treat profitable but unsuitable option as an evaluation issue.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. विकल्पों का मूल्यांकन / Evaluation of alternatives. Policy fit is an important evaluation criterion. In exams, treat profitable but unsuitable option as an evaluation issue.

Step 3

Exam Tip

policy fit evaluation का महत्वपूर्ण criterion है। परीक्षा में profitable but unsuitable option को evaluation issue मानें।

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यदि company ने plan लागू किया लेकिन employees को training नहीं दी, तो कौन सा implementation component missing है?

If a company implemented a plan but did not train employees, which implementation component is missing?

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C. resource and capability preparation

Step 1

Concept

Training makes implementation practical. In exams, connect employee capability with the action stage.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. resource and capability preparation. Training makes implementation practical. In exams, connect employee capability with the action stage.

Step 3

Exam Tip

training implementation को practical बनाती है। परीक्षा में employee capability को action stage से जोड़ें।

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यदि follow-up में deviation दिखे लेकिन कोई corrective action न लिया जाए, तो follow-up क्यों अधूरा है?

If deviation appears in follow-up but no corrective action is taken, why is follow-up incomplete?

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A. क्योंकि follow-up केवल report नहीं, correction भी हैBecause follow-up is not only reporting but also correction

Step 1

Concept

The purpose of follow-up also includes correction. In exams, write corrective action with review.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. क्योंकि follow-up केवल report नहीं, correction भी है / Because follow-up is not only reporting but also correction. The purpose of follow-up also includes correction. In exams, write corrective action with review.

Step 3

Exam Tip

follow-up का उद्देश्य सुधार भी है। परीक्षा में review के साथ corrective action जरूर लिखें।

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एक कंपनी ने पहले customers की needs समझीं, फिर objective तय किया। यह planning process में क्या सुधार करता है?

A company first understood customer needs and then set the objective. What does this improve in the planning process?

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A. objective अधिक realistic और relevant बनता हैThe objective becomes more realistic and relevant

Step 1

Concept

Market understanding makes objectives better. In exams, connect customer need with objective quality.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. objective अधिक realistic और relevant बनता है / The objective becomes more realistic and relevant. Market understanding makes objectives better. In exams, connect customer need with objective quality.

Step 3

Exam Tip

market understanding से उद्देश्य बेहतर बनते हैं। परीक्षा में customer need को objective quality से जोड़ें।

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यदि planning premises बहुत optimistic हों, तो कौन सा danger हो सकता है?

If planning premises are too optimistic, what danger may occur?

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C. targets और resources का अनुमान अव्यावहारिक हो सकता हैEstimation of targets and resources may become impractical

Step 1

Concept

Too optimistic assumptions can make planning unrealistic. In exams, treat realism of premises as important.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. targets और resources का अनुमान अव्यावहारिक हो सकता है / Estimation of targets and resources may become impractical. Too optimistic assumptions can make planning unrealistic. In exams, treat realism of premises as important.

Step 3

Exam Tip

बहुत आशावादी assumptions योजना को अवास्तविक बना सकती हैं। परीक्षा में premises realism को महत्वपूर्ण मानें।

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यदि alternatives evaluate करते समय cash flow effect नहीं देखा गया, तो कौन सा practical factor छूट गया?

If cash flow effect is not checked while evaluating alternatives, which practical factor is missed?

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B. वित्तीय व्यवहार्यताFinancial feasibility

Step 1

Concept

Cash flow is linked with financial feasibility. In exams, check liquidity and cost in evaluation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. वित्तीय व्यवहार्यता / Financial feasibility. Cash flow is linked with financial feasibility. In exams, check liquidity and cost in evaluation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

cash flow financial feasibility से जुड़ा है। परीक्षा में evaluation में liquidity और cost भी देखें।

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यदि selection करते समय manager short-term profit और long-term reputation में संतुलन बनाता है, तो कौन सी quality दिखती है?

If a manager balances short-term profit and long-term reputation while selecting, which quality is shown?

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A. संतुलित निर्णयBalanced decision-making

Step 1

Concept

Good selection does not see only immediate profit. In exams, include long-term impact in selection.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. संतुलित निर्णय / Balanced decision-making. Good selection does not see only immediate profit. In exams, include long-term impact in selection.

Step 3

Exam Tip

अच्छा selection केवल immediate profit नहीं देखता। परीक्षा में long-term impact को selection में शामिल करें।

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यदि implementation के दौरान departments को अलग-अलग instructions मिलें, तो planning process की कौन सी जरूरत कमजोर है?

If departments receive different instructions during implementation, which need of the planning process is weak?

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B. communication and coordination

Step 1

Concept

Clear communication and coordination are necessary in implementation. In exams, treat different instructions as an implementation problem.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. communication and coordination. Clear communication and coordination are necessary in implementation. In exams, treat different instructions as an implementation problem.

Step 3

Exam Tip

implementation में clear communication और coordination जरूरी हैं। परीक्षा में अलग instructions को implementation problem मानें।

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यदि plan की progress केवल साल के अंत में देखी जाए, तो कौन सा risk बढ़ता है?

If progress of a plan is checked only at the end of the year, which risk increases?

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A. गलती समय पर सुधारने का अवसर छूट सकता हैOpportunity to correct mistakes on time may be missed

Step 1

Concept

Periodic review enables timely correction. In exams, understand continuous follow-up as necessary.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. गलती समय पर सुधारने का अवसर छूट सकता है / Opportunity to correct mistakes on time may be missed. Periodic review enables timely correction. In exams, understand continuous follow-up as necessary.

Step 3

Exam Tip

periodic review से समय पर सुधार होता है। परीक्षा में continuous follow-up को जरूरी समझें।

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यदि company target achieve कर लेती है लेकिन customer satisfaction गिरती है, तो follow-up में क्या सीख मिलेगी?

If a company achieves the target but customer satisfaction falls, what learning will come in follow-up?

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C. performance को multiple standards से देखना चाहिएPerformance should be checked through multiple standards

Step 1

Concept

One standard alone does not give the full performance picture. In exams, write balanced review.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. performance को multiple standards से देखना चाहिए / Performance should be checked through multiple standards. One standard alone does not give the full performance picture. In exams, write balanced review.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सिर्फ एक standard से performance की पूरी तस्वीर नहीं मिलती। परीक्षा में balanced review लिखें।

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यदि planning process में objective और premises दोनों clear हैं, तो alternatives की quality पर क्या प्रभाव पड़ेगा?

If both objectives and premises are clear in the planning process, what will be the effect on quality of alternatives?

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Correct Answer

A. alternatives अधिक focused और practical बनेंगेAlternatives will become more focused and practical

Step 1

Concept

Clear objectives and realistic premises create better alternatives. In exams, see the impact of early steps on later steps.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. alternatives अधिक focused और practical बनेंगे / Alternatives will become more focused and practical. Clear objectives and realistic premises create better alternatives. In exams, see the impact of early steps on later steps.

Step 3

Exam Tip

clear objective और realistic premises बेहतर alternatives बनाते हैं। परीक्षा में early steps का impact later steps पर देखें।

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यदि एक विकल्प legal है लेकिन social backlash ला सकता है, तो evaluation में क्या शामिल होना चाहिए?

If an alternative is legal but can bring social backlash, what should be included in evaluation?

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Correct Answer

B. सामाजिक प्रतिक्रिया और reputation riskSocial response and reputation risk

Step 1

Concept

Social impact can also be checked in evaluation. In exams, treat legality and acceptability separately.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. सामाजिक प्रतिक्रिया और reputation risk / Social response and reputation risk. Social impact can also be checked in evaluation. In exams, treat legality and acceptability separately.

Step 3

Exam Tip

evaluation में social impact भी देखा जा सकता है। परीक्षा में legality और acceptability को अलग मानें।

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यदि selected plan को लागू करने के लिए authority तो दी गई लेकिन resources नहीं दिए गए, तो क्या होगा?

If authority is given for implementing the selected plan but resources are not provided, what will happen?

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A. implementation practical रूप से कमजोर रहेगाImplementation will remain practically weak

Step 1

Concept

Resources are needed along with authority. In exams, remember authority, responsibility and resources in implementation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. implementation practical रूप से कमजोर रहेगा / Implementation will remain practically weak. Resources are needed along with authority. In exams, remember authority, responsibility and resources in implementation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

authority के साथ resources भी चाहिए। परीक्षा में implementation में authority responsibility और resources तीनों याद रखें।

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यदि follow-up report में बार-बार same deviation दिखे, तो manager को क्या करना चाहिए?

If the same deviation appears repeatedly in follow-up reports, what should the manager do?

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C. root cause analysis और corrective action करना चाहिएDo root cause analysis and corrective action

Step 1

Concept

Repeated deviation indicates a root cause. In exams, write deeper correction for repeated deviation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. root cause analysis और corrective action करना चाहिए / Do root cause analysis and corrective action. Repeated deviation indicates a root cause. In exams, write deeper correction for repeated deviation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

बार-बार deviation root cause की ओर संकेत करता है। परीक्षा में repeated deviation पर deeper correction लिखें।

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यदि objectives लिखे गए हैं लेकिन उन्हें department-wise targets में नहीं बदला गया, तो कौन सा stage प्रभावित होगा?

If objectives are written but not converted into department-wise targets, which stage will be affected?

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C. योजना का क्रियान्वयनImplementation of the plan

Step 1

Concept

Department-wise targets clarify action. In exams, connect converting broad objectives into actionable plans with implementation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. योजना का क्रियान्वयन / Implementation of the plan. Department-wise targets clarify action. In exams, connect converting broad objectives into actionable plans with implementation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

department-wise targets action को स्पष्ट करते हैं। परीक्षा में broad objective को actionable plan में बदलना implementation से जोड़ें।

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यदि planning में कोई alternative चुना गया पर उसका opportunity cost नहीं देखा गया, तो कौन सा analysis अधूरा है?

If an alternative is chosen in planning but its opportunity cost is not checked, which analysis is incomplete?

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Correct Answer

D. विकल्पों का मूल्यांकनEvaluation of alternatives

Step 1

Concept

Opportunity cost can be part of alternative evaluation. In exams, check hidden cost also in evaluation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is D. विकल्पों का मूल्यांकन / Evaluation of alternatives. Opportunity cost can be part of alternative evaluation. In exams, check hidden cost also in evaluation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

opportunity cost alternative evaluation का हिस्सा हो सकता है। परीक्षा में hidden cost को भी evaluation में देखें।

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यदि plan बनाते समय competitor, customer और cost premises अलग-अलग departments में अलग हैं, तो क्या जोखिम है?

If competitor, customer and cost premises differ across departments while planning, what risk exists?

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A. departments असंगत plans बना सकते हैंDepartments may make inconsistent plans

Step 1

Concept

Lack of common premises creates inconsistent planning. In exams, connect shared assumptions with coordination.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. departments असंगत plans बना सकते हैं / Departments may make inconsistent plans. Lack of common premises creates inconsistent planning. In exams, connect shared assumptions with coordination.

Step 3

Exam Tip

common premises की कमी से inconsistent planning होती है। परीक्षा में shared assumptions को coordination से जोड़ें।

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यदि manager कहता है कि हमने best plan चुन लिया है इसलिए review की जरूरत नहीं, तो कौन सी misunderstanding है?

If a manager says that we selected the best plan so review is not needed, what is the misunderstanding?

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A. selection के बाद भी implementation और follow-up जरूरी हैंImplementation and follow-up are needed even after selection

Step 1

Concept

Even the best plan needs review in changing conditions. In exams, do not consider planning process finished at selection.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. selection के बाद भी implementation और follow-up जरूरी हैं / Implementation and follow-up are needed even after selection. Even the best plan needs review in changing conditions. In exams, do not consider planning process finished at selection.

Step 3

Exam Tip

best plan भी बदलती स्थिति में review चाहता है। परीक्षा में planning process को selection पर समाप्त न मानें।

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यदि किसी plan में clear objective और strong premises हैं लेकिन alternatives कमजोर हैं, तो best decision पर क्या असर होगा?

If a plan has clear objective and strong premises but weak alternatives, what will be the effect on the best decision?

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A. decision quality सीमित हो सकती हैDecision quality may become limited

Step 1

Concept

Decision also depends on quality of alternatives. In exams, understand the importance of every stage.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. decision quality सीमित हो सकती है / Decision quality may become limited. Decision also depends on quality of alternatives. In exams, understand the importance of every stage.

Step 3

Exam Tip

decision alternatives की quality पर भी निर्भर करता है। परीक्षा में हर stage की importance समझें।

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नियोजन प्रक्रिया पर expert conclusion कौन सा है?

Which is the expert conclusion on the planning process?

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Correct Answer

B. यह objectives से शुरू होकर premises, alternatives, evaluation, selection, implementation और follow-up तक चलने वाली logical process हैIt is a logical process from objectives to premises, alternatives, evaluation, selection, implementation and follow-up

Step 1

Concept

The planning process is systematic and logical. In exams, write the full sequence in correct order.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. यह objectives से शुरू होकर premises, alternatives, evaluation, selection, implementation और follow-up तक चलने वाली logical process है / It is a logical process from objectives to premises, alternatives, evaluation, selection, implementation and follow-up. The planning process is systematic and logical. In exams, write the full sequence in correct order.

Step 3

Exam Tip

planning process क्रमबद्ध और logical होती है। परीक्षा में पूरा sequence सही क्रम में लिखें।

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यदि follow-up में पता चले कि plan सफल है लेकिन premises अब बदल चुकी हैं, तो manager को क्या करना चाहिए?

If follow-up shows that the plan is successful but the premises have now changed, what should the manager do?

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Correct Answer

A. बदली हुई premises के आधार पर योजना की समीक्षा और संशोधन करनाReview and revise the plan on the basis of changed premises

Step 1

Concept

When premises change, even a successful plan needs review. In exams, connect follow-up with feedback and future adjustment.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. बदली हुई premises के आधार पर योजना की समीक्षा और संशोधन करना / Review and revise the plan on the basis of changed premises. When premises change, even a successful plan needs review. In exams, connect follow-up with feedback and future adjustment.

Step 3

Exam Tip

premises बदलने पर सफल plan भी review मांगता है। परीक्षा में follow-up को feedback और future adjustment से जोड़ें।

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