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Subjects

History

Forest Transformations in Java

TOPIC PRACTICE

Quiz this set

Up to 20 questions from this page. Select your focus, then start.

20 questions
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Expert · Level 61 · state claim,civic status,permission
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  1. They became subordinate subjects needing permission even in their customary spaces
  2. They became full policy-makers
  3. They became equal officers of the forest department
  4. They became private owners of forests
Expert · Level 61 · teak transport,organised labour,java
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  1. Because heavy timber required organised labour for cutting, collecting and transport
  2. Because teak moved to ports by air on its own
  3. Because the Dutch ignored transport
  4. Because timber had no market
Expert · Level 61 · grazing,household economy,java
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  1. Because it affected manure, farming, livestock and household economy together
  2. Because grazing had no link with village life
  3. Because only wild animals were affected
  4. Because grazing bans increased all farmers' income
Expert · Level 61 · law,morality,samin,forest rights
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  1. What villagers morally saw as community right was declared illegal by law
  2. Law fully recognised every custom
  3. Both morality and law rejected Dutch taxes
  4. Villagers never made moral claims
Expert · Level 61 · long term impact,autonomy,state dependence
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  1. Community autonomy declined and dependence on the state increased
  2. Village communities became fully independent republics
  3. The forest department became villagers' private organisation
  4. Local society saw no change
Expert · Level 61 · samin followers,fines,resistance
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  1. Moral rejection of colonial forest laws
  2. Acceptance of forest department jobs
  3. Support for Dutch export policy
  4. Renouncing local rights
Expert · Level 61 · revenue,forest control,java
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  1. Timber, taxes, fines and labour could be administratively controlled
  2. The state gave up all income sources
  3. Villagers received full right to collect revenue
  4. Forest areas went outside revenue control
Expert · Level 61 · village labour,restricted access,dutch policy
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  1. Because they wanted useful labour, not local rights
  2. Because villagers had complete freedom in forests
  3. Because the Dutch did not need timber
  4. Because wages were always very high
Expert · Level 61 · resource sharing,community,java forests
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  1. Sharing traditions weakened under state permission and prohibition
  2. All sharing rules became more free
  3. No rules remained on resource use
  4. Sharing was limited only among Dutch officials
Expert · Level 61 · beneficiaries,colonial interests,java
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  1. More for colonial state and commercial interests, less for local communities
  2. Only for the benefit of local farmers
  3. Only for religious ascetics
  4. For no one, the change was natural
Expert · Level 61 · historical sources,local memory,state records
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  1. State records show control, while local memory reveals rights and loss
  2. Both always say exactly the same thing
  3. Local memory is useless for history
  4. State records were unrelated to forests
Expert · Level 61 · centralisation,forest management,local decisions
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  1. Village decisions became dependent on forest department permission
  2. Villages began commanding the forest department
  3. All decisions moved into private family hands
  4. The centre had no relation with forests
Expert · Level 61 · state building,colonial administration,java forests
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  1. Because it strengthened law, departments, revenue and labour control
  2. Because it ended the role of the state
  3. Because forests remained outside politics
  4. Because villagers made Dutch laws
Expert · Level 61 · forest use,export,shipbuilding,revenue
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  1. Export, construction, ships and state revenue
  2. Only household hearth use
  3. Only children's play
  4. Complete non-use
Expert · Level 61 · women,children,minor forest produce
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  1. Because collecting fuel, leaves, fodder and minor forest products was linked to household life
  2. Because they were only forest officers
  3. Because forest resources were not used in homes
  4. Because restrictions applied only to soldiers
Expert · Level 61 · history from below,villagers,forest control
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  1. How villagers experienced control, taxes and labour demands
  2. What uniform Dutch officials wore
  3. What colour teak wood had
  4. Which sea was nearest
Expert · Level 61 · economic motive,controlled cutting,timber supply
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  1. Controlled cutting ensured timber supply and income for the state
  2. The rules ended timber demand
  3. The state equally distributed forest income among villagers
  4. Timber was removed from trade
Expert · Level 61 · teak,kalangs,samin,forest conflict
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  1. They show three linked aspects of resource, labour and resistance
  2. All three were only religious groups
  3. All were Dutch forest officers
  4. They had no relation with forests
Expert · Level 61 · policy evaluation,colonial gains,local rights
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  1. It spoke of forest protection but reduced local rights and increased colonial gains
  2. It fully expanded local self-government
  3. It left forests without any rules
  4. It had no relation with labour and revenue
Expert · Level 61 · colonial history,nature,labour,society
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  1. Colonial rule reorganised nature, labour and society together
  2. Colonial rule was limited only to wars
  3. Forests cannot be a subject of history
  4. Local communities always benefited from colonial policy