Class 12 Mathematics - Relations and Functions - Relations Hard Quiz

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समुच्चय \(A=\{1,2,3,4,5,6\}\) पर (aRb) तभी जब (\gcd(a,6)=\gcd(b,6))। (4) का तुल्यता वर्ग कौन सा है?

On \(A=\{1,2,3,4,5,6\}\), (aRb) if (\gcd(a,6)=\gcd(b,6)). What is the equivalence class of (4)?

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Correct Answer

A. ({2,4})

Step 1

Concept

(\gcd(4,6)=2).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

In (A), the elements whose gcd with (6) is (2) are (2) and (4).

Step 3

Exam Tip

First compute the assigned value, then collect elements with the same value. चरण 1: (\gcd(4,6)=2) है। चरण 2: (A) में जिन अवयवों का (6) के साथ महत्तम समापवर्तक (2) है, वे (2) और (4) हैं। चरण 3: पहले दिए गए फलन जैसा मान निकालें, फिर समान मान वाले अवयव चुनें।

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यदि (R) और (S) दोनों किसी समुच्चय (A) पर तुल्यता संबंध हैं, तो \(R\cap S\) के बारे में सही कथन कौन सा है?

If (R) and (S) are both equivalence relations on a set (A), which statement about \(R\cap S\) is correct?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. यह हमेशा तुल्यता संबंध हैIt is always an equivalence relation

Step 1

Concept

Both relations contain every ((a,a)), so the intersection does too.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

Symmetry and transitivity are preserved in the intersection.

Step 3

Exam Tip

The intersection of two equivalence relations is again an equivalence relation. चरण 1: दोनों संबंधों में हर ((a,a)) होता है, इसलिए प्रतिच्छेद में भी होगा। चरण 2: दोनों में सममिति और संक्रामकता होने से समान गुण प्रतिच्छेद में बचे रहते हैं। चरण 3: दो तुल्यता संबंधों का प्रतिच्छेद फिर तुल्यता संबंध होता है।

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समुच्चय \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\) पर कितने अलग-अलग तुल्यता संबंध संभव हैं जिनके ठीक दो तुल्यता वर्ग हों?

On \(A=\{1,2,3,4\}\), how many distinct equivalence relations are possible with exactly two equivalence classes?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. (7)

Step 1

Concept

Exactly two equivalence classes mean splitting (A) into two non-empty blocks.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The number of ways to divide (4) elements into two unnamed non-empty blocks is (7).

Step 3

Exam Tip

Counting equivalence relations is the same as counting partitions. चरण 1: ठीक दो तुल्यता वर्गों का अर्थ है (A) को दो अरिक्त भागों में बांटना। चरण 2: (4) अवयवों को दो अरिक्त अनाम समूहों में बांटने के तरीके (7) हैं। चरण 3: तुल्यता संबंधों की गिनती विभाजनों की गिनती से जुड़ी होती है।

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