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Class 11 Biotechnology - Processes Of Recombinant Dna Technology - Cutting of DNA Easy Quiz

Level 53 • 50/50 questions • 40 seconds per question.

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Restriction digestion के बाद ligation के लिए सबसे जरूरी DNA feature क्या है?

What is the most important DNA feature for ligation after restriction digestion?

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A. compatible clean ends

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Compatible clean ends ligase को joining में मदद करते हैं। Impurities ligation को रोक सकती हैं। / Compatible clean ends help ligase in joining. Impurities can block ligation.

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Restriction cut vector को ligation से पहले purify क्यों करते हैं?

Why is a restriction-cut vector purified before ligation?

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A. buffer enzyme और small fragments हटाने के लिएTo remove buffer enzyme and small fragments

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Purification ligation inhibitors कम करती है। Clean vector ends recombinant DNA formation में मदद करते हैं। / Purification reduces ligation inhibitors. Clean vector ends help recombinant DNA formation.

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Restriction cut insert को purify करने का मुख्य कारण क्या है?

What is the main reason for purifying a restriction-cut insert?

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A. desired fragment को unwanted DNA से अलग करनाTo separate desired fragment from unwanted DNA

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Insert purification unwanted fragments और salts हटाती है। इससे ligation specificity बेहतर होती है। / Insert purification removes unwanted fragments and salts. This improves ligation specificity.

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Restriction digestion के बाद insert और vector ratio क्यों set किया जाता है?

Why is insert and vector ratio set after restriction digestion?

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A. recombinant ligation chance बढ़ाने के लिएTo increase chance of recombinant ligation

Explanation

Simple Explanation

सही insert-vector ratio recombinant clones बढ़ा सकता है। बहुत गलत ratio cloning efficiency घटा सकता है। / Correct insert-vector ratio can increase recombinant clones. A very wrong ratio can reduce cloning efficiency.

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Vector self-ligation का अर्थ क्या है?

What does vector self-ligation mean?

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A. vector ends का insert बिना आपस में जुड़नाVector ends joining each other without insert

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Self-ligation empty vector colonies दे सकती है। Dephosphorylation या directional cloning इसे घटाती है। / Self-ligation can give empty vector colonies. Dephosphorylation or directional cloning reduces it.

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Restriction cut vector में dephosphorylation क्यों की जाती है?

Why is dephosphorylation done in a restriction-cut vector?

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A. self-ligation कम करने के लिएTo reduce self-ligation

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Phosphate हटाने से vector ends का self-joining कम हो सकता है। इससे insert-containing clones की संभावना बढ़ती है। / Removing phosphate can reduce self-joining of vector ends. This increases chance of insert-containing clones.

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Dephosphorylated vector को ligate करने के लिए insert में क्या होना चाहिए?

For ligating a dephosphorylated vector what should the insert have?

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A. phosphate group

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Ligase phosphodiester bond बनाने के लिए phosphate की जरूरत रखता है। Insert phosphate joining में मदद करता है। / Ligase needs phosphate to form phosphodiester bond. Insert phosphate helps joining.

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Restriction cut ends पर phosphate क्यों महत्वपूर्ण है?

Why is phosphate important at restriction-cut ends?

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A. ligase द्वारा bond formation के लिएFor bond formation by ligase

Explanation

Simple Explanation

DNA ligase phosphodiester bond बनाता है। इसके लिए सही chemical ends जरूरी हैं। / DNA ligase forms phosphodiester bonds. Correct chemical ends are needed for this.

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Restriction digestion के बाद blunt-end cloning में कौन सा factor अधिक critical हो सकता है?

Which factor can be more critical in blunt-end cloning after restriction digestion?

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A. DNA concentration और ligation conditionDNA concentration and ligation condition

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Blunt ends complementary overhang नहीं रखते। इसलिए concentration और ligation condition अधिक महत्वपूर्ण हो जाते हैं। / Blunt ends lack complementary overhang. Therefore concentration and ligation condition become more important.

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Sticky-end cloning में annealing किस कारण संभव होती है?

Why is annealing possible in sticky-end cloning?

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A. complementary overhangs के कारणBecause of complementary overhangs

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Sticky ends complementary bases से temporary pair करते हैं। Ligase बाद में backbone जोड़ता है। / Sticky ends temporarily pair by complementary bases. Ligase later joins the backbone.

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Restriction digestion में ends compatible हों लेकिन ligation fail हो तो क्या कारण हो सकता है?

If ends are compatible but ligation fails in restriction digestion work what can be a cause?

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A. contaminants या wrong DNA ratioContaminants or wrong DNA ratio

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Compatible ends के अलावा clean DNA और सही ratio जरूरी है। Salt ethanol या enzyme carryover ligation रोक सकते हैं। / Besides compatible ends clean DNA and correct ratio are necessary. Salt ethanol or enzyme carryover can block ligation.

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Restriction digestion के बाद ligation setup में leftover restriction enzyme क्यों समस्या है?

Why is leftover restriction enzyme a problem in ligation setup after restriction digestion?

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A. वह DNA को फिर काट सकता हैIt can cut DNA again

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Active restriction enzyme ligation mix में newly joined DNA को काट सकता है। Cleanup या inactivation useful है। / Active restriction enzyme can cut newly joined DNA in ligation mix. Cleanup or inactivation is useful.

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Heat inactivation के बाद भी cleanup कब बेहतर हो सकता है?

When can cleanup be better even after heat inactivation?

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A. जब buffer salts या enzymes next step affect करेंWhen buffer salts or enzymes affect next step

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Heat inactivation enzyme रोक सकती है लेकिन salts और proteins रह सकते हैं। Cleanup next reaction को सुधार सकता है। / Heat inactivation can stop enzyme but salts and proteins may remain. Cleanup can improve next reaction.

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Restriction digestion के बाद PCR cleanup kit क्यों use हो सकती है?

Why can a PCR cleanup kit be used after restriction digestion?

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A. छोटे contaminants और buffer components हटाने के लिएTo remove small contaminants and buffer components

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Cleanup kit DNA को reaction components से अलग करती है। यह ligation या analysis से पहले useful है। / A cleanup kit separates DNA from reaction components. It is useful before ligation or analysis.

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Gel extraction और PCR cleanup में मुख्य अंतर क्या है?

What is the main difference between gel extraction and PCR cleanup?

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A. gel extraction specific band recover करती है और cleanup reaction mixture साफ करता हैGel extraction recovers specific band and cleanup cleans reaction mixture

Explanation

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Gel extraction band selection देती है। Cleanup whole reaction DNA को impurities से साफ करता है। / Gel extraction gives band selection. Cleanup cleans whole reaction DNA from impurities.

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अगर restriction digest में desired fragment unique नहीं है तो क्या करना सही हो सकता है?

If the desired fragment is not unique in restriction digest what can be appropriate?

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A. alternative enzymes या gel purification strategy चुननाChoosing alternative enzymes or gel purification strategy

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Non-unique fragments cloning को confuse कर सकते हैं। Better enzyme plan से clear fragment मिल सकता है। / Non-unique fragments can confuse cloning. A better enzyme plan can give a clear fragment.

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Restriction digest में fragment बहुत छोटा हो तो ligation में क्या issue हो सकता है?

If a fragment is very small in restriction digest what issue can occur in ligation?

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A. recovery और quantification कठिन हो सकती हैRecovery and quantification can be difficult

Explanation

Simple Explanation

छोटे fragments gel extraction में खो सकते हैं। Accurate amount estimate भी कठिन हो सकता है। / Small fragments can be lost during gel extraction. Accurate amount estimation can also be difficult.

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Restriction digest में large fragment purification की चुनौती क्या हो सकती है?

What can be a challenge in large fragment purification after restriction digest?

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A. shearing और low recoveryShearing and low recovery

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Large DNA fragments fragile हो सकते हैं। Gentle handling और suitable gel condition जरूरी है। / Large DNA fragments can be fragile. Gentle handling and suitable gel condition are needed.

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Large DNA fragments को protect करने के लिए क्या practice अच्छी है?

What practice is good to protect large DNA fragments?

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A. gentle handling और low UV exposureGentle handling and low UV exposure

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Large fragments rough handling और UV से damage हो सकते हैं। Gentle handling recovery बचाती है। / Large fragments can be damaged by rough handling and UV. Gentle handling preserves recovery.

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Restriction digestion के बाद vector band को gel से काटते समय क्या सावधानी जरूरी है?

What precaution is needed while cutting vector band from gel after restriction digestion?

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A. पास की unwanted band से बचनाAvoiding nearby unwanted band

Explanation

Simple Explanation

गलत band काटने से wrong DNA purify हो सकता है। Band identity ladder और map से confirm करें। / Cutting the wrong band can purify wrong DNA. Confirm band identity with ladder and map.

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Restriction digestion में band excision से पहले क्या compare करना चाहिए?

What should be compared before band excision in restriction digestion?

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A. band size with ladder and expected map

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Band excision से पहले expected size और ladder से match करें। इससे wrong band purification से बचते हैं। / Before band excision match expected size with ladder. This prevents wrong band purification.

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Restriction digestion के बाद purified DNA को फिर gel पर क्यों check किया जा सकता है?

Why can purified DNA be checked again on gel after restriction digestion?

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A. purity size और recovery देखने के लिएTo see purity size and recovery

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Post-purification gel confirm करता है कि desired fragment recovered है। यह ligation से पहले useful check है। / A post-purification gel confirms that desired fragment is recovered. It is useful before ligation.

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Restriction digest में purified fragment में salt बचा हो तो ligation पर क्या असर होगा?

What effect can leftover salt in purified fragment have on ligation?

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A. ligation efficiency घट सकती हैLigation efficiency can decrease

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Salt carryover ligase reaction को प्रभावित कर सकता है। Final wash और drying सही करें। / Salt carryover can affect ligase reaction. Do final wash and drying properly.

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Restriction digest purification में ethanol carryover क्यों avoid करना चाहिए?

Why should ethanol carryover be avoided in restriction digest purification?

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A. ligation और enzyme reactions inhibit हो सकती हैंLigation and enzyme reactions can be inhibited

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Residual ethanol downstream reactions को रोक सकता है। Purified DNA को सही तरह dry करें। / Residual ethanol can inhibit downstream reactions. Dry purified DNA properly.

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Restriction digestion से मिली DNA concentration गलत estimate हो तो क्या समस्या हो सकती है?

What problem can occur if DNA concentration from restriction digestion is estimated wrongly?

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A. ligation ratio गलत हो सकता हैLigation ratio can be wrong

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Insert-vector ratio concentration पर आधारित होता है। गलत estimate cloning efficiency घटा सकता है। / Insert-vector ratio is based on concentration. Wrong estimate can reduce cloning efficiency.

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Restriction digestion में molar ratio mass ratio से क्यों अलग हो सकता है?

Why can molar ratio differ from mass ratio in restriction digestion work?

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A. fragment length अलग होने के कारणBecause fragment lengths differ

Explanation

Simple Explanation

लंबे और छोटे fragments की same mass में molecule numbers अलग होते हैं। Ligation में molar ratio important है। / Long and short fragments have different molecule numbers at the same mass. Molar ratio is important in ligation.

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Insert बहुत अधिक हो तो ligation result पर क्या असर हो सकता है?

What effect can too much insert have on ligation result?

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A. multiple inserts या inefficient cloning riskRisk of multiple inserts or inefficient cloning

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Excess insert abnormal ligation products बढ़ा सकता है। Suitable ratio use करें। / Excess insert can increase abnormal ligation products. Use a suitable ratio.

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Vector बहुत अधिक हो और insert कम हो तो क्या risk है?

What is the risk if vector is too much and insert is low?

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A. empty vector colonies बढ़ सकती हैंEmpty vector colonies can increase

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Low insert availability vector self-ligation या empty colonies का chance बढ़ा सकती है। Ratio optimize करें। / Low insert availability can increase chance of vector self-ligation or empty colonies. Optimize ratio.

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Restriction cut vector में दो अलग ends हों तो empty vector formation क्यों घट सकती है?

Why can empty vector formation decrease when restriction-cut vector has two different ends?

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A. ends आपस में easily compatible नहीं होतेEnds are not easily compatible with each other

Explanation

Simple Explanation

दो अलग ends vector self-closing को कम कर सकते हैं। Insert correct orientation में जोड़ने में मदद मिलती है। / Two different ends can reduce vector self-closing. They help join insert in correct orientation.

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Directional cloning का सबसे अच्छा outcome क्या है?

What is the best outcome of directional cloning?

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A. insert correct orientation में लगने की संभावना बढ़ती हैChance of insert joining in correct orientation increases

Explanation

Simple Explanation

दो different restriction ends orientation control में मदद करते हैं। इससे screening load कम हो सकता है। / Two different restriction ends help control orientation. This can reduce screening load.

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Restriction digestion में same enzyme से cut vector में orientation issue क्यों हो सकता है?

Why can orientation issue occur in a vector cut with the same enzyme?

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A. insert दोनों directions में ligate हो सकता हैInsert can ligate in both directions

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Same ends insert को either orientation में allow कर सकते हैं। Orientation screening जरूरी हो सकती है। / Same ends can allow insert in either orientation. Orientation screening may be needed.

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Restriction digest के बाद orientation screening के लिए कौन सा method useful हो सकता है?

Which method can be useful for orientation screening after restriction digest?

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A. diagnostic digest या colony PCRDiagnostic digest or colony PCR

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Diagnostic digest या PCR orientation-specific pattern दे सकता है। Final confirmation sequencing से करें। / Diagnostic digest or PCR can give orientation-specific pattern. Do final confirmation by sequencing.

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Restriction digestion में colony screening बाद में क्यों जरूरी हो सकती है?

Why can colony screening later be needed after restriction digestion?

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A. हर ligation product desired clone नहीं होताNot every ligation product is desired clone

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Cutting और ligation के बाद false clones मिल सकते हैं। Screening correct recombinant identify करती है। / After cutting and ligation false clones can appear. Screening identifies the correct recombinant.

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Restriction cutting step में गलत enzyme use होने पर downstream effect क्या होगा?

What is the downstream effect of using a wrong enzyme in cutting step?

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A. ligation और transformation result खराब हो सकते हैंLigation and transformation results can fail

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Wrong enzyme incompatible या damaged ends बना सकता है। इससे पूरा cloning workflow प्रभावित होता है। / Wrong enzyme can create incompatible or damaged ends. This affects the whole cloning workflow.

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Cutting step में incomplete digestion से ligation में क्या समस्या हो सकती है?

What problem can incomplete digestion in cutting step cause in ligation?

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A. uncut vector background colonies

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Uncut vector transform होकर background दे सकता है। Complete digestion और gel purification इसे घटाते हैं। / Uncut vector can transform and give background. Complete digestion and gel purification reduce it.

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Uncut vector background को कैसे घटाया जा सकता है?

How can uncut vector background be reduced?

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A. complete digestion और gel purification सेBy complete digestion and gel purification

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Complete digestion vector को linearizes करती है और gel purification uncut plasmid हटाता है। इससे background घटता है। / Complete digestion linearizes vector and gel purification removes uncut plasmid. This reduces background.

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Restriction digest में gel purification से uncut plasmid कैसे हट सकता है?

How can gel purification remove uncut plasmid in restriction digest?

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A. cut linear band को अलग excise करकेBy excising the cut linear band separately

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Uncut plasmid अलग mobility दिखा सकता है। Desired cut band को अलग purify किया जा सकता है। / Uncut plasmid can show different mobility. The desired cut band can be purified separately.

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Restriction digest में small unwanted fragments ligation में क्या कर सकते हैं?

What can small unwanted fragments do in ligation after restriction digest?

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A. compete करके unwanted products बना सकते हैंThey can compete and form unwanted products

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Unwanted fragments ligation reaction में interfere कर सकते हैं। Purification specific desired fragments रखती है। / Unwanted fragments can interfere in ligation reaction. Purification keeps specific desired fragments.

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Restriction digest के बाद छोटे कटे हुए adapter fragments क्यों हटाने चाहिए?

Why should small cut adapter fragments be removed after restriction digest?

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A. वे ligation reaction में unwanted competition दे सकते हैंThey can give unwanted competition in ligation reaction

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Small fragments compatible ends रख सकते हैं और ligation में confuse कर सकते हैं। Cleanup इन्हें हटाता है। / Small fragments can have compatible ends and confuse ligation. Cleanup removes them.

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Restriction digestion में purification के बाद elution buffer choose करते समय क्या ध्यान रखें?

What should be considered while choosing elution buffer after purification in restriction digestion?

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A. next ligation या enzyme reaction compatibilityCompatibility with next ligation or enzyme reaction

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Elution buffer में ऐसे components न हों जो ligation inhibit करें। Downstream use के अनुसार buffer चुनें। / Elution buffer should not contain components that inhibit ligation. Choose buffer according to downstream use.

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Restriction digest purification में nuclease-free water कब useful हो सकता है?

When can nuclease-free water be useful in restriction digest purification?

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A. जब downstream enzyme reaction sensitive होWhen downstream enzyme reaction is sensitive

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Nuclease-free water unwanted nucleases से बचाता है और कई downstream reactions में compatible होता है। / Nuclease-free water avoids unwanted nucleases and is compatible with many downstream reactions.

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Restriction digest से पहले DNA sample का A260 by A280 ratio क्यों देखा जा सकता है?

Why can A260 by A280 ratio of DNA sample be checked before restriction digest?

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A. protein contamination का अनुमान लगाने के लिएTo estimate protein contamination

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Protein contamination enzyme activity को affect कर सकती है। Ratio DNA purity check में मदद करता है। / Protein contamination can affect enzyme activity. The ratio helps check DNA purity.

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A260 by A230 ratio restriction digest से पहले क्यों useful हो सकता है?

Why can A260 by A230 ratio be useful before restriction digest?

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A. salt phenol carbohydrate contamination detect करने के लिएTo detect salt phenol carbohydrate contamination

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A260 by A230 खराब होने पर contaminants enzyme reactions रोक सकते हैं। Cleanup पर विचार करें। / If A260 by A230 is poor contaminants can inhibit enzyme reactions. Consider cleanup.

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Restriction digest में DNA integrity क्यों जरूरी है?

Why is DNA integrity important in restriction digest?

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A. broken DNA expected pattern बदल सकता हैBroken DNA can change expected pattern

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Degraded DNA extra smear या missing bands दे सकता है। Integrity gel check से समझें। / Degraded DNA can give extra smear or missing bands. Understand integrity by gel check.

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Restriction digest से पहले genomic DNA बहुत degraded हो तो result कैसा हो सकता है?

If genomic DNA is highly degraded before restriction digest how can result look?

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A. smear और unclear fragmentsSmear and unclear fragments

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Degraded DNA already छोटे fragments में टूट चुका होता है। Restriction pattern clear नहीं मिल सकता। / Degraded DNA is already broken into small fragments. Restriction pattern may not be clear.

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Restriction digestion में high-quality plasmid prep क्यों जरूरी है?

Why is high-quality plasmid prep necessary in restriction digestion?

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A. clear and reliable band pattern पाने के लिएTo obtain clear and reliable band pattern

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Clean plasmid enzyme digestion में better काम करता है। Contaminants partial digestion दे सकते हैं। / Clean plasmid works better in enzyme digestion. Contaminants can give partial digestion.

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Restriction digestion के बाद next transformation step से पहले recombinant DNA कैसे बनता है?

How is recombinant DNA formed before the next transformation step after restriction digestion?

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A. cut vector और insert को ligase से जोड़करBy joining cut vector and insert with ligase

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Restriction digestion compatible ends बनाता है। DNA ligase इन्हें जोड़कर recombinant DNA बनाता है। / Restriction digestion creates compatible ends. DNA ligase joins them to make recombinant DNA.

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Cutting of DNA step cloning workflow में कहाँ आता है?

Where does Cutting of DNA step come in cloning workflow?

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A. DNA isolation के बाद और ligation से पहलेAfter DNA isolation and before ligation

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पहले DNA isolate किया जाता है फिर restriction cutting होती है। उसके बाद ligation और transformation आते हैं। / First DNA is isolated then restriction cutting occurs. After that come ligation and transformation.

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Level 53 का best revision point क्या है?

What is the best revision point of Level 53?

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A. cut ends purification ratio ligation और downstream cloning याद रखेंRemember cut ends purification ratio ligation and downstream cloning

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DNA cutting ligation की तैयारी करता है। Clean compatible ends और correct ratio cloning success में मदद करते हैं। / DNA cutting prepares for ligation. Clean compatible ends and correct ratio help cloning success.

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Cutting of DNA level 53 का final summary क्या है?

What is the final summary of Cutting of DNA level 53?

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A. restriction cut fragments को purify कर सही ratio में ligation के लिए ready किया जाता हैRestriction cut fragments are purified and made ready for ligation in correct ratio

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Cutting step का success ligation और transformation तक असर डालता है। Purity ratio और controls हमेशा याद रखें। / Success of the cutting step affects ligation and transformation. Always remember purity ratio and controls.

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FAQs

Class 11 Biotechnology Quiz FAQs

How many questions are in this quiz?

This level is designed for 50 active questions. Currently 50 questions are available for the selected class and difficulty.

Is there a timer in this quiz?

Yes, the timer uses 40 seconds per question for Easy difficulty and shows the total remaining time on the page.

Can I open each question separately?

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