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Geometrical meaning of the zeroes of a polynomial.
बहुपद के शून्यकों का ज्यामितीय अर्थ
In this Class 10 Mathematics topic from Polynomials, students understand the geometrical meaning of a polynomial’s zeroes by connecting algebraic expressions with their graphs. A zero is represented by the x-coordinate where the graph meets or touches the x-axis. Students learn how the number of points of intersection indicates the number of real zeroes, and interpret graphs of linear, quadratic, and other polynomial functions to relate their shapes and x-intercepts to solutions of p(x) = 0.
TOPIC PRACTICE
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Medium · Level 24 · polynomials,zeros,graphs,coordinate-geometry,class10View options
(9, 0)
(0, 9)
(9, 9)
(-9, 0)
Medium · Level 24 · polynomials,zeros of polynomials,x-intercepts,coordinate-geometry,graph-readingView options
2
3
5
0
Medium · Level 24 · quadratic factorisation,real zeroes,zero-product property,Geometrical meaning of the zeroes of a polynomial.,geometrical meaning of the zeroes of a polynomial,Polynomials,Mathematics,Class 10 MCQView options
2 and −3
−2 and 3
1 and −6
None
Medium · Level 24 · polynomials,zeros-of-polynomial,x-intercepts,sum-of-roots,coordinate-geometryView options
\(a\)
\(0\)
\(2a\)
\(-a\)
Medium · Level 24 · given values zeroView options
(3)
(4)
(5)
None of these
Medium · Level 24 · polynomials,zeros-of-polynomial,graphing,roots,multiplicityView options
There are two distinct real zeroes
There is one repeated zero
There is no real zero
Every point is a zero
Medium · Level 24 · positive quadratic no zeroView options
Because (x^2+1) is always positive
Because (x^2) is always negative
Because (1) is a zero
Because it is linear
Medium · Level 24 · polynomials,zeros,x-intercepts,product-of-roots,class-10View options
0
25
-25
10
Medium · Level 24 · polynomials,zeros of polynomial,x-intercept,linear polynomials,graphsView options
Medium · Level 24 · cubic factors zeroesView options
One
Two
Three
Six
Medium · Level 24 · origin,axis intercepts,zero definition,Geometrical meaning of the zeroes of a polynomial.,geometrical meaning of the zeroes of a polynomial,Polynomials,Mathematics,Class 10 MCQView options
0 is also a zero
Every number is a zero
There is no zero
Only 1 is a zero
Medium · Level 24 · repeated zero,perfect square,distinct roots,Geometrical meaning of the zeroes of a polynomial.,geometrical meaning of the zeroes of a polynomial,Polynomials,Mathematics,Class 10 MCQView options
6
−6
12
None
Medium · Level 24 · product of zeroes,graph coordinates,polynomial roots,Geometrical meaning of the zeroes of a polynomial.,geometrical meaning of the zeroes of a polynomial,Polynomials,Mathematics,Class 10 MCQView options
42
−42
8
−12
Medium · Level 24 · constant polynomial zeroView options
There is one solution
There are two solutions
There is no real solution
Every (x) is a solution
Medium · Level 24 · zero polynomial,real zeroes,Geometrical meaning of the zeroes of a polynomial.,geometrical meaning of the zeroes of a polynomial,Polynomials,Mathematics,Class 10 MCQView options
Only 0 is a zero
Every real x is a zero
There is no zero
Only positive x-values are zeroes
Medium · Level 24 · polynomials,zeroes,x-axis,average,coordinate-geometryView options
6
8
12
16
Medium · Level 24 · polynomials, zeros of polynomial, factors, roots, quadratic, graphsView options
(1) and (-4)
(-1) and (4)
(0) and (-1)
None
Medium · Level 24 · function graph,zero coordinates,x-axis,Geometrical meaning of the zeroes of a polynomial.,geometrical meaning of the zeroes of a polynomial,Polynomials,Mathematics,Class 10 MCQView options
The graph will pass through (−6, 0), (0, 0), and (5, 0)
The graph will pass through (0, −6), (0, 0), and (0, 5)
The graph will not cut the x-axis
Only 5 will be a zero
Medium · Level 24 · repeated zeroes,distinct points,graphView options
One
Two
Three
Four
Question 1MediumLevel 24
Which of the following points shows that x = 9 is a zero of the polynomial p(x)?
Correct answer: A
If x = 9 is a zero of p(x), then p(9) = 0. On the graph this corresponds to a point on the x‑axis with y = 0, namely (9, 0). Option D has y = 0 but x = -9, so it does not represent x = 9. Options B and C have y ≠ 0, so they cannot be zeros. Exam tip: For a zero x = a of a polynomial, the graph passes through (a, 0) — check the x‑coordinate equals the given zero and y = 0.
If a graph contains the points \\((2,3)\\) and \\((5,0)\\), which x-value is definitely a zero of the polynomial/function?
Correct answer: C
Point \\((5,0)\\) has y=0, so it's an x-intercept and therefore \(x=5\) is a zero of the polynomial/function. The point \\((2,3)\\) has y=3 (y\neq0), so \(x=2\) is not a zero. Exam tip: an x-value is a zero only when the corresponding y-coordinate equals 0 (i.e., the graph meets the x-axis).
The governing concept is that zeroes are the values of x that make the polynomial equal to zero. Factor the expression by finding two numbers whose product is −6 and whose sum is 1: these are 3 and −2. Thus x² + x − 6 = (x + 3)(x − 2). Applying the zero-product property, either x + 3 = 0, giving x = −3, or x − 2 = 0, giving x = 2. Therefore the real zeroes are 2 and −3, so option A is correct. Option B would result from changing both signs, option C confuses the constant and coefficient with roots, and option D is false because two real solutions have been obtained directly by factorisation.
A graph cuts the x-axis at (a, 0), (0, 0) and (-a, 0) where \(a \neq 0\). What is the sum of the zeroes?
Correct answer: B
The x-intercepts are the polynomial's zeroes, here \(a,\;0,\;-a\). Their sum is \(a+0+(-a)=0\). The distractor \(2a\) might come from adding absolute values incorrectly; \(-a\) is only one root, not the sum. Exam tip: opposite numbers cancel, so pairs like \(a\) and \(-a\) give zero when summed.
The graph of a polynomial crosses the x-axis at two distinct points and does not merely touch it at any point. What does this imply?
Correct answer: A
If the graph crosses the x-axis at two distinct points, each crossing corresponds to a different real root of the polynomial. Crossing typically indicates an odd multiplicity (often 1) at that root. Choice B is incorrect because a repeated root refers to the same x-value occurring multiple times (leading to touching or flattened behavior at one point), not two separate intersection points. C and D are clearly wrong: no real roots would give no intersections, and every point being a root would mean the polynomial is identically zero. Exam tip: count distinct intersection x-values for number of distinct real roots; check whether the graph crosses (odd multiplicity) or merely touches (even multiplicity).
If a graph intersects the x-axis at (-5, 0) and (5, 0), what is the product of those zeroes?
Correct answer: C
The x-coordinates of the x-intercepts are the zeroes of the polynomial, here −5 and 5. Their product is (−5)×5 = −25. Option B (25) ignores the negative sign; A (0) would be correct only if one root were 0; D (10) is not the product. Exam tip: always account for signs when multiplying roots — opposite signs give a negative product.
If \(p(x)=3x-15\), what is the x-axis intersection (x-intercept) of its graph?
Correct answer: B
The x-intercept occurs where the polynomial equals zero, i.e. \(p(x)=0\). Solving \(3x-15=0\) gives \(x=5\), so the intercept is \((5,0)\). Option \((0,-15)\) is the y-intercept (when \(x=0\), \(p(0)=-15\)), not the x-intercept. Options \((3,0)\) and \((-5,0)\) are simple arithmetic/sign errors — \((3,0)\) would arise from an incorrect solution and \((-5,0)\) flips the sign. Exam tip: for a linear polynomial \(ax+b\), the x-intercept is \((-b/a,0)\).
If the graph of a polynomial touches the x-axis at the single point (m, 0) and does not meet the x-axis anywhere else, how many distinct real zeros does the polynomial have?
Correct answer: B
A touch at (m,0) means the polynomial satisfies \(p(m)=0\). If the graph only touches and does not cross the x-axis at that point, the root at x = m has even multiplicity (2, 4, ...). Regardless of that multiplicity, it represents a single distinct real zero — x = m. The distractor 'two' is incorrect because two distinct real zeros would require the graph to meet the x-axis at two different x-values. Exam tip: check \(p(m)=0\) and use root multiplicity (even → touch, odd → cross) to decide crossing vs touching.
If the y-axis intercept of a graph is (0, 0), what additional conclusion is correct?
Correct answer: A
The governing concept is the relationship between an intercept and a polynomial value. The y-axis intercept is obtained by putting x = 0, so a graph passing through (0, 0) means p(0) = 0. By definition, this makes 0 a zero of the polynomial. The same point is also on the x-axis, because every point with y-coordinate 0 lies on that axis; therefore it is an x-axis intersection as well. Hence option A is correct. The conclusion does not say that every number is a zero, since only x = 0 has been established. It also cannot imply that there is no zero or that only 1 is a zero. Other zeroes may exist, but they cannot be determined from this single intercept alone.
If p(x) = x² − 12x + 36, what is the distinct real zero?
Correct answer: A
The governing concept is that repeated roots are counted once when the question asks for distinct zeroes. Recognise the perfect-square trinomial: p(x) = x² − 12x + 36 = (x − 6)². Setting p(x) equal to zero gives (x − 6)² = 0, so x − 6 = 0 and x = 6. Both algebraic roots coincide, meaning the polynomial has one distinct real zero, 6, with multiplicity two. Graphically, the parabola touches the x-axis at the single point (6, 0) rather than crossing it at two different points. Therefore option A is correct. The value −6 has the wrong sign, 12 is the coefficient magnitude rather than the root, and option D is false because x = 6 is a valid real solution.
If a graph cuts the x-axis at (−2, 0), (3, 0), and (7, 0), what is the product of the zeroes?
Correct answer: B
The governing concept is that the x-coordinate of every x-axis intersection is a zero of the polynomial. The three zeroes are therefore −2, 3, and 7. Their product is calculated using only the x-values: (−2) × 3 × 7 = (−6) × 7 = −42. Thus option B is correct. The negative sign is essential because there is one negative factor and two positive factors, so the final product is negative. Option A has the correct magnitude but the wrong sign. Option C is the sum of the three zeroes, since −2 + 3 + 7 = 8, not their product. Option D does not result from multiplying the listed zeroes. The y-coordinate 0 is not included in the product.
If p(x) = 0 is the zero polynomial, which statement about its zeroes is correct?
Correct answer: B
A zero of p(x) is a value of x for which p(x) equals 0. For the zero polynomial, p(x) is identically 0, so substituting any real number gives p(x) = 0. Thus every real number is a zero, and the polynomial has infinitely many real zeroes. It is not restricted to 0 or to positive values, so option B is correct.
If a graph cuts the x-axis at the points (2,0) and (14,0), what is the average of the zeroes?
Correct answer: B
The zeroes are the x-coordinates where the graph meets the x-axis, so take the average of those x-values. Average = \(\dfrac{2+14}{2}=8\). Option A (6) is incorrect because 6 would be the average of 2 and 10, not of 2 and 14. Exam tip: for x-intercepts, average their x-coordinates: add them and divide by 2.
If \(p(x)=-(x-1)(x+4)\), at which real zeros (x-intercepts) does its graph cross the x-axis?
Correct answer: A
Core idea: zeros occur when the product equals zero, so at least one factor must be zero. From \(-(x-1)(x+4)=0\) the leading minus sign does not change the roots; it only flips the overall sign. Set each factor to zero: \(x-1=0\) gives \(x=1\), and \(x+4=0\) gives \(x=-4\). Choice B is wrong because the signs are reversed; C and D are not obtained from the given factors. Exam tip: to find x-intercepts of a factored polynomial, set each factor equal to zero and solve.
If p(−6) = 0, p(0) = 0, and p(5) = 0, which statement about the graph is correct?
Correct answer: A
The governing concept is the coordinate form of a function graph: every input a is represented by the point (a, p(a)). If p(a) = 0, that point becomes (a, 0), which lies on the x-axis and shows that a is a zero. Applying this rule gives p(−6) = 0 → (−6, 0), p(0) = 0 → (0, 0), and p(5) = 0 → (5, 0). Therefore option A is correct. Option B places the given inputs in the second coordinate and incorrectly treats them as y-values. Option C contradicts the three stated zeroes, while option D ignores −6 and 0. The statements establish at least these three x-axis points, whether or not additional zeroes exist.
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