Business Studies

Techniques of scientific management

Q: If tools are kept nearby but the worker still makes unnecessary wrist twists what follow up is needed?

Detailed body movement analysis of motion study Keeping tools nearby is not enough if body movement is still useless. Exam tip: treat motion study as detailed movement analysis.

Q: If the output standard is 80 units and the worker produces exactly 80, but the policy does not state which rate applies in an equal case, what should be done?

Clarify the rate policy for output equal to the standard The governing management principle is clarity and consistency in setting performance standards and reward rules. The worker has produced exactly the standard, so the case is neither above-standard nor below-standard. If the wage policy does not specify the equal case, management should clarify or formally define the applicable rate before making a discretionary payment. Therefore, option A is correct. Automatically choosing the low rate may unfairly penalise the worker, while automatically choosing the high rate may grant an unapproved benefit. Option D concerns an unrelated routing issue. A clear policy prevents disputes and ensures that similar workers are treated consistently.

Q: If actual time is lower but worker fatigue is very high, which analysis is necessary before revising the target?

Fatigue sustainability analysis The governing concept is that a scientifically determined target must be efficient, safe, and sustainable, not merely fast for a short period. A lower actual time may appear to justify a higher target, but very high fatigue indicates that the pace may harm health, quality, attendance, or long-term productivity. Management should therefore examine fatigue levels, rest requirements, error rates, and whether the performance can be maintained over normal working periods. Option A is correct. Product colour, bank credit, and customer age do not test the relationship between work time, human capacity, and sustainable output. A target should be revised only after this balance is established.

Q: In which situation are clues of both method study and simplification present?

Process route improved and unnecessary variants reduced Process route is method study and variants reduction is simplification. Exam tip: combine multiple technique clues.

Q: In which situation do standardisation and fatigue study both appear together?

Uniform tool height fixed and proper rest pauses made Uniform tool height is standardisation and rest pauses are fatigue study. Exam tip: catch combined clues.

Q: If route is correct material is ready and speed is proper but final product is defective whose checking role comes first?

Inspector Inspector checks final product defects. Exam tip: identify checking role first and cause later.

Q: If final product is defective and checking shows machine calibration was wrong whose correction role applies?

Repair boss Machine condition like calibration is linked with repair boss. Exam tip: separate checking and correction.

Q: If high rate is given for high output but quality standard is not written what is the main risk?

Quality may be compromised for quantity Quality standards are necessary with quantity incentive. Exam tip: check high output and quality together.

Q: If the standard time is 9 minutes and motion study shows that the best method takes 6 minutes, which conclusion is correct?

The time standard should be reviewed Motion study seeks the best way of performing a task by removing unnecessary movements, while time study fixes the time required for the selected method. If the improved method reduces the best attainable time from 9 minutes to 6 minutes, the earlier time standard may no longer represent the current method. It should therefore be reviewed and, after checking fatigue, normal pace, quality, and allowances, revised if appropriate. Option A is correct. The result does not make fatigue study irrelevant, does not end standardisation, and does not prove that simplification is wrong. Instead, it shows that related techniques must be coordinated.

Q: If reducing product variety lowers cost but training material is still based on old variants what is the next logical step?

Update training and instruction material Implementation documents should be updated after simplification. Exam tip: check follow up action.

In Class 12 Business Studies, this topic explains how Frederick Winslow Taylor applied scientific methods to improve efficiency and productivity in the workplace. Students learn about functional foremanship, standardisation and simplification of work, method study, motion study, time study, fatigue study, and the differential piece wage system. The chapter connects these techniques with work planning, employee performance, time management, cost control, and the systematic application of management principles.

Hard · Level 4 · 25 questions

Practice questions

01If tools are kept nearby but the worker still makes unnecessary wrist twists what follow up is needed?

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Answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Detailed body movement analysis of motion study

Keeping tools nearby is not enough if body movement is still useless. Exam tip: treat motion study as detailed movement analysis.

Techniques of scientific management

Practice questions

01If tools are kept nearby but the worker still makes unnecessary wrist twists what follow up is needed?यदि tools पास रखे गए लेकिन worker अब भी unnecessary wrist twist करता है तो कौन सा follow up चाहिए?

04In which situation are clues of both method study and simplification present?किस स्थिति में method study और simplification दोनों के संकेत हैं?

05In which situation do standardisation and fatigue study both appear together?किस स्थिति में standardisation और fatigue study दोनों साथ दिखाई देते हैं?

07If final product is defective and checking shows machine calibration was wrong whose correction role applies?यदि final product defective है और जांच में पता चला कि machine calibration wrong थी तो correction role किसका होगा?

08If high rate is given for high output but quality standard is not written what is the main risk?यदि high output के लिए high rate है लेकिन quality standard लिखा नहीं है तो मुख्य risk क्या है?

11If 50 units are produced in 600 minutes what is per unit standard time?यदि 600 minutes में 50 units बनती हैं तो per unit standard time क्या है?

12If output is 140 and 8 units are on quality hold what will be accepted output?यदि output 140 है और 8 units quality hold में हैं तो accepted output कितना होगा?

14If output is high but actual cost is also high whose record will explain real productivity?यदि output high है लेकिन actual cost भी high है तो किस clerk का record productivity की वास्तविकता समझाएगा?

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01If tools are kept nearby but the worker still makes unnecessary wrist twists what follow up is needed?

04In which situation are clues of both method study and simplification present?

05In which situation do standardisation and fatigue study both appear together?

07If final product is defective and checking shows machine calibration was wrong whose correction role applies?

08If high rate is given for high output but quality standard is not written what is the main risk?

11If 50 units are produced in 600 minutes what is per unit standard time?

12If output is 140 and 8 units are on quality hold what will be accepted output?

14If output is high but actual cost is also high whose record will explain real productivity?