Techniques of scientific management

This question applies Taylor’s functional foremanship, in which specialised supervisors handle different operational responsibilities. The route clerk decides the sequence or route through which work should move; that part is already correct in the situation. The gang boss is responsible for arranging the workplace, tools, materials, and the workforce so that production can begin properly. Therefore, if materials are missing at the starting time, the gang boss’s performance must be examined, making option A correct. The inspector checks quality, the speed boss focuses on the prescribed pace and removal of delays during work, and the disciplinarian maintains order and compliance. None of these roles primarily ensures that required materials are ready before work starts.

Taylor’s functional foremanship divides supervision among specialists. The route clerk prepares the route or sequence through which a job should pass, and the question states that this route is already correct. The gang boss has the practical responsibility for assembling the workers, tools, materials, and other arrangements needed before production begins. Consequently, if tools and materials are missing at the starting time, the gang boss is the specialist whose performance should be checked, so option B is correct. The time and cost clerk records time and cost data, while the inspector examines quality. Neither of those roles is chiefly responsible for ensuring that the production gang has its physical inputs ready at the beginning of work.

In Taylor’s scientific management, simplification means reducing unnecessary variety in products, tools, or methods so that production, purchasing, training, and supervision can become more efficient. The word unnecessary is essential: simplification does not mean eliminating every product variety or ignoring what customers genuinely require. Therefore, option A gives the correct caution. A business should remove needless duplication while retaining varieties that satisfy important customer needs or serve a meaningful technical purpose. Option B is too extreme. Option C is incorrect because simplification cannot replace quality standards, inspection, or specification. Option D is also false because workers still need suitable instruction and training even when the range of tasks or products has been reduced.

The governing concept is Taylor’s scientific management, especially standardisation and the fair setting of performance standards. A standard time target can be considered meaningful only when the conditions used to achieve it are also reasonably standard, including suitable tools, equipment, methods, and working arrangements. If workers lack standard tools, differences in output may reflect unequal resources rather than differences in effort or efficiency. Therefore, option B is the most correct comment: comparison becomes weak and the target’s fairness is questionable. Option A ignores the missing condition, option C denies the role of tools in productivity, and option D is unrelated to production standardisation.

The governing concept is Taylor’s functional foremanship, in which specialised supervisors handle different aspects of production planning and control. The route clerk determines the route or sequence through which work should move from one operation to the next. Since the materials and tools arrived on time, the delay is not primarily a stores or equipment problem; it resulted from an incorrect work sequence. Therefore, option B, the route clerk, is correct. The gang boss supervises workers and their immediate work execution, the inspector checks quality, and the repair boss deals with maintenance or machine breakdowns.

Time standard may be weak without deciding the best method. Exam tip: place method study before time study.

The route is correct so the delay is related to material arrangement. Exam tip: distinguish route from material readiness.

Inspector detects defects but deliberate non compliance is a discipline issue. Exam tip: always read the cause of defect.

Inspection reveals defects but correcting machine condition is repair boss work. Exam tip: separate detection and correction.

Standardisation should include work method along with tools. Exam tip: see uniform tools and uniform method together.

Rejected units are deducted from accepted output. Exam tip: keep gross output and accepted output separate.

Hand movement is motion study but overall process flow is method study. Exam tip: distinguish micro movement from process flow.

Uniform raw material quality is also linked with standardisation. Exam tip: connect input quality with standardisation.

Under Taylor’s differential wage system, if a worker exceeds the standard output, the higher rate applies to all units produced. Since 112 units exceed the standard of 110, the wage is \(112 \times 13 = ₹1456\). ₹1430 results from applying the high rate to only 110 standard units, whereas the worker actually produced 112 units. Exam tip: first compare output with the standard, then multiply the applicable rate by total output.

The worker produces 97 units, which is below the standard of 100 units. Therefore, the low rate of ₹9 per unit applies under the differential wage system. Wage = \(97 \times 9 = ₹873\). ₹900 is incorrect because it uses the standard output of 100 units, whereas the worker actually produced only 97 units. Exam tip: first compare actual output with the standard, then multiply the applicable rate by actual output.

For output equal to standard the payment policy must be clear. Exam tip: read policy in equal cases.

Human fatigue must be controlled along with incentives. Exam tip: consider both short term output and sustainable efficiency.

When process changes the time standard may change. Exam tip: remember the link between method change and time standard.

Method study is linked with the best way of the whole process. Exam tip: connect process flow with method study.

Rest intervals are related to fatigue study not time study. Exam tip: keep the main clue of each technique separate.

Coordination is necessary when instructions come from many specialists. Exam tip: compare it with unity of command.

Each specialist’s role should be clear in functional foremanship. Exam tip: remember role clarity.

Time and cost clerk keeps time and cost records. Exam tip: connect cost control with this post.

Route and written instructions are linked with planning side. Exam tip: identify planning side coordination.

Payment is on gross output so high rate applies to 126 units. Exam tip: read payment basis carefully.