Ergonomics: definition, need and benefits

Correct answer: A. Reduced chances of fatigue and injury

A person-suited setup reduces body strain. In exams, connect ergonomics with health and comfort.

Correct answer: B. Correct table height and item position

The direct answer is B: correct the table height and the position of the items. Repeated forward bending usually shows that the work surface is too low, or that frequently used objects are too far away. First, adjust the table so the worker can keep the back and neck in a natural position. Next, place commonly used objects within easy reach, reducing repeated stretching and bending. Option A is wrong because moving the table farther increases reaching and bending. Option B is correct because it addresses both likely causes. Option C is wrong because bending faster does not remove the harmful posture and may increase strain. Option D is wrong because turning off light harms visibility and safety but does not correct table height. Memory cue: repeated bending calls for a better height and shorter reach.

Correct answer: C. Maintain proper screen distance and eye breaks

Screen distance and eye breaks reduce eye strain. In exams, connect visual work with light and breaks.

Correct answer: D. Pressure on the back reduces

Keeping load near the body improves balance and reduces back strain. In exams, remember safe lifting technique.

Correct answer: A. Reduced strain on hand and wrist

A suitable tool makes grip safer and reduces strain. In exams, connect tool design with hand comfort.

Correct answer: B. Risk of falling and injury will increase

A safe workplace needs a firm floor and clear routes for movement. A slippery floor reduces friction between footwear and the surface, while objects in a pathway create obstacles. A person may slip, trip, fall, or collide with material. Such hazards can cause injuries and can also interrupt work, even when the work process itself is simple.

Option B is correct because it directly identifies the safety risk created by the layout and floor condition. The issue is not decoration, chair weight, or an automatic increase in speed. Ergonomics includes arranging the workplace so that movement is safe and efficient. Removing obstacles, keeping pathways clear, and correcting the slippery surface are suitable preventive measures.

Correct answer: A. Make work surface and lighting suitable

Correct height and lighting can reduce neck bending. In exams, consider posture and lighting in fine work.

Correct answer: B. Within comfortable reach zone

A comfortable reach zone reduces unnecessary walking and stretching. In exams, connect frequent use with nearby placement.

Correct answer: A. Employee comfort and attention

Excess heat can create discomfort and reduce attention. In exams, treat temperature as part of work environment.

Correct answer: A. Arranging work steps in correct sequence

Correct sequence makes workflow smooth and saves energy. In exams, link work simplification with sequence.

Correct answer: A. Lower back and back strain

A chair back support is an ergonomic feature that helps keep the spine and lower back in a comfortable, stable position. When a person sits for a long time without support, the back muscles may become tired and the body may bend forward. Proper support can reduce unnecessary strain and help maintain a better sitting posture. It does not solve unrelated office or building problems.

Option A is correct because back support is designed to reduce lower-back discomfort and back strain. Options B, C, and D concern papers, rent, and wall height, so they have no direct connection with the purpose of chair design. Ergonomics connects workplace furniture with the safety, comfort, and health of the worker.

Correct answer: B. Reduce force through suitable tool or technique

Suitable tools reduce force need and lower injury risk. In exams, reducing force is an important improvement.

Correct answer: A. Eye strain and errors

Poor lighting can increase difficulty in seeing and mistakes. In exams, connect lighting with quality and safety.

Correct answer: A. Because everyone's body structure and reach are not the same

A setup becomes more useful when matched with individual differences. In exams, do not assume one setup is right for all.

Correct answer: A. Fewer errors in fine stitching due to proper lighting

Proper arrangement can improve attention and accuracy. In exams, treat quality improvement as an ergonomic benefit.

Correct answer: A. Position of keyboard or tool

Wrist pain can often be linked with wrong position or repetitive work. In exams, identify ergonomic causes from symptoms.

Correct answer: A. Teaching correct posture and safe work method

Training develops correct habits and helps reduce injuries. In exams, connect training with prevention.

Correct answer: A. Need for bending and lifting high reduces

Waist-level height keeps heavy items within safe reach. In exams, connect storage with body safety.

Correct answer: A. Many employees complain of similar pain

Similar complaints may indicate a problem in work setup. In exams, treat repeated symptoms as a sign.

Correct answer: A. To reduce body strain

The direct answer is A: postures are studied to reduce strain on the body. Ergonomics examines how the body sits, stands, reaches, lifts, and moves during work. A balanced posture keeps the head, spine, joints, and muscles in safer positions. This can reduce unnecessary pressure, tiredness, pain, and the risk of long-term musculoskeletal problems. Option A is correct because reducing body strain is a central purpose of ergonomic posture study. Option B is wrong because ergonomics aims to reduce avoidable fatigue, not create more of it. Option C is wrong because floor colour is unrelated to sitting or standing posture. Option D is wrong because the purpose is to make work safer and easier, not confusing. Exam cue: whenever posture is mentioned, connect it with comfort, health, and lower strain.

Correct answer: A. Unnecessary time and energy will be spent

The direct answer is A: unnecessary time and energy will be spent. Ergonomic arrangement keeps frequently used tools near the worker and within a safe, comfortable reach. The reasoning is: a distant tool requires the worker to stop the main task, walk or stretch, locate it, return and repeat this process many times. This increases wasted time, physical effort and possibly fatigue. Option A is correct because it states the direct effect of poor tool placement. Option B is not necessarily true: work may become slower, but it will not always reduce in every situation. Option C is impossible because tools do not operate automatically merely because they are far away. Option D is the opposite of likely result; repeated extra movement can contribute to fatigue. A good layout improves workflow, but tools must still be placed safely so that reaching does not create another hazard. Memory cue: “Frequently used tools should be near, not far.”

Correct answer: A. To prevent fatigue injury and error

Work beyond human limits affects both body and quality. In exams, treat human limits as a key principle.

Correct answer: A. Proper height work surface and short breaks

In standing work, correct surface and breaks reduce pressure on feet and back. In exams, treat standing work as ergonomic too.

Correct answer: A. Chances of injury reduce

A safe method reduces unnecessary body load and risk. In exams, connect method with injury prevention.

Correct answer: A. Place the screen in front

Placing the screen in front reduces unnecessary neck movement. In exams, connect equipment position with posture.