Ergonomics: definition, need and benefits

Correct answer: A. Cost may increase due to injuries and errors

Poor setup can increase injury error and absenteeism. In exams, also consider organisational benefits.

Correct answer: A. Study of relationship between humans and work environment

Ergonomics studies the relation among humans work tools and environment. In exams, treat it as human factors study.

Correct answer: A. Unnecessary strain on the wrist reduces

A straight wrist can reduce strain during typing. In exams, consider small adjustments as ergonomic benefits.

Correct answer: A. Unnecessary stretching or walking

Items kept far away increase unnecessary movement and fatigue. In exams, connect reach zone with energy saving.

Correct answer: A. Smooth and orderly workflow

A smooth and orderly workflow follows a proper sequence of tasks, keeps required items conveniently placed, and reduces unnecessary movement. This saves time and energy while reducing fatigue and the risk of accidents. A workflow with repeated interruptions slows work, so it is not suitable for an ergonomic arrangement. Exam tip: In ergonomics questions, choose the option that makes work safer, simpler, and less tiring.

Correct answer: A. Comfort reduces fatigue and improves work

Comfort helps a person work longer with better attention. In exams, do not treat comfort as the enemy of efficiency.

Correct answer: A. Keeping important tools outside the worker's reach

Ergonomics means designing work, tools, furniture, and surroundings so that they suit the worker and reduce strain. Frequently used tools should be easy to reach, the chair should support the body and be adjustable, lighting should be sufficient, and the work surface should have a suitable height. These arrangements can reduce unnecessary movement, tiredness, awkward posture, and the chance of injury while improving comfort and efficiency.

Option A is the incorrect use because keeping essential tools outside the worker’s reach forces repeated stretching, bending, or walking. That wastes time and may increase fatigue or injury risk. Options B, C, and D are proper ergonomic practices: an adjustable chair supports different users, adequate light helps prevent eye strain, and correct work height supports a safer posture. Therefore, A is the answer.

Correct answer: A. Back strain

Repeatedly bending the body to work at a low height can place extra load on the muscles, joints, and especially the lower back. If the posture is held or repeated for a long time, the back may become tired, painful, or strained. Ergonomics encourages arranging the workplace so that work can be done at a comfortable height and with a straight, supported posture.

Therefore, option A, back strain, is the correct choice. Better eyesight, automatic saving of time, and complete removal of strain do not logically result from repeated bending. The important clue is the combination of an unsuitable work height and repeated movement. Both can increase physical stress and reduce comfort, whereas suitable height and posture help prevent such problems.

Correct answer: A. Physical safety

Ergonomics helps reduce injury and physical strain. In exams, count safety among its main benefits.

Correct answer: A. Posture comfort and work capacity

The match of seat and table decides body posture and comfort. In exams, connect furniture with health.

Correct answer: A. Reduce force by suitable tool or method

The direct answer is A: reduce the required force with a suitable tool or method. Ergonomics tries to fit the task to the worker, not to force the body beyond safe limits. A handle, lever, wheeled device, adjustable height or improved technique can make the same job require less muscular effort. The reasoning is: excessive force → greater body strain and injury risk; suitable aid → lower force → safer, more sustainable work. Option A is correct. Option B is wrong because increasing force increases fatigue and risk. Option C is wrong because blaming a worker does not improve the task. Option D is wrong because removing breaks prevents recovery and may worsen fatigue. A useful exam cue is to choose the option that reduces unnecessary effort while preserving the work.

Correct answer: A. To maintain comfort and attention

Proper temperature and air affect work comfort. In exams, treat environment as part of ergonomics.

Correct answer: A. Because fatigue and mistakes reduce

Less fatigue supports better attention and can reduce errors. In exams, connect quality with comfort and focus.

Correct answer: A. Providing adjustable chair and correct height table

An adjustable chair and suitable table match the person's needs. In exams, choose human-friendly arrangement.

Correct answer: A. Ignoring individual differences

All persons do not have the same body structure. In exams, treat individual differences as a base of ergonomics.

Correct answer: A. To prevent excessive fatigue and errors

The direct answer is A: to prevent excessive fatigue and errors. Human bodies have limits. If work is demanded faster than a person can safely manage, breathing, muscles and attention become strained. As fatigue rises, concentration falls and mistakes become more likely. A suitable pace allows short recovery, steady attention and safer quality. Option A is correct because it states the real ergonomic purpose of matching pace with capacity. Option B is wrong because ergonomics does not try to make work impossible. Option C is wrong because comfort and recovery are important, not things to remove. Option D is wrong because communication helps coordination and safety. The fact chain is: suitable pace + human capacity → less fatigue → fewer errors. Remember that ergonomics balances productivity with health, safety and accuracy.

Correct answer: A. To teach employees safe work methods

Training teaches correct posture and safe techniques. In exams, connect training with prevention.

Correct answer: A. Because discomfort reduces and work becomes easier

A comfortable setup makes employees feel safe and valued. In exams, connect satisfaction with comfort.

Correct answer: A. Arranging work steps so less bending and walking are needed

Less bending and walking make work simpler and safer. In exams, connect work simplification with energy saving.

Correct answer: A. Proper lighting and short eye breaks

Proper lighting and eye breaks reduce eye strain. In exams, connect visual work with lighting and breaks.

Correct answer: A. To improve before injury occurs

Identifying risk and improving early is a method of prevention. In exams, connect risk identification with precaution.

Correct answer: A. Where there was earlier more pain fatigue and error

Where pain and errors are high the effect of proper improvement becomes clear. In exams, identify the problem workplace.

Correct answer: A. Making work tools and environment suitable for humans

The core idea of ergonomics is human-friendly work arrangement. In exams, look for both human and work in the definition.

Correct answer: A. Allowing work according to different persons' body needs

Adjustable height improves comfort and safety for people with different body structures. In exams, connect adjustment with human-centred design.

Correct answer: B. Increasing safety comfort and efficiency

A proper match reduces body strain and improves work. In exams, connect the purpose with safety comfort and efficiency.