Ergonomics: definition, need and benefits

The direct answer is option C: good grip is related to control and safety. A handle or tool that fits the hand and does not slip allows the worker to hold, guide and stop the tool more reliably. Step by step: a secure grip needs less excessive squeezing; less squeezing can reduce hand fatigue; better control reduces slipping and accidental contact; therefore work can become safer and more accurate. Option C is correct because grip design directly affects handling and safety. Option A is wrong because colour decoration may affect appearance but does not provide the main ergonomic benefit of a grip. Option B is unrelated to holding a tool and concerns payment calculation. Option D is unrelated because holiday planning does not improve hand control. Good grip does not guarantee that every tool is completely safe, but it is an important safety feature. Memory cue: good handle design means firm control without excessive force.

Ventilation helps maintain comfort and work ability. Exam tip: remember air, temperature, and comfort together.

Ergonomics is needed to reduce body strain and injury. Exam tip: link need with health and safety.

Being near is not enough, items must also be organised. Exam tip: check both reach and organisation.

Comfortable and safe arrangement can improve performance. Exam tip: link productivity with comfort and safety.

Similar pain complaints may indicate a problem in work arrangement. Exam tip: treat repeated complaints as ergonomic clues.

Adjustable arrangement is better for different needs. Exam tip: remember age and ability differences.

A very hot or cold environment can reduce work ability. Exam tip: link temperature with comfort and focus.

Choosing a tool according to height reduces bending. Exam tip: remember user fit in household tools.

Ergonomics studies how work, tools, furniture, space, and the surrounding environment fit the worker. A person may become tired even when the task itself is not intellectually or physically difficult. Poor posture, an unsuitable working height, excessive reaching, awkward access, noise, heat, poor lighting, or limited space can all increase fatigue.

Option D is correct because it asks for a combined check of posture, height, reach, and environment. Salary, holidays, and wall colour alone do not explain the ergonomic fit of the task. The word “quickly” suggests that the arrangement of work should be examined rather than assuming that the worker is simply unwilling or that the task is difficult.

Main material in front reduces unnecessary neck turning. Exam tip: remember material placement.

The direct answer is option A: understand human limits so that work can be arranged according to a person's capacity. Human limits include strength, reach, posture, attention, endurance and the ability to repeat an action safely. Step by step: identify what the worker can comfortably do; match the task, tool and workload to that ability; avoid excessive force, awkward posture and unreasonable repetition; provide suitable adjustments or rest; then work becomes safer and more possible. Option A is correct because ergonomics adapts work to people, while also improving efficiency. Option B is the opposite of the aim because causing pain increases risk and reduces wellbeing. Option C is wrong because darkness reduces visibility and may cause accidents. Option D is unrelated and hiding tools makes work less organised and safe. Memory cue: fit the work to the person, not the person to harmful work.

Even a clean floor can cause falls if slippery. Exam tip: remember both cleanliness and slip resistance in floor safety.

Ergonomics can reduce both body strain and accidents. Exam tip: remember safety along with comfort.

Back pain can often relate to height and posture. Exam tip: link back pain with workstation assessment.

The direct answer is A: the chair, table, and screen should be adjusted together because they jointly affect the whole body posture. Ergonomics means arranging work, furniture, and equipment so that a person can work safely, comfortably, and efficiently. First, the chair supports the body; then the table should allow relaxed arms; finally, the screen should be at a suitable height and distance so the neck does not bend. Changing only one item may leave another body part strained. Option A is correct because posture depends on the relationship among all three objects. Option B is wrong because colour does not explain posture or ergonomic benefit. Option C is wrong because adjustment does not directly increase salary. Option D is wrong because it has no logical connection with posture and holidays. Exam cue: treat a workstation as one connected system, not as separate objects.

Repeated bending and lifting heavy objects can strain the back more. Exam tip: identify combined risk factors.

Direct answer: A, because the worker feels the discomfort and pain. Ergonomics studies the real interaction between a person and a task. The worker experiences pressure, awkward reach, heat, vibration, eye strain, or pain during actual work, so feedback can reveal problems that an outside observer may miss. That information helps improve tools, height, posture, pace, and breaks. B is irrelevant: painting walls has no necessary connection with feedback. C is wrong because salary decisions are an administrative matter, not the reason for ergonomic feedback. D is absurd and unrelated; workers do not change the weather. Feedback should be listened to, recorded, and checked with observation. Memory cue: the person doing the work is an important source of evidence.

Computer work needs adjustment of multiple parts together. Exam tip: remember screen and keyboard setup.

Comfort and less fatigue improve attention. Exam tip: link error reduction with fatigue reduction.

Keeping a heavy object very high increases injury risk. Exam tip: identify wrong ergonomic practices.

The direct answer is D: check the tool’s weight, grip, and ease of use. Ergonomic tool selection begins with the person who will use the tool. A tool should not be unnecessarily heavy, its handle should fit the hand, and its controls should be easy to operate. These features reduce excessive force, awkward wrist positions, fatigue, and the chance of injury. Option A is wrong because colour may affect appearance but does not show safety or comfort. Option B is wrong because advertising may make claims but is not a complete ergonomic test. Option C is wrong because the name of a tool tells us little about its physical suitability. Option D is correct because weight, grip, and usability directly affect comfort, control, and safe performance. Memory cue: for a tool, think “light enough, easy to hold, easy to use.”

Healthy arrangement improves both worker safety and organisational productivity. Exam tip: remember dual benefit.

Ergonomics arranges work according to body ability, safety, and comfort. Exam tip: understand it as comprehensive human fit.

Answer: A, because arranging frequently used items within easy reach reduces repeated stretching, twisting, unnecessary walking, and time loss. Even when table height is correct, an excessive reach can make the worker lean forward or rotate the trunk repeatedly. Over time, such awkward or repetitive movements may cause fatigue and musculoskeletal discomfort. The correction is to organise the work area according to frequency of use: place essential items in the comfortable reach zone and less-used items farther away when appropriate. B is wrong because chair colour does not change posture or reach. C is wrong because reducing light can create a visibility and safety problem. D is wrong because removing breaks increases fatigue rather than solving the reach problem. Memory cue: ergonomic layout means the right height and the right reach.