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Subjects

Science

Heredity and Evolution

This Class 10 Science topic from the chapter “World of Living” explains how traits are passed from parents to offspring through genes and chromosomes. Students explore Mendel’s experiments, dominant and recessive traits, inherited variation, and the basic idea of sex determination in humans. The topic also introduces evolution, showing how variations, natural selection, fossils, and similarities or differences among organisms help us understand the gradual development of life over generations.

Medium · Level 8 · 25 questions

Practice questions

01What is understood when new trait combinations appear in a dihybrid cross?

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02If a trait in offspring does not look like the mother but looks like the father, what can be the correct reason?

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03Having half the chromosome number in reproductive cells prevents which major problem?

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04Why does cutting the tail of a mouse not make its offspring tailless?

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05If a change is present in body cells but not in reproductive cells, why will it not pass to the next generation?

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06What is the importance of greater variation in sexual reproduction for evolution?

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07What risk can a population face in a changing environment when asexual reproduction produces low variation?

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08Natural selection acts on already existing variations. What does this correctly mean?

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09In which situation will natural selection be seen most clearly?

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10If a useful trait is not inherited why will it not change the evolution of a population?

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11How does the order of fossil layers help in understanding evolution?

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12Fossils are evidence of evolution but why do they not give complete information alone?

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13Why do homologous organs indicate common ancestry?

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14Why are analogous organs not considered strong evidence of common ancestry?

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15On what basis are the human arm and bat wing considered homologous?

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16Bird wings and insect wings perform similar functions; yet why are they not homologous?

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17Why can deciding evolutionary relationships only by external similarity be misleading?

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18Why is it wrong to understand evolution as a ladder?

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19What is the correct scientific meaning of similarity between humans and chimpanzees?

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20Why is it wrong to call an organism backward in evolution just because it looks simple?

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21What is the usual meaning of close branches in an evolutionary tree?

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22Which example best shows the relation between homologous organs and evolution in different directions?

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23If two populations develop different colours in different environments and remain isolated for a long time, what may happen later?

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24A useful change occurs in an organism but it is not in reproductive cells. What will be its importance in evolution?

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25Why can a population with very low variation be at greater risk when a disease suddenly spreads?

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