A. exports imports से कम हैं/Exports are less than imports
Step 1
Concept
Net exports is (X-M), and it becomes negative when imports are higher. In exams, treat negative net exports as reducing GDP.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. exports imports से कम हैं / Exports are less than imports. Net exports is (X-M), and it becomes negative when imports are higher. In exams, treat negative net exports as reducing GDP.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Net exports (X-M) है और imports अधिक होने पर यह negative होता है। परीक्षा में negative net exports को GDP से घटता हुआ मानें।
A. वास्तविक उत्पादन शायद उतना नहीं बढ़ा हो/Real output may not have risen as much
Step 1
Concept
Nominal GDP also rises due to prices. In exams, look at constant price GDP for real output.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. वास्तविक उत्पादन शायद उतना नहीं बढ़ा हो / Real output may not have risen as much. Nominal GDP also rises due to prices. In exams, look at constant price GDP for real output.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Nominal GDP कीमतों से भी बढ़ती है। परीक्षा में real output के लिए constant price GDP देखें।
A. GDP income distribution नहीं बताती/GDP does not show income distribution
Step 1
Concept
GDP shows total output, not distribution of income. In exams, place inequality under welfare limitation.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. GDP income distribution नहीं बताती / GDP does not show income distribution. GDP shows total output, not distribution of income. In exams, place inequality under welfare limitation.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP कुल उत्पादन बताती है, आय का वितरण नहीं। परीक्षा में inequality को welfare limitation में रखें।
A. क्योंकि यह current production और inventory है/Because it is current production and inventory
Step 1
Concept
Unsold current output is treated as change in stock or inventory investment. In exams, separate production and sales.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह current production और inventory है / Because it is current production and inventory. Unsold current output is treated as change in stock or inventory investment. In exams, separate production and sales.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Unsold current output change in stock या inventory investment माना जाता है। परीक्षा में production और sales अलग रखें।
A. जब उसका उचित मूल्यांकन संभव हो/When its reasonable valuation is possible
Step 1
Concept
Self-consumed output may be included if its imputed value is available. In exams, remember the condition of valuation.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. जब उसका उचित मूल्यांकन संभव हो / When its reasonable valuation is possible. Self-consumed output may be included if its imputed value is available. In exams, remember the condition of valuation.
Step 3
Exam Tip
स्व-उपभोग output का अनुमानित मूल्य उपलब्ध हो तो उसे शामिल किया जा सकता है। परीक्षा में valuation की शर्त याद रखें।
A. खर्च GDP बढ़ा सकता है लेकिन pollution damage welfare घटा सकता है/Expenditure may raise GDP but pollution damage may reduce welfare
Step 1
Concept
GDP may show cleanup activity as output but not fully show damage. In exams, treat environmental cost as a limitation.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. खर्च GDP बढ़ा सकता है लेकिन pollution damage welfare घटा सकता है / Expenditure may raise GDP but pollution damage may reduce welfare. GDP may show cleanup activity as output but not fully show damage. In exams, treat environmental cost as a limitation.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP cleanup activity को output के रूप में दिखा सकती है पर नुकसान को पूरा नहीं दिखाती। परीक्षा में environmental cost को limitation मानें।
\(Nominal\ GDP=\frac{Real\ GDP\times Deflator}{100}=22000\). In exams, the deflator formula can be used in both directions.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. 22000. \(Nominal\ GDP=\frac{Real\ GDP\times Deflator}{100}=22000\). In exams, the deflator formula can be used in both directions.
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(Nominal\ GDP=\frac{Real\ GDP\times Deflator}{100}=22000\)। परीक्षा में deflator formula दोनों दिशा में लगा सकते हैं।
A. कंपनी द्वारा नई मशीन खरीदना/A company buying a new machine
Step 1
Concept
A new machine is a productive fixed asset and comes under investment. In exams, connect capital formation with final capital goods.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. कंपनी द्वारा नई मशीन खरीदना / A company buying a new machine. A new machine is a productive fixed asset and comes under investment. In exams, connect capital formation with final capital goods.
Step 3
Exam Tip
नई मशीन productive fixed asset है और investment में आती है। परीक्षा में capital formation को final capital goods से जोड़ें।
A. repair intermediate cost हो सकती है जबकि new machine capital formation है/Repair may be intermediate cost while new machine is capital formation
Step 1
Concept
Maintenance repair keeps an old asset running, while a new machine adds capacity. In exams, separate replacement and routine maintenance.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. repair intermediate cost हो सकती है जबकि new machine capital formation है / Repair may be intermediate cost while new machine is capital formation. Maintenance repair keeps an old asset running, while a new machine adds capacity. In exams, separate replacement and routine maintenance.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Maintenance repair पुराने asset को चालू रखती है, नई मशीन capacity जोड़ती है। परीक्षा में replacement और routine maintenance अलग करें।
A. क्योंकि यह चालू वर्ष की paid educational service है/Because it is a current year paid educational service
Step 1
Concept
Paid educational service is a market transaction and is included in GDP. In exams, treat service output like goods.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह चालू वर्ष की paid educational service है / Because it is a current year paid educational service. Paid educational service is a market transaction and is included in GDP. In exams, treat service output like goods.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Paid educational service market transaction है और GDP में शामिल होती है। परीक्षा में service output को goods की तरह मानें।
