GDP means Gross Domestic Product. In exams remember GDP as production within domestic territory.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. सकल घरेलू उत्पाद / Gross Domestic Product. GDP means Gross Domestic Product. In exams remember GDP as production within domestic territory.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP का अर्थ सकल घरेलू उत्पाद होता है। परीक्षा में GDP को घरेलू क्षेत्र में उत्पादन से जोड़कर याद रखें।
GDP measures production within the domestic territory of a country. Pay special attention to the term domestic territory in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. घरेलू क्षेत्र / Domestic territory. GDP measures production within the domestic territory of a country. Pay special attention to the term domestic territory in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP देश के घरेलू क्षेत्र में हुए उत्पादन को मापता है। परीक्षा में domestic territory शब्द पर विशेष ध्यान दें।
A. अंतिम वस्तुएं और सेवाएं/Final goods and services
Step 1
Concept
GDP includes the value of final goods and services. Adding intermediate goods separately causes double counting in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. अंतिम वस्तुएं और सेवाएं / Final goods and services. GDP includes the value of final goods and services. Adding intermediate goods separately causes double counting in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP में final goods and services का मूल्य लिया जाता है। परीक्षा में intermediate goods को अलग जोड़ने से double counting होती है।
A. देश की आर्थिक सीमा के भीतर उत्पादन/Production within the economic territory of the country
Step 1
Concept
Domestic means production within economic territory. In exams keep domestic and national concepts separate.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. देश की आर्थिक सीमा के भीतर उत्पादन / Production within the economic territory of the country. Domestic means production within economic territory. In exams keep domestic and national concepts separate.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Domestic का अर्थ economic territory के भीतर उत्पादन है। परीक्षा में domestic और national concepts को अलग रखें।
GDP is a gross measure because depreciation is not deducted. In exams understand gross as value before depreciation.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. सकल माप / Gross measure. GDP is a gross measure because depreciation is not deducted. In exams understand gross as value before depreciation.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP सकल माप है क्योंकि इसमें depreciation घटाया नहीं जाता। परीक्षा में gross का अर्थ depreciation से पहले की value समझें।
The difference between GDP and NDP is depreciation. In exams subtract depreciation to move from gross to net.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मूल्यह्रास / Depreciation. The difference between GDP and NDP is depreciation. In exams subtract depreciation to move from gross to net.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP और NDP का अंतर depreciation होता है। परीक्षा में gross से net जाने के लिए depreciation घटाएं।
A. GDP से मूल्यह्रास घटाना/Subtract depreciation from GDP
Step 1
Concept
NDP (= GDP - Depreciation). In exams subtract depreciation from GDP to get net domestic product.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. GDP से मूल्यह्रास घटाना / Subtract depreciation from GDP. NDP (= GDP - Depreciation). In exams subtract depreciation from GDP to get net domestic product.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NDP (= GDP - Depreciation) होता है। परीक्षा में GDP से net domestic product पाने के लिए depreciation घटाएं।
A. विदेश से शुद्ध साधन आय/Net factor income from abroad
Step 1
Concept
GDP is a domestic concept and GNP is a national concept, so the difference comes from NFIA. Add NFIA in domestic-national conversion.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. विदेश से शुद्ध साधन आय / Net factor income from abroad. GDP is a domestic concept and GNP is a national concept, so the difference comes from NFIA. Add NFIA in domestic-national conversion.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP domestic concept है और GNP national concept है, इसलिए अंतर NFIA से आता है। परीक्षा में domestic-national conversion में NFIA जोड़ें।
Adding negative NFIA reduces GNP. In exams treat a negative sign like subtraction.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. GNP GDP से कम होगा / GNP will be less than GDP. Adding negative NFIA reduces GNP. In exams treat a negative sign like subtraction.
Step 3
Exam Tip
ऋणात्मक NFIA जोड़ने पर GNP कम हो जाता है। परीक्षा में negative sign को subtraction जैसा समझें।
A. अप्रत्यक्ष कर और सब्सिडी/Indirect taxes and subsidies
Step 1
Concept
Market price includes the effect of indirect taxes and subsidies. Link the difference between MP and FC with NIT.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. अप्रत्यक्ष कर और सब्सिडी / Indirect taxes and subsidies. Market price includes the effect of indirect taxes and subsidies. Link the difference between MP and FC with NIT.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Market price में indirect taxes और subsidies का प्रभाव शामिल होता है। परीक्षा में MP और FC के अंतर को NIT से जोड़ें।
A. साधन लागत पर सकल घरेलू उत्पाद/Gross Domestic Product at factor cost
Step 1
Concept
GDPFC means gross domestic product at factor cost. Remember FC by linking it with factor payments.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. साधन लागत पर सकल घरेलू उत्पाद / Gross Domestic Product at factor cost. GDPFC means gross domestic product at factor cost. Remember FC by linking it with factor payments.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDPFC का अर्थ factor cost पर gross domestic product है। परीक्षा में FC को factor payments से जोड़कर याद रखें।
GDPFC (= GDPMP - NIT). In exams subtract NIT when moving from market price to factor cost.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर / Net indirect taxes. GDPFC (= GDPMP - NIT). In exams subtract NIT when moving from market price to factor cost.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDPFC (= GDPMP - NIT) होता है। परीक्षा में market price से factor cost जाते समय NIT घटाएं।
GDP generally measures production during one accounting year. Treat income aggregates as period-based flows in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. एक लेखा वर्ष / One accounting year. GDP generally measures production during one accounting year. Treat income aggregates as period-based flows in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP सामान्यतः एक लेखा वर्ष में हुए उत्पादन को मापता है। परीक्षा में income aggregates को period based flow समझें।
A. क्योंकि वह चालू वर्ष का उत्पादन नहीं है/Because it is not current year production
Step 1
Concept
Old goods were already counted when produced earlier. Do not include the full value of second-hand goods in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि वह चालू वर्ष का उत्पादन नहीं है / Because it is not current year production. Old goods were already counted when produced earlier. Do not include the full value of second-hand goods in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पुराने सामान का उत्पादन पहले ही गिना जा चुका होता है। परीक्षा में second-hand goods की full value include न करें।
A. क्योंकि यह चालू वर्ष की सेवा है/Because it is current year service
Step 1
Concept
Broker commission is service income of the current year. Understand the difference between old good value and service charge.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह चालू वर्ष की सेवा है / Because it is current year service. Broker commission is service income of the current year. Understand the difference between old good value and service charge.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Broker commission वर्तमान वर्ष की सेवा आय है। परीक्षा में old good value और service charge का अंतर समझें।
A. दोहरे गणना से बचने के लिए/To avoid double counting
Step 1
Concept
Intermediate goods are included in the value of final goods. Take final goods to avoid double counting in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. दोहरे गणना से बचने के लिए / To avoid double counting. Intermediate goods are included in the value of final goods. Take final goods to avoid double counting in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Intermediate goods final goods के मूल्य में शामिल होती हैं। परीक्षा में double counting से बचने के लिए final goods लें।
A. भुगतान वाली डॉक्टर consultation/Paid doctor consultation
Step 1
Concept
Paid doctor consultation is a current productive service, so it is included in GDP. Include paid market services in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. भुगतान वाली डॉक्टर consultation / Paid doctor consultation. Paid doctor consultation is a current productive service, so it is included in GDP. Include paid market services in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Paid doctor consultation वर्तमान उत्पादक सेवा है इसलिए GDP में शामिल होगी। परीक्षा में paid market services को include करें।
A. क्योंकि उसका market valuation कठिन है/Because its market valuation is difficult
Step 1
Concept
Reliable market value of unpaid household services is difficult to determine. Keep non-market personal services separate in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि उसका market valuation कठिन है / Because its market valuation is difficult. Reliable market value of unpaid household services is difficult to determine. Keep non-market personal services separate in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Unpaid household services का reliable market value तय करना कठिन होता है। परीक्षा में non-market personal services को अलग रखें।
A. क्योंकि इनके बदले current production नहीं होता/Because there is no current production in return
Step 1
Concept
No current productive service is received in return for transfer payments. Keep pension and scholarship separate from factor income.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि इनके बदले current production नहीं होता / Because there is no current production in return. No current productive service is received in return for transfer payments. Keep pension and scholarship separate from factor income.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Transfer payments के बदले कोई वर्तमान उत्पादक सेवा नहीं मिलती। परीक्षा में pension और scholarship को factor income से अलग रखें।
Scholarship is a transfer payment because no productive service is received in return. Treat wages rent and profit as factor income.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. छात्रवृत्ति / Scholarship. Scholarship is a transfer payment because no productive service is received in return. Treat wages rent and profit as factor income.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Scholarship transfer payment है क्योंकि इसके बदले productive service नहीं मिलती। परीक्षा में wages rent profit को factor income समझें।
A. क्योंकि यह उत्पादन सेवा का भुगतान है/Because it is payment for productive service
Step 1
Concept
Wages are the reward for productive service of labour. Identify factor payments under income method in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह उत्पादन सेवा का भुगतान है / Because it is payment for productive service. Wages are the reward for productive service of labour. Identify factor payments under income method in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मजदूरी श्रम की productive service का reward है। परीक्षा में factor payments को income method में पहचानें।
In expenditure method consumption, investment, government expenditure and net exports are added. In exams understand (X-M) as net exports.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. (GDP = C + I + G + (X-M)). In expenditure method consumption, investment, government expenditure and net exports are added. In exams understand (X-M) as net exports.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Expenditure method में consumption, investment, government expenditure और net exports जोड़े जाते हैं। परीक्षा में (X-M) को net exports समझें।
A. निजी अंतिम उपभोग व्यय/Private final consumption expenditure
Step 1
Concept
(C) denotes private final consumption expenditure. Link household consumption with (C) in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. निजी अंतिम उपभोग व्यय / Private final consumption expenditure. (C) denotes private final consumption expenditure. Link household consumption with (C) in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
(C) private final consumption expenditure को दर्शाता है। परीक्षा में household consumption को (C) से जोड़ें।
A. सरकारी अंतिम उपभोग व्यय/Government final consumption expenditure
Step 1
Concept
(G) denotes government final consumption expenditure. Link government purchases and services with (G) in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. सरकारी अंतिम उपभोग व्यय / Government final consumption expenditure. (G) denotes government final consumption expenditure. Link government purchases and services with (G) in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
(G) government final consumption expenditure को दर्शाता है। परीक्षा में सरकारी खरीद और सेवाओं को (G) से जोड़ें।
(X-M) means exports minus imports, or net exports. Remember that imports are subtracted in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. शुद्ध निर्यात / Net exports. (X-M) means exports minus imports, or net exports. Remember that imports are subtracted in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
(X-M) exports minus imports यानी net exports है। परीक्षा में imports को घटाया जाता है यह याद रखें।
A. हां, क्योंकि यह domestic territory में हुआ/Yes because it occurred in domestic territory
Step 1
Concept
GDP includes production within domestic territory. In exams focus on location, not ownership.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. हां, क्योंकि यह domestic territory में हुआ / Yes because it occurred in domestic territory. GDP includes production within domestic territory. In exams focus on location, not ownership.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP domestic territory में हुए production को शामिल करता है। परीक्षा में ownership नहीं, location पर ध्यान दें।
A. क्योंकि GDP domestic territory पर आधारित है/Because GDP is based on domestic territory
Step 1
Concept
GDP takes production within the country's economic territory. In exams see income from abroad under NFIA.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि GDP domestic territory पर आधारित है / Because GDP is based on domestic territory. GDP takes production within the country's economic territory. In exams see income from abroad under NFIA.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP में देश की economic territory के भीतर production लिया जाता है। परीक्षा में विदेश से आय को NFIA में देखें।
A. घरेलू उत्पादन का आकार/Size of domestic production
Step 1
Concept
GDP shows the size of domestic output of an economy. Do not treat GDP as a complete measure of welfare in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. घरेलू उत्पादन का आकार / Size of domestic production. GDP shows the size of domestic output of an economy. Do not treat GDP as a complete measure of welfare in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP economy के domestic output size को दिखाता है। परीक्षा में GDP को welfare का complete measure न मानें।
A. क्योंकि यह distribution और non-market factors पूरी तरह नहीं दिखाता/Because it does not fully show distribution and non-market factors
Step 1
Concept
GDP shows output but not all aspects of welfare. Remember limitations in welfare questions.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह distribution और non-market factors पूरी तरह नहीं दिखाता / Because it does not fully show distribution and non-market factors. GDP shows output but not all aspects of welfare. Remember limitations in welfare questions.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP output बताता है पर welfare के सभी पहलू नहीं दिखाता। परीक्षा में welfare questions में limitations याद रखें।
A. नहीं, GDP gross measure है/No, GDP is a gross measure
Step 1
Concept
Depreciation is not deducted in GDP. In exams deducting depreciation gives NDP.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. नहीं, GDP gross measure है / No, GDP is a gross measure. Depreciation is not deducted in GDP. In exams deducting depreciation gives NDP.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP में depreciation घटाया नहीं जाता। परीक्षा में depreciation घटाने पर NDP मिलता है।
A. वर्तमान वर्ष की कीमतों पर/At current year prices
Step 1
Concept
Current price GDP is measured at current year prices. Understand the difference between current and constant prices in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. वर्तमान वर्ष की कीमतों पर / At current year prices. Current price GDP is measured at current year prices. Understand the difference between current and constant prices in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Current price GDP वर्तमान वर्ष की prices पर मापा जाता है। परीक्षा में current और constant prices का अंतर समझें।
Constant price GDP is measured at base year prices. Link real GDP with constant prices in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. आधार वर्ष की कीमतों पर / At base year prices. Constant price GDP is measured at base year prices. Link real GDP with constant prices in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Constant price GDP base year prices पर मापा जाता है। परीक्षा में real GDP को constant prices से जोड़ें।
Nominal GDP is GDP measured at current prices. In exams connect nominal with current price.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Current prices पर GDP / GDP at current prices. Nominal GDP is GDP measured at current prices. In exams connect nominal with current price.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Nominal GDP current prices पर measured GDP है। परीक्षा में nominal को current price से जोड़ें।
Real GDP is GDP measured at constant prices. Remember real with base year prices in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Constant prices पर GDP / GDP at constant prices. Real GDP is GDP measured at constant prices. Remember real with base year prices in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Real GDP constant prices पर measured GDP है। परीक्षा में real को base year prices से जोड़कर याद रखें।
A. Nominal GDP और Real GDP/Nominal GDP and Real GDP
Step 1
Concept
GDP deflator shows price level through the relation of nominal and real GDP. Treat it like a price index in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Nominal GDP और Real GDP / Nominal GDP and Real GDP. GDP deflator shows price level through the relation of nominal and real GDP. Treat it like a price index in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP deflator nominal और real GDP के संबंध से price level बताता है। परीक्षा में इसे price index की तरह समझें।
A. \(GDP\ Deflator=\frac{Nominal\ GDP}{Real\ GDP}\times100\)
Step 1
Concept
GDP deflator divides nominal GDP by real GDP and multiplies by 100. Keep nominal GDP in the numerator in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. \(GDP\ Deflator=\frac{Nominal\ GDP}{Real\ GDP}\times100\). GDP deflator divides nominal GDP by real GDP and multiplies by 100. Keep nominal GDP in the numerator in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP deflator nominal GDP को real GDP से divide करके 100 से multiply करता है। परीक्षा में numerator में nominal GDP रखें।
A. वास्तविक उत्पादन में वृद्धि/Increase in real output
Step 1
Concept
Real GDP shows output change after removing price changes. Link real growth with production growth in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. वास्तविक उत्पादन में वृद्धि / Increase in real output. Real GDP shows output change after removing price changes. Link real growth with production growth in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Real GDP price changes हटाकर output change दिखाती है। परीक्षा में real growth को production growth से जोड़ें।
A. यह domestic territory में final goods and services का gross value है/It is the gross value of final goods and services in domestic territory
Step 1
Concept
GDP is a gross domestic measure of final output. Remember the three keywords domestic, gross and final goods in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. यह domestic territory में final goods and services का gross value है / It is the gross value of final goods and services in domestic territory. GDP is a gross domestic measure of final output. Remember the three keywords domestic, gross and final goods in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP final output का gross domestic measure है। परीक्षा में domestic, gross और final goods तीनों keywords याद रखें।
A. घरेलू क्षेत्र में अंतिम उत्पादन/Final output in domestic territory
Step 1
Concept
GDP measures final output in domestic territory. In exams treat GDP as a location-based aggregate.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. घरेलू क्षेत्र में अंतिम उत्पादन / Final output in domestic territory. GDP measures final output in domestic territory. In exams treat GDP as a location-based aggregate.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP domestic territory में final output को मापता है। परीक्षा में GDP को location-based aggregate समझें।
A. मूल्यह्रास घटाया नहीं गया है/Depreciation has not been deducted
Step 1
Concept
Gross means value before deducting depreciation. In exams distinguish gross and net through depreciation.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मूल्यह्रास घटाया नहीं गया है / Depreciation has not been deducted. Gross means value before deducting depreciation. In exams distinguish gross and net through depreciation.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Gross का अर्थ depreciation घटाने से पहले की value है। परीक्षा में gross और net का अंतर depreciation से करें।
A. देश के भीतर विदेशी बैंक की सेवा/Service of a foreign bank within the country
Step 1
Concept
GDP takes production within the economic territory of the country. In exams check territory instead of ownership.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. देश के भीतर विदेशी बैंक की सेवा / Service of a foreign bank within the country. GDP takes production within the economic territory of the country. In exams check territory instead of ownership.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP देश की economic territory में हुए production को लेता है। परीक्षा में ownership की जगह territory देखें।
A. दोहरे गणना से बचने के लिए/To avoid double counting
Step 1
Concept
Taking final goods avoids double counting of intermediate goods. Remember the final output rule in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. दोहरे गणना से बचने के लिए / To avoid double counting. Taking final goods avoids double counting of intermediate goods. Remember the final output rule in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Final goods लेने से intermediate goods की double counting नहीं होती। परीक्षा में final output rule याद रखें।
A. Final car में लगी tyre का अलग मूल्य/Separate value of tyre used in a final car
Step 1
Concept
The value of tyre is included in the price of the final car. Do not add intermediate inputs separately in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Final car में लगी tyre का अलग मूल्य / Separate value of tyre used in a final car. The value of tyre is included in the price of the final car. Do not add intermediate inputs separately in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Tyre का मूल्य final car के price में शामिल होता है। परीक्षा में intermediate inputs को अलग से न जोड़ें।
NIT means net indirect taxes. In exams connect it with indirect taxes minus subsidies.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर / Net indirect taxes. NIT means net indirect taxes. In exams connect it with indirect taxes minus subsidies.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NIT का अर्थ net indirect taxes है। परीक्षा में इसे indirect taxes minus subsidies से जोड़ें।
A. क्योंकि यह निश्चित अवधि में मापा जाता है/Because it is measured over a specific period
Step 1
Concept
GDP is measured over a period such as an accounting year. Treat output aggregates as flow variables in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह निश्चित अवधि में मापा जाता है / Because it is measured over a specific period. GDP is measured over a period such as an accounting year. Treat output aggregates as flow variables in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP एक accounting year जैसी अवधि में मापा जाता है। परीक्षा में output aggregates को flow समझें।
A. क्योंकि यह current production नहीं है/Because it is not current production
Step 1
Concept
An old house was already counted when produced earlier. Do not include the full value of second-hand assets in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह current production नहीं है / Because it is not current production. An old house was already counted when produced earlier. Do not include the full value of second-hand assets in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पुराना घर पहले उत्पादन में गिना जा चुका होता है। परीक्षा में second-hand assets की full value include न करें।
A. क्योंकि यह current service है/Because it is a current service
Step 1
Concept
Agent fee is payment for a current service. Keep old asset and current service charge separate in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह current service है / Because it is a current service. Agent fee is payment for a current service. Keep old asset and current service charge separate in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Agent fee चालू वर्ष की सेवा का भुगतान है। परीक्षा में old asset और current service charge को अलग रखें।
A new book is final output of the current year. Distinguish current production from transfers and resale in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. नई पुस्तक की बिक्री / Sale of a new book. A new book is final output of the current year. Distinguish current production from transfers and resale in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
नई पुस्तक चालू वर्ष का final output है। परीक्षा में current production को transfer और resale से अलग पहचानें।
A. क्योंकि यह transfer payment है/Because it is a transfer payment
Step 1
Concept
No current productive service is received in return for scholarship. Keep transfer payments outside GDP in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह transfer payment है / Because it is a transfer payment. No current productive service is received in return for scholarship. Keep transfer payments outside GDP in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Scholarship के बदले current productive service नहीं मिलती। परीक्षा में transfer payments को GDP से बाहर रखें।
A. क्योंकि उसका imputed market value लगाया जा सकता है/Because its imputed market value can be assigned
Step 1
Concept
Self-consumed farm output is marketable production. Distinguish own-produced goods from unpaid household services in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि उसका imputed market value लगाया जा सकता है / Because its imputed market value can be assigned. Self-consumed farm output is marketable production. Distinguish own-produced goods from unpaid household services in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Self-consumed farm output marketable production है। परीक्षा में own-produced goods और unpaid household services में अंतर करें।
A. क्योंकि इसका reliable market valuation कठिन है/Because its reliable market valuation is difficult
Step 1
Concept
Reliable market value of unpaid household service is difficult to determine. Treat non-market personal services as excluded in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि इसका reliable market valuation कठिन है / Because its reliable market valuation is difficult. Reliable market value of unpaid household service is difficult to determine. Treat non-market personal services as excluded in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Unpaid household service का reliable market value तय करना कठिन होता है। परीक्षा में non-market personal services को exclude मानें।
A. (C), (I), (G), और (X-M)/(C), (I), (G), and (X-M)
Step 1
Concept
Expenditure method includes consumption, investment, government expenditure and net exports. Remember (X-M) as net exports.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. (C), (I), (G), और (X-M) / (C), (I), (G), and (X-M). Expenditure method includes consumption, investment, government expenditure and net exports. Remember (X-M) as net exports.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Expenditure method में consumption, investment, government expenditure और net exports आते हैं। परीक्षा में (X-M) को net exports याद रखें।
A. क्योंकि imports घरेलू उत्पादन नहीं हैं/Because imports are not domestic production
Step 1
Concept
Imports are foreign production, so they are subtracted from domestic product. Subtract M in (X-M) in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि imports घरेलू उत्पादन नहीं हैं / Because imports are not domestic production. Imports are foreign production, so they are subtracted from domestic product. Subtract M in (X-M) in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Imports विदेशी उत्पादन होते हैं, इसलिए domestic product से घटाए जाते हैं। परीक्षा में (X-M) में M को subtract करें।
A. उत्पादन साधनों की आय/Income of factors of production
Step 1
Concept
In income method factor incomes are added. Remember wages, rent, interest and profit in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. उत्पादन साधनों की आय / Income of factors of production. In income method factor incomes are added. Remember wages, rent, interest and profit in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Income method में factor incomes को जोड़ा जाता है। परीक्षा में wages, rent, interest और profit को याद रखें।
Employee wage is a reward for productive service. Keep factor income and transfer income separate in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. कर्मचारी वेतन / Employee wage. Employee wage is a reward for productive service. Keep factor income and transfer income separate in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Employee wage productive service का reward है। परीक्षा में factor income और transfer income अलग रखें।
A. क्योंकि prices बढ़ने से भी nominal GDP बढ़ सकता है/Because nominal GDP can rise due to higher prices
Step 1
Concept
Nominal GDP is at current prices, so it includes the effect of price rise. Understand nominal and real growth separately.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि prices बढ़ने से भी nominal GDP बढ़ सकता है / Because nominal GDP can rise due to higher prices. Nominal GDP is at current prices, so it includes the effect of price rise. Understand nominal and real growth separately.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Nominal GDP current prices पर होता है, इसलिए price rise का असर शामिल होता है। परीक्षा में nominal और real growth अलग समझें।
A. क्योंकि यह constant prices पर मापा जाता है/Because it is measured at constant prices
Step 1
Concept
Real GDP reduces the effect of price changes. Link real GDP with output volume in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह constant prices पर मापा जाता है / Because it is measured at constant prices. Real GDP reduces the effect of price changes. Link real GDP with output volume in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Real GDP price changes के प्रभाव को कम करता है। परीक्षा में real GDP को output volume से जोड़ें।
GDP deflator indicates price level using nominal and real GDP. Treat it like a broad price index in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मूल्य स्तर सूचक / Price level indicator. GDP deflator indicates price level using nominal and real GDP. Treat it like a broad price index in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP deflator nominal और real GDP से price level बताता है। परीक्षा में इसे broad price index की तरह समझें।
Nominal GDP comes in the numerator of GDP deflator. Remember \(GDP\ Deflator=\frac{Nominal\ GDP}{Real\ GDP}\times100\).
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Nominal GDP. Nominal GDP comes in the numerator of GDP deflator. Remember \(GDP\ Deflator=\frac{Nominal\ GDP}{Real\ GDP}\times100\).
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP deflator में nominal GDP numerator में आता है। परीक्षा में formula \(GDP\ Deflator=\frac{Nominal\ GDP}{Real\ GDP}\times100\) याद रखें।
A. GDP को population से भाग देकर/By dividing GDP by population
Step 1
Concept
Per capita GDP is obtained by dividing total GDP by population. Understand it as average output per person.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. GDP को population से भाग देकर / By dividing GDP by population. Per capita GDP is obtained by dividing total GDP by population. Understand it as average output per person.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Per capita GDP कुल GDP को population से divide करके मिलता है। परीक्षा में average output per person समझें।
GDP shows output growth, but welfare is also affected by distribution, pollution and non-market factors. Remember welfare limitations.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. अपूर्ण कथन / Incomplete statement. GDP shows output growth, but welfare is also affected by distribution, pollution and non-market factors. Remember welfare limitations.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP output growth दिखाता है पर welfare पर distribution, pollution और non-market factors भी असर डालते हैं। परीक्षा में welfare limitations याद रखें।
A. क्योंकि negative externalities अलग से मापना कठिन हो सकता है/Because negative externalities may be difficult to measure separately
Step 1
Concept
GDP focuses on market value, so external costs like pollution may not be fully shown. Remember this as a welfare limitation.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि negative externalities अलग से मापना कठिन हो सकता है / Because negative externalities may be difficult to measure separately. GDP focuses on market value, so external costs like pollution may not be fully shown. Remember this as a welfare limitation.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP market value पर focus करता है, इसलिए pollution जैसे external costs पूरी तरह नहीं दिख सकते। परीक्षा में welfare limitation के रूप में याद रखें।
A. Reliable data उपलब्ध नहीं होता/Reliable data is not available
Step 1
Concept
Official reliable records of illegal activities are not available. Understand measurement limitations of GDP in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Reliable data उपलब्ध नहीं होता / Reliable data is not available. Official reliable records of illegal activities are not available. Understand measurement limitations of GDP in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Illegal activities का official reliable record नहीं मिलता। परीक्षा में GDP measurement limitations समझें।
Inventory change is considered part of investment. Link stock of unsold goods with the investment component in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Investment. Inventory change is considered part of investment. Link stock of unsold goods with the investment component in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Inventory change investment का भाग माना जाता है। परीक्षा में stock of unsold goods को investment component से जोड़ें।
A. सरकारी स्कूल की शिक्षक सेवा पर खर्च/Expenditure on teacher service in government school
Step 1
Concept
Expenditure on government teacher service is a current final service. Keep government purchase and transfer payment separate.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. सरकारी स्कूल की शिक्षक सेवा पर खर्च / Expenditure on teacher service in government school. Expenditure on government teacher service is a current final service. Keep government purchase and transfer payment separate.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सरकारी शिक्षक सेवा पर खर्च current final service है। परीक्षा में government purchase और transfer payment अलग रखें।
A. परिवार द्वारा नई किताब खरीदना/A household buying a new book
Step 1
Concept
A household buying a new book is final consumption. Link household final purchase with the (C) component.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. परिवार द्वारा नई किताब खरीदना / A household buying a new book. A household buying a new book is final consumption. Link household final purchase with the (C) component.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Household की नई किताब खरीद final consumption है। परीक्षा में household final purchase को (C) component से जोड़ें।
A. नए capital goods और inventories पर व्यय/Expenditure on new capital goods and inventories
Step 1
Concept
Gross investment includes capital formation and inventory change. Distinguish investment from purchase of financial assets.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. नए capital goods और inventories पर व्यय / Expenditure on new capital goods and inventories. Gross investment includes capital formation and inventory change. Distinguish investment from purchase of financial assets.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Gross investment capital formation और inventory change को शामिल करता है। परीक्षा में investment को financial asset purchase से अलग रखें।
A. क्योंकि यह current production नहीं है/Because it is not current production
Step 1
Concept
Purchase of old shares is a financial asset transfer, not current output. Separate financial and production transactions in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह current production नहीं है / Because it is not current production. Purchase of old shares is a financial asset transfer, not current output. Separate financial and production transactions in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Old shares की खरीद financial asset transfer है, current output नहीं। परीक्षा में financial transactions और production transactions अलग करें।
A. चालू लेखा वर्ष में उत्पादित output/Output produced in the current accounting year
Step 1
Concept
Current production is output of the current accounting year. Keep resale of past production separate in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. चालू लेखा वर्ष में उत्पादित output / Output produced in the current accounting year. Current production is output of the current accounting year. Keep resale of past production separate in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Current production चालू accounting year का output है। परीक्षा में past production की resale को अलग रखें।
A. Domestic territory आधारित है, national residents आधारित है/Domestic is territory-based, national is residents-based
Step 1
Concept
GDP is based on domestic territory while GNP is based on national residents. Link this difference with NFIA in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Domestic territory आधारित है, national residents आधारित है / Domestic is territory-based, national is residents-based. GDP is based on domestic territory while GNP is based on national residents. Link this difference with NFIA in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP domestic territory पर आधारित है जबकि GNP national residents पर आधारित है। परीक्षा में इस difference को NFIA से जोड़ें।
Gross, domestic and final output are the three basic keywords for understanding GDP. Most easy questions are solved through them.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Gross, Domestic, Final output. Gross, domestic and final output are the three basic keywords for understanding GDP. Most easy questions are solved through them.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP को समझने के लिए gross, domestic और final output तीन basic keywords हैं। परीक्षा में इन्हीं से अधिकांश easy questions solve होते हैं।
A. देश के घरेलू क्षेत्र में final goods and services का सकल मूल्य/Gross value of final goods and services in domestic territory
Step 1
Concept
GDP is the gross value of final output in domestic territory. In exams remember GDP as gross domestic final output.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. देश के घरेलू क्षेत्र में final goods and services का सकल मूल्य / Gross value of final goods and services in domestic territory. GDP is the gross value of final output in domestic territory. In exams remember GDP as gross domestic final output.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP domestic territory में final output का gross value है। परीक्षा में GDP को gross domestic final output के रूप में याद रखें।
A. मूल्यह्रास घटाने से पहले/Before deducting depreciation
Step 1
Concept
Gross means the amount before deducting depreciation. Distinguish gross and net through depreciation in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मूल्यह्रास घटाने से पहले / Before deducting depreciation. Gross means the amount before deducting depreciation. Distinguish gross and net through depreciation in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Gross का अर्थ depreciation घटाने से पहले की राशि है। परीक्षा में gross और net को depreciation से अलग करें।
A. आर्थिक क्षेत्र के आधार पर/On the basis of economic territory
Step 1
Concept
The word domestic indicates economic territory. Treat domestic product as a location-based concept in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. आर्थिक क्षेत्र के आधार पर / On the basis of economic territory. The word domestic indicates economic territory. Treat domestic product as a location-based concept in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Domestic शब्द economic territory को दिखाता है। परीक्षा में domestic product को location-based concept समझें।
Final goods are included in GDP. Adding intermediate goods separately causes double counting in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. अंतिम वस्तुएं / Final goods. Final goods are included in GDP. Adding intermediate goods separately causes double counting in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP में final goods शामिल होती हैं। परीक्षा में intermediate goods को अलग जोड़ने से double counting होती है।
GDP is gross and NDP is net, so the difference comes from depreciation. Remember (NDP=GDP-Depreciation).
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मूल्यह्रास / Depreciation. GDP is gross and NDP is net, so the difference comes from depreciation. Remember (NDP=GDP-Depreciation).
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP gross है और NDP net है इसलिए अंतर depreciation से आता है। परीक्षा में (NDP=GDP-Depreciation) याद रखें।
A. विदेश से शुद्ध साधन आय/Net factor income from abroad
Step 1
Concept
GDP is domestic and GNP is national, so NFIA adjustment is needed. Remember (GNP=GDP+NFIA).
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. विदेश से शुद्ध साधन आय / Net factor income from abroad. GDP is domestic and GNP is national, so NFIA adjustment is needed. Remember (GNP=GDP+NFIA).
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP domestic है और GNP national है इसलिए NFIA adjustment जरूरी है। परीक्षा में (GNP=GDP+NFIA) याद रखें।
A. बाजार कीमत पर सकल घरेलू उत्पाद/Gross Domestic Product at Market Price
Step 1
Concept
GDPMP is GDP measured at market price. Remember MP means market price in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. बाजार कीमत पर सकल घरेलू उत्पाद / Gross Domestic Product at Market Price. GDPMP is GDP measured at market price. Remember MP means market price in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDPMP market price पर measured GDP है। परीक्षा में MP का अर्थ market price याद रखें।
A. साधन लागत पर सकल घरेलू उत्पाद/Gross Domestic Product at Factor Cost
Step 1
Concept
GDPFC is GDP measured at factor cost. Connect FC with factor cost in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. साधन लागत पर सकल घरेलू उत्पाद / Gross Domestic Product at Factor Cost. GDPFC is GDP measured at factor cost. Connect FC with factor cost in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDPFC factor cost पर measured GDP है। परीक्षा में FC को factor cost से जोड़ें।
A. क्योंकि यह वर्तमान सेवा है/Because it is a current service
Step 1
Concept
Dealer commission is current year service income. Separate old good value and service commission in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह वर्तमान सेवा है / Because it is a current service. Dealer commission is current year service income. Separate old good value and service commission in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Dealer commission current year service income है। परीक्षा में old good value और service commission को अलग करें।
Unemployment allowance is a transfer payment. Do not include payments received without productive service in GDP.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. बेरोजगारी भत्ता / Unemployment allowance. Unemployment allowance is a transfer payment. Do not include payments received without productive service in GDP.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Unemployment allowance transfer payment है। परीक्षा में productive service के बिना मिले payment को GDP में include न करें।
Rent is a reward of the land factor, so it is factor income. Identify rent, wage, interest and profit in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. भूमि का किराया / Rent of land. Rent is a reward of the land factor, so it is factor income. Identify rent, wage, interest and profit in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Rent land factor का reward है इसलिए factor income है। परीक्षा में rent, wage, interest और profit को पहचानें।
A. Reliable market valuation कठिन है/Reliable market valuation is difficult
Step 1
Concept
Market value of unpaid household work is difficult to determine. Keep non-market personal services separate.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Reliable market valuation कठिन है / Reliable market valuation is difficult. Market value of unpaid household work is difficult to determine. Keep non-market personal services separate.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Unpaid household work का market value तय करना कठिन होता है। परीक्षा में non-market personal services को अलग रखें।
A. किसान द्वारा अपने लिए रखी गई फसल का अनुमानित मूल्य/Imputed value of crop kept by farmer for self-use
Step 1
Concept
Self-consumed farm output is marketable production, so it can be included through imputed value. Separate own produced goods and unpaid services.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. किसान द्वारा अपने लिए रखी गई फसल का अनुमानित मूल्य / Imputed value of crop kept by farmer for self-use. Self-consumed farm output is marketable production, so it can be included through imputed value. Separate own produced goods and unpaid services.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Self-consumed farm output marketable production है इसलिए imputed value से include हो सकता है। परीक्षा में own produced goods और unpaid services अलग करें।
Expenditure method includes consumption, investment, government expenditure and net exports. Subtract imports in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. (GDP=C+I+G+(X-M)). Expenditure method includes consumption, investment, government expenditure and net exports. Subtract imports in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Expenditure method में consumption, investment, government expenditure और net exports शामिल होते हैं। परीक्षा में imports को subtract करें।
(C) shows final consumption expenditure of households. Treat consumer spending as (C) in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Private final consumption expenditure. (C) shows final consumption expenditure of households. Treat consumer spending as (C) in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
(C) households के final consumption expenditure को दिखाता है। परीक्षा में consumer spending को (C) समझें।
(G) is government final consumption expenditure. Separate government purchases from transfer payments in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Government final consumption expenditure. (G) is government final consumption expenditure. Separate government purchases from transfer payments in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
(G) government final consumption expenditure है। परीक्षा में government purchases को transfer payments से अलग करें।
A. क्योंकि वे घरेलू उत्पादन नहीं हैं/Because they are not domestic production
Step 1
Concept
Imports are foreign production, so they are subtracted from domestic output. Understand the logic of (X-M).
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि वे घरेलू उत्पादन नहीं हैं / Because they are not domestic production. Imports are foreign production, so they are subtracted from domestic output. Understand the logic of (X-M).
Step 3
Exam Tip
Imports foreign production होते हैं, इसलिए domestic output से घटाए जाते हैं। परीक्षा में (X-M) का logic समझें।
A. क्योंकि यह transfer payment है/Because it is a transfer payment
Step 1
Concept
No current productive service is received in return for pension. Do not add transfer payments to GDP.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह transfer payment है / Because it is a transfer payment. No current productive service is received in return for pension. Do not add transfer payments to GDP.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Pension के बदले current productive service नहीं मिलती। परीक्षा में transfer payments को GDP में न जोड़ें।
A. Current final output के रूप में शामिल होगा/It will be included as current final output
Step 1
Concept
A new house is final capital output of the current year. Include new construction in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Current final output के रूप में शामिल होगा / It will be included as current final output. A new house is final capital output of the current year. Include new construction in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
नया मकान current year का final capital output है। परीक्षा में new construction को include करें।
A. Nominal current prices पर, Real constant prices पर/Nominal at current prices, Real at constant prices
Step 1
Concept
Nominal GDP is at current prices and Real GDP is at constant prices. Identify price basis carefully.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Nominal current prices पर, Real constant prices पर / Nominal at current prices, Real at constant prices. Nominal GDP is at current prices and Real GDP is at constant prices. Identify price basis carefully.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Nominal GDP current prices और Real GDP constant prices पर होता है। परीक्षा में price basis को ध्यान से पहचानें।
A. \(GDP\ Deflator=\frac{Nominal\ GDP}{Real\ GDP}\times100\)
Step 1
Concept
In GDP deflator, nominal GDP is in numerator and real GDP in denominator. Do not forget to multiply by 100.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. \(GDP\ Deflator=\frac{Nominal\ GDP}{Real\ GDP}\times100\). In GDP deflator, nominal GDP is in numerator and real GDP in denominator. Do not forget to multiply by 100.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP deflator में nominal GDP numerator में और real GDP denominator में होता है। परीक्षा में 100 से multiply करना न भूलें।
A. वास्तविक उत्पादन में वृद्धि/Increase in real output
Step 1
Concept
Real GDP shows output change at constant prices. Understand real growth as production growth.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. वास्तविक उत्पादन में वृद्धि / Increase in real output. Real GDP shows output change at constant prices. Understand real growth as production growth.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Real GDP constant prices पर output change दिखाता है। परीक्षा में real growth को production growth समझें।
A. Prices या output दोनों में वृद्धि/Increase in prices or output or both
Step 1
Concept
Nominal GDP is at current prices, so both price and quantity affect it. Do not always treat nominal growth as real growth.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Prices या output दोनों में वृद्धि / Increase in prices or output or both. Nominal GDP is at current prices, so both price and quantity affect it. Do not always treat nominal growth as real growth.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Nominal GDP current prices पर होता है इसलिए price और quantity दोनों का प्रभाव आता है। परीक्षा में nominal growth को हमेशा real growth न मानें।
Per capita GDP is calculated by dividing total GDP by population. Treat it as average output per person.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. \(GDP\ Per\ Capita=\frac{GDP}{Population}\). Per capita GDP is calculated by dividing total GDP by population. Treat it as average output per person.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Per capita GDP कुल GDP को population से divide करके निकाला जाता है। परीक्षा में इसे average output per person समझें।
A. Income inequality अधिक हो सकती है/Income inequality may be high
Step 1
Concept
GDP shows total output, not distribution. Treat inequality as a welfare limitation in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Income inequality अधिक हो सकती है / Income inequality may be high. GDP shows total output, not distribution. Treat inequality as a welfare limitation in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP total output दिखाता है, distribution नहीं। परीक्षा में inequality को welfare limitation समझें।
A. क्योंकि कई external costs market value में नहीं दिखते/Because many external costs do not appear in market value
Step 1
Concept
Negative externalities like pollution are not fully reflected in GDP. Distinguish output and welfare in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि कई external costs market value में नहीं दिखते / Because many external costs do not appear in market value. Negative externalities like pollution are not fully reflected in GDP. Distinguish output and welfare in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Pollution जैसी negative externalities GDP में पूरी तरह reflect नहीं होतीं। परीक्षा में output और welfare को अलग समझें।
A. विश्वसनीय data नहीं मिलता/Reliable data is not available
Step 1
Concept
Official and reliable records of illegal activities are difficult to get. Treat this as a measurement limitation.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. विश्वसनीय data नहीं मिलता / Reliable data is not available. Official and reliable records of illegal activities are difficult to get. Treat this as a measurement limitation.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Illegal activities का official और reliable record मिलना कठिन होता है। परीक्षा में इसे measurement limitation मानें।
A. Domestic territory पर, national residents पर आधारित/Domestic is based on territory, national is based on residents
Step 1
Concept
GDP is based on domestic territory and GNP is based on residents. Remember NFIA adjustment between them.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Domestic territory पर, national residents पर आधारित / Domestic is based on territory, national is based on residents. GDP is based on domestic territory and GNP is based on residents. Remember NFIA adjustment between them.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP domestic territory पर based है और GNP residents पर based है। परीक्षा में दोनों के बीच NFIA adjustment याद रखें।
A. यह घरेलू क्षेत्र में final goods and services का gross value है/It is the gross value of final goods and services in domestic territory
Step 1
Concept
The basic idea of GDP is gross value of domestic final output. Remember gross, domestic and final output as three keywords.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. यह घरेलू क्षेत्र में final goods and services का gross value है / It is the gross value of final goods and services in domestic territory. The basic idea of GDP is gross value of domestic final output. Remember gross, domestic and final output as three keywords.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP का basic idea domestic final output का gross value है। परीक्षा में gross, domestic और final output तीनों keywords याद रखें।
GNP (=GDP+NFIA=4200+(-200)=4000) crore. In exams apply the sign carefully while adding negative NFIA.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. ₹4000 करोड़ / ₹4000 crore. GNP (=GDP+NFIA=4200+(-200)=4000) crore. In exams apply the sign carefully while adding negative NFIA.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GNP (=GDP+NFIA=4200+(-200)=4000) करोड़ होगा। परीक्षा में negative NFIA को जोड़ते समय sign ध्यान से लगाएं।
