A. निजी अंतिम उपभोग व्यय/Private final consumption expenditure
Step 1
Concept
Purchase of a new consumer durable by a household comes under private final consumption. In exams, place household final purchases under consumption.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. निजी अंतिम उपभोग व्यय / Private final consumption expenditure. Purchase of a new consumer durable by a household comes under private final consumption. In exams, place household final purchases under consumption.
Step 3
Exam Tip
परिवार द्वारा नई उपभोक्ता टिकाऊ वस्तु की खरीद private final consumption में आती है। परीक्षा में household final purchases को consumption में रखें।
B. क्योंकि वे चालू उत्पादन हैं और inventory investment माने जाते हैं/Because they are current output and treated as inventory investment
Step 1
Concept
GDP measures production, not only sales. In exams, connect unsold goods with change in stock.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. क्योंकि वे चालू उत्पादन हैं और inventory investment माने जाते हैं / Because they are current output and treated as inventory investment. GDP measures production, not only sales. In exams, connect unsold goods with change in stock.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP उत्पादन को मापती है, केवल बिक्री को नहीं। परीक्षा में unsold goods को change in stock से जोड़ें।
B. एक पुराने मकान की पुनर्विक्रय राशि/Resale value of an old house
Step 1
Concept
Resale value of an old house is not current production. In exams, distinguish between resale value and brokerage service.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. एक पुराने मकान की पुनर्विक्रय राशि / Resale value of an old house. Resale value of an old house is not current production. In exams, distinguish between resale value and brokerage service.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पुराने मकान की पुनर्विक्रय राशि चालू उत्पादन नहीं है। परीक्षा में resale value और brokerage service में अंतर रखें।
A. वे market price को factor cost से ऊपर कर सकते हैं/They can make market price higher than factor cost
Step 1
Concept
Indirect taxes raise the market price paid by consumers. In exams, remember the opposite effect of subsidy.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. वे market price को factor cost से ऊपर कर सकते हैं / They can make market price higher than factor cost. Indirect taxes raise the market price paid by consumers. In exams, remember the opposite effect of subsidy.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Indirect taxes उपभोक्ता द्वारा चुकाई गई market price को बढ़ाते हैं। परीक्षा में subsidy का विपरीत प्रभाव याद रखें।
B. GDP at factor cost market price से अधिक हो सकता है/GDP at factor cost may be higher than market price
Step 1
Concept
When subsidy exceeds indirect taxes, NIT becomes negative. In exams, watch the sign in \(GDP_{FC}=GDP_{MP}-NIT\).
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. GDP at factor cost market price से अधिक हो सकता है / GDP at factor cost may be higher than market price. When subsidy exceeds indirect taxes, NIT becomes negative. In exams, watch the sign in \(GDP_{FC}=GDP_{MP}-NIT\).
Step 3
Exam Tip
जब subsidy indirect taxes से अधिक हो तो NIT ऋणात्मक हो जाता है। परीक्षा में \(GDP_{FC}=GDP_{MP}-NIT\) का संकेत ध्यान रखें।
B. GDP का पर्यावरणीय लागत को पूरी तरह न मापना/GDP not fully measuring environmental cost
Step 1
Concept
GDP shows production but not full damage to natural capital. In exams, remember GDP limitation for sustainable welfare.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. GDP का पर्यावरणीय लागत को पूरी तरह न मापना / GDP not fully measuring environmental cost. GDP shows production but not full damage to natural capital. In exams, remember GDP limitation for sustainable welfare.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP उत्पादन दिखाती है पर प्राकृतिक पूंजी की क्षति पूरी तरह नहीं दिखाती। परीक्षा में sustainable welfare के लिए GDP limitation याद रखें।
A. मालिक द्वारा स्वयं उपयोग किए गए मकान की आवास सेवा/Housing service of an owner-occupied house
Step 1
Concept
Imputed rent of housing service of an owner-occupied house may be added. In exams, treat imputed rent as an included item.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मालिक द्वारा स्वयं उपयोग किए गए मकान की आवास सेवा / Housing service of an owner-occupied house. Imputed rent of housing service of an owner-occupied house may be added. In exams, treat imputed rent as an included item.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Owner occupied house की housing service का अनुमानित किराया जोड़ा जा सकता है। परीक्षा में imputed rent को शामिल मद मानें।
B. निर्यात के रूप में जोड़ा जाता है/It is added as export
Step 1
Concept
Export is foreign demand for domestic output. In exams, add exports in GDP expenditure.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. निर्यात के रूप में जोड़ा जाता है / It is added as export. Export is foreign demand for domestic output. In exams, add exports in GDP expenditure.
Step 3
Exam Tip
निर्यात घरेलू उत्पादन पर विदेशी मांग है। परीक्षा में exports को GDP expenditure में जोड़ें।
