Business Studies

Techniques of scientific management

Q: If production route is wrong but materials and tools are available on time which specialist is related?

Route clerk The direct answer is B: route clerk. In functional foremanship, the route clerk decides the route, order and sequence through which a job should move during production. If the production route is wrong, the work may visit machines in the wrong order even when materials and tools arrive on time. Option A, gang boss, is wrong because the gang boss arranges workers and materials and starts the work, but does not primarily decide the production route. Option B is correct because route planning is the route clerk’s special responsibility. Option C, repair boss, is wrong because that specialist repairs or maintains machines; the problem says the route is wrong, not that a machine is broken. Option D, inspector, is wrong because the inspector checks quality after or during production rather than deciding the route. The key distinction is simple: route means where and in what order the job travels; setup means preparing the workplace and equipment.

Q: If tools are not arranged before work starts but route is correct whose role is weak?

Gang boss Gang boss looks after preparation before work starts. Exam tip: connect setup before work with gang boss.

Q: If too many product variants are increasing setup cost which technique will be useful?

Simplification Reducing unnecessary variants may reduce setup and storage cost. Exam tip: connect high variety cost with simplification.

Q: If the same material quality is taken from all suppliers which technique is shown?

Standardisation Setting material quality standard is standardisation. Exam tip: connect supplier material standard with standardisation.

Q: A worker produces 52 units. Standard is also 52 units. What should be checked before deciding wage rate?

Rate policy applicable at standard For output equal to standard the rate policy must be clear. Exam tip: read policy in equal to standard cases.

Q: A job has 360 minutes available and takes 6 minutes per unit. What is the standard output?

60 units Standard output is calculated by dividing total available time by the time required per unit: \(360 \div 6 = 60\). Therefore, the standard output in 360 minutes is 60 units. Producing 55 units would take only 330 minutes, so it does not represent the output for the full available time. Exam tip: in time-study questions, use \(\text{total available time} \div \text{time per unit}\).

Q: If workers’ error rate increases after noon due to tiredness which study should be conducted?

Fatigue study Fatigue study fixes proper rest and causes of fatigue. Exam tip: connect error due to fatigue with fatigue study.

Q: If unnecessary bending movement of a worker is reduced but the whole process does not change which study is main?

Motion study Motion study examines the movements made by a worker while completing a task. Its purpose is to identify unnecessary, tiring, or wasteful motions and remove or reduce them. The key clue here is the reduction of an unnecessary bending movement, which is a particular body movement rather than a redesign of the entire production procedure. Therefore option A, Motion study, is correct. Method study examines the complete method or process of doing a job, time study determines the standard time, and simplification reduces unnecessary variety in products or tasks. Since the question specifically focuses on bending movement while leaving the whole process unchanged, motion study is the best match. The supplied explanation is correct.

Q: If waiting time repeatedly occurs in work flow which study will be useful first?

Method study Removing waiting time in a process is related to method study. Exam tip: connect process delay with method study.

Q: If uniform size and uniform quality standards are fixed what is the most direct benefit in production?

Uniformity will come Standardisation brings uniformity in production. Exam tip: treat uniformity as a benefit of standardisation.

In Class 12 Business Studies, this topic explains how Frederick Winslow Taylor applied scientific methods to improve efficiency and productivity in the workplace. Students learn about functional foremanship, standardisation and simplification of work, method study, motion study, time study, fatigue study, and the differential piece wage system. The chapter connects these techniques with work planning, employee performance, time management, cost control, and the systematic application of management principles.

Medium · Level 4 · 25 questions

Practice questions

01If production route is wrong but materials and tools are available on time which specialist is related?

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Answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Route clerk

The direct answer is B: route clerk. In functional foremanship, the route clerk decides the route, order and sequence through which a job should move during production. If the production route is wrong, the work may visit machines in the wrong order even when materials and tools arrive on time. Option A, gang boss, is wrong because the gang boss arranges workers and materials and starts the work, but does not primarily decide the production route. Option B is correct because route planning is the route clerk’s special responsibility. Option C, repair boss, is wrong because that specialist repairs or maintains machines; the problem says the route is wrong, not that a machine is broken. Option D, inspector, is wrong because the inspector checks quality after or during production rather than deciding the route. The key distinction is simple: route means where and in what order the job travels; setup means preparing the workplace and equipment.

Techniques of scientific management

Practice questions

03If too many product variants are increasing setup cost which technique will be useful?यदि बहुत अधिक product variants से setup cost बढ़ रही है तो कौन सी technique उपयोगी होगी?

04If the same material quality is taken from all suppliers which technique is shown?यदि सभी suppliers से एक जैसी सामग्री गुणवत्ता ली जाती है तो कौन सी technique दिखती है?

09If waiting time repeatedly occurs in work flow which study will be useful first?यदि work flow में बार बार waiting time आता है तो कौन सा अध्ययन पहले उपयोगी होगा?

11If 24 packing sizes are reduced to 6 necessary sizes which technique is applied?यदि 24 पैकिंग sizes घटाकर 6 जरूरी sizes रखे गए तो कौन सी technique लागू हुई?

12If a worker gives higher output but rejected units also increase what control is needed?यदि श्रमिक higher output देता है लेकिन rejected units भी बढ़ती हैं तो किस control की जरूरत है?

13Standard is 85 units. A worker produces 82 units and low rate is ₹5. What will be the wage?मानक 85 इकाई है। श्रमिक 82 इकाई बनाता है और निम्न दर ₹5 है। मजदूरी कितनी होगी?

15If rest intervals are too short and productivity falls which study will decide the balance?यदि rest intervals बहुत कम हैं और productivity गिरती है तो कौन सा study balance तय करेगा?

17In which situation is the role of time and cost clerk most clear?किस स्थिति में समय और लागत क्लर्क की भूमिका सबसे स्पष्ट है?

19If the machine is defective before production which specialist will act first?यदि production से पहले मशीन खराब है तो कौन सा specialist पहले active होगा?

20What can be a limitation of functional foremanship?कार्यात्मक फोरमैनशिप की कौन सी सीमा हो सकती है?

21Which pair is incorrect?कौन सा जोड़ा गलत है?

22If quality standards are fixed but product options are too many which technique is still needed?यदि quality standards तय हैं लेकिन product options बहुत अधिक हैं तो कौन सी technique अभी चाहिए?

23If product variety is low but packaging measurement differs in every lot which technique is incomplete?यदि product variety कम है लेकिन packaging measurement हर lot में अलग है तो कौन सी technique अधूरी है?

24Standard is 95 units. A worker produces 98 units and high rate is ₹4. What will be the wage?मानक 95 इकाई है। श्रमिक 98 इकाई बनाता है और उच्च दर ₹4 है। मजदूरी कितनी होगी?

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Analytics choices

03If too many product variants are increasing setup cost which technique will be useful?

04If the same material quality is taken from all suppliers which technique is shown?

09If waiting time repeatedly occurs in work flow which study will be useful first?

11If 24 packing sizes are reduced to 6 necessary sizes which technique is applied?

12If a worker gives higher output but rejected units also increase what control is needed?

13Standard is 85 units. A worker produces 82 units and low rate is ₹5. What will be the wage?

15If rest intervals are too short and productivity falls which study will decide the balance?

17In which situation is the role of time and cost clerk most clear?

19If the machine is defective before production which specialist will act first?

20What can be a limitation of functional foremanship?

21Which pair is incorrect?

22If quality standards are fixed but product options are too many which technique is still needed?

23If product variety is low but packaging measurement differs in every lot which technique is incomplete?

24Standard is 95 units. A worker produces 98 units and high rate is ₹4. What will be the wage?