Fayol’s principles of management

Correct answer: A. To make management clearer systematic and effective

Fayol's principles give better direction to managerial work. Exam tip: remember systematic and effective management.

Correct answer: B. Fayol

Henri Fayol formulated fourteen general principles of management, making option B correct. These principles include division of work, authority and responsibility, discipline, unity of command, unity of direction, subordination of individual interest, remuneration, centralisation, scalar chain, order, equity, stability of personnel, initiative, and esprit de corps. They were intended as flexible guidelines for managing organisations rather than as rigid mechanical laws. Taylor is chiefly associated with scientific management, including scientific study of work, standardisation, and differential piece-rate ideas. Elton Mayo is linked with the human-relations approach, while Henry Gantt is known for scheduling and related management techniques. Thus the defining association is fourteen principles with Fayol.

Correct answer: B. Fayol

The correct answer is Fayol because unity of command is one of Henri Fayol’s fourteen principles of management. It states that an employee should receive orders from only one superior for a particular task. This avoids conflicting instructions, uncertainty, and divided accountability. Taylor is associated mainly with scientific management, including work-study techniques, while Gantt contributed to planning and scheduling ideas. The Gilbreths are associated with motion study and improving work movements. Therefore, the clue “one employee–one superior” clearly identifies Fayol’s administrative principles.

Correct answer: A. Division of work

Option A, division of work, is one of Henri Fayol’s fourteen principles of management. The principle recommends specialisation so that employees can develop expertise and perform tasks more efficiently, while responsibilities are allocated in an organised manner. Time study, motion study, and method study are associated with Taylor’s scientific-management techniques rather than Fayol’s administrative principles. Time study determines the standard time for a task, motion study analyses movements to remove unnecessary effort, and method study searches for the best way to perform work. Hence, division of work is the only Fayolian example in the list.