Fayol’s principles of management

Q: What should a manager do to increase esprit de corps?

Promote cooperation and unity within the team Fayol’s principle of esprit de corps means developing team spirit, cooperation and unity among employees. Therefore, promoting cooperation and unity within the team is correct. Separating employees or limiting communication weakens collective spirit. Exam tip: remember esprit de corps as the principle of “unity is strength.”

Q: Which principle talks about dividing work into smaller parts to increase efficiency?

Division of work Division of work increases specialisation and efficiency. Exam tip: connect divide work with division of work.

Q: According to Fayol what should accompany authority?

Responsibility The direct answer is A: responsibility. Fayol’s principle says authority and responsibility should go together. Authority is the right to give orders and use organisational resources; responsibility is the duty to perform the assigned work and answer for its results. Step by step: a manager receives authority to direct a task; that power must be matched by a duty to complete and supervise the task; if results are poor, the responsible person must explain them. Authority without responsibility may lead to misuse of power, while responsibility without enough authority makes performance difficult. Option A is correct. Option B, leave, is an employee absence and has no necessary pair with authority. Option C, confusion, is an undesirable condition. Option D, disorder, is also contrary to sound management. Memory cue: in Fayol, authority and responsibility are a matched pair, like power and accountability.

Q: According to which principle is there a chain of authority from top to bottom in an organisation?

Scalar chain Scalar chain shows the line of authority from top to bottom. Exam tip: remember top to bottom chain.

Q: What is the main use of a gang plank?

A shortcut for quick communication In Fayol’s scalar chain, communication normally follows the formal line of authority from one level to the next. A gang plank is a permitted shortcut between employees or managers at the same level when urgent communication is necessary, provided the relevant superiors are informed. Hence option A is correct. It does not stop wages, abolish discipline or prevent division of work. The device preserves the value of the scalar chain while avoiding unnecessary delay in an urgent situation, so it is an exception for communication, not a rejection of organisational authority.

Q: Which Fayol principle says employees should follow rules?

Discipline Discipline is related to following rules and orders. Exam tip: remember discipline equals obedience.

Q: In which principle is the general goal of the organisation kept above personal goal?

Subordination of individual interest to general interest This principle keeps organisational interest above personal interest. Exam tip: remember general interest first.

Q: If all major decisions are taken only by top management this relates to what?

Centralisation Keeping decision authority at top level is centralisation. Exam tip: connect centralisation with top decisions.

Q: If decision-making authority is given to lower-level managers, what does this relate to?

Decentralisation Decentralisation means the systematic dispersal of decision-making authority to lower levels of management. When lower-level managers receive authority to decide matters within their responsibility, decisions can be taken closer to the point of action, local initiative can improve and senior managers may focus on broader issues. Therefore, option B is correct. Centralisation concentrates authority at higher levels and is the opposite arrangement. Discipline concerns obedience and orderly conduct, while remuneration concerns fair payment; neither describes the location or distribution of decision-making power.

Q: One plan for one objective is part of which principle?

Unity of direction The direct answer is A, unity of direction. Fayol’s unity of direction means that activities having the same objective should follow one plan and one head. The reasoning is: identify one common objective; group the activities serving that objective; prepare one coordinated plan; place them under one manager or direction. This avoids conflicting plans and duplicated effort. Option A is correct. Option B, unity of command, is different: it means one employee should receive orders from one superior. It concerns the source of orders, not one plan for one objective. Option C, equity, means fair and kind treatment of employees, so it does not describe planning. Option D, initiative, means allowing employees to suggest and carry out plans; it is valuable but is not the principle stated here. Memory cue: unity of direction equals one head, one plan, one objective.

01What should a manager do to increase esprit de corps?

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Answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Promote cooperation and unity within the team

Fayol’s principle of esprit de corps means developing team spirit, cooperation and unity among employees. Therefore, promoting cooperation and unity within the team is correct. Separating employees or limiting communication weakens collective spirit. Exam tip: remember esprit de corps as the principle of “unity is strength.”

Practice questions

01What should a manager do to increase esprit de corps?दल भावना बढ़ाने के लिए प्रबंधक को क्या करना चाहिए?

02Which principle talks about dividing work into smaller parts to increase efficiency?किस सिद्धांत में काम को छोटे भागों में बाँटकर दक्षता बढ़ाने की बात होती है?

03According to Fayol what should accompany authority?फेयोल के अनुसार अधिकार के साथ क्या होना चाहिए?

04According to which principle is there a chain of authority from top to bottom in an organisation?किस सिद्धांत के अनुसार संगठन में ऊपर से नीचे तक अधिकार की श्रृंखला होती है?

05What is the main use of a gang plank?गैंग प्लैंक का मुख्य उपयोग क्या है?

06Which Fayol principle says employees should follow rules?फेयोल का कौन सा सिद्धांत कहता है कि कर्मचारियों को नियमों का पालन करना चाहिए?

07In which principle is the general goal of the organisation kept above personal goal?किस सिद्धांत में संगठन के सामान्य लक्ष्य को निजी लक्ष्य से ऊपर रखा जाता है?

08If all major decisions are taken only by top management this relates to what?यदि सभी बड़े निर्णय केवल उच्च प्रबंधन लेता है तो यह किससे संबंधित है?

10One plan for one objective is part of which principle?एक ही उद्देश्य के लिए एक ही योजना किस सिद्धांत का भाग है?

11An employee receiving orders from only one superior is an example of which principle?एक कर्मचारी को एक ही वरिष्ठ से आदेश मिलना किस सिद्धांत का उदाहरण है?

16Which principle talks about keeping employee transfers and turnover low?किस सिद्धांत में कर्मचारी स्थानांतरण और नौकरी छोड़ने की दर कम रखने की बात होती है?

18Developing a feeling of 'we' in a team is related to which principle?टीम में 'हम' की भावना विकसित करना किस सिद्धांत से संबंधित है?

19Which principle talks about placing the right person in the right job and right place?किस सिद्धांत में सही व्यक्ति को सही काम और सही स्थान पर रखने की बात होती है?

20In scalar chain normal communication moves in which direction?स्केलर श्रृंखला में सामान्य संचार किस दिशा में चलता है?

23If authority is partly given to lower levels in an organisation what may increase?यदि संगठन में अधिकार कुछ हद तक निचले स्तरों को दिया जाता है तो क्या बढ़ सकता है?

24Which option gives the correct group of Fayol's principles?किस विकल्प में फेयोल के सिद्धांतों का सही समूह दिया गया है?

25What is the most correct summary of Fayol's principles?फेयोल के सिद्धांतों का सबसे सही सार क्या है?

Analytics choices

01What should a manager do to increase esprit de corps?

02Which principle talks about dividing work into smaller parts to increase efficiency?

03According to Fayol what should accompany authority?

04According to which principle is there a chain of authority from top to bottom in an organisation?

05What is the main use of a gang plank?

06Which Fayol principle says employees should follow rules?

07In which principle is the general goal of the organisation kept above personal goal?

08If all major decisions are taken only by top management this relates to what?

10One plan for one objective is part of which principle?

11An employee receiving orders from only one superior is an example of which principle?

16Which principle talks about keeping employee transfers and turnover low?

18Developing a feeling of 'we' in a team is related to which principle?

19Which principle talks about placing the right person in the right job and right place?

20In scalar chain normal communication moves in which direction?

23If authority is partly given to lower levels in an organisation what may increase?

24Which option gives the correct group of Fayol's principles?

25What is the most correct summary of Fayol's principles?