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Subjects

Science

Variables in an experiment

In Class 9 Science, within “Exploration: Entering the World of Secondary Science,” students learn how variables shape a scientific experiment. They distinguish the independent variable that is deliberately changed, the dependent variable that is measured, and controlled variables kept constant for a fair test. The topic develops skills in planning investigations, recording observations, comparing results, identifying patterns, and drawing evidence-based conclusions while recognising sources of error.

Hard · Level 3 · 25 questions

Practice questions

01A student investigates the effect of light duration on plant growth. The student changes light duration and measures plant height. Which is the independent variable?

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02In an experiment on the effect of temperature on seed germination the percentage of germinated seeds is recorded. Which is the dependent variable?

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03While testing the effect of wing length on the flight distance of a paper airplane each airplane is thrown with the same force. What type of variable is the kept-same force?

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04An experiment tests the effect of water temperature on dissolving rate. The amount of sugar is also changed with temperature. What is the main problem?

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05A student investigates the relationship between fertilizer amount and number of leaves. The plants are kept in pots of different sizes. What can pot size become?

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06If the effect of sound intensity on concentration is investigated which would be the most suitable dependent variable?

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07In an experiment enzyme activity is measured at four temperatures. A different enzyme concentration is used at each temperature. Why are the results unreliable?

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08A student changes the distance from a magnet and measures attraction force. Changing distance from (2,\text{cm}) to (10,\text{cm}) is an example of what?

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09In an experiment on light intensity and photosynthesis bubbles released per minute by an aquatic plant are counted. What does the bubble count represent?

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10Pulse rate is measured after exercise in two groups. One group runs for five minutes and the other cycles for ten minutes. What is the biggest flaw in this design?

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11A student tests the effect of soap amount on foam height. The bottle is shaken a different number of times in each trial. What should be done with the number of shakes?

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12While testing the effect of salt concentration on the mass of potato pieces the initial masses differ. What is the best improvement?

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13In an experiment temperature is continuously measured but not deliberately changed. If temperature can affect the result what type of variable is it?

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14If only two very close values of the independent variable are used in an experiment what is the main difficulty?

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15A student claims that plant species is the dependent variable because the plant is observed at the end. Why is this claim incorrect?

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16In an experiment the number of batteries is changed and bulb brightness is rated on a scale from one to five. Which statement is correct?

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17To test the effect of acid concentration on reaction time which variable is most essential to keep the same?

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18In the same experiment liquid volume is measured using different measuring cylinders with different precision. This problem is related to which variable?

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19A student investigates how ramp angle affects the speed of a toy car. The car is released from a different starting point in each trial. Which conclusion is appropriate?

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20Plants are grown in four soil types but each soil receives a different amount of water. What should be done to isolate the effect of soil type?

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21If the question is whether wire length affects its resistance which is the appropriate variable pair?

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22An experiment tests the effect of water depth on pressure. Liquids of different densities are used at different depths. What difficulty does this create?

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23To investigate the effect of surface area on evaporation rate which dependent variable is most clearly defined?

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24A student applies the values of the independent variable in a random order. What is the main advantage?

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25In which situation should age be a controlled variable?

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