Net addition to capital stock equals net investment and (500 - 180 = 320). In exams, deduct depreciation to find net addition.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. (320). Net addition to capital stock equals net investment and (500 - 180 = 320). In exams, deduct depreciation to find net addition.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पूंजी स्टॉक में शुद्ध जोड़ शुद्ध निवेश के बराबर होता है और (500 - 180 = 320) है। परीक्षा में शुद्ध जोड़ निकालने के लिए मूल्यह्रास घटाएँ।
Using (Net\ investment = Gross\ investment - Depreciation), depreciation is (200). In exams, do not get confused by negative net investment.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. (200). Using (Net\ investment = Gross\ investment - Depreciation), depreciation is (200). In exams, do not get confused by negative net investment.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सूत्र के अनुसार (Net\ investment = Gross\ investment - Depreciation), इसलिए मूल्यह्रास (200) होगा। परीक्षा में ऋणात्मक शुद्ध निवेश देखकर घबराएँ नहीं।
A fall of (20) in capital stock means net investment is (-20), so depreciation is (320). In exams, connect stock change with net investment.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. (320). A fall of (20) in capital stock means net investment is (-20), so depreciation is (320). In exams, connect stock change with net investment.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पूंजी स्टॉक में (20) की कमी का अर्थ शुद्ध निवेश (-20) है, इसलिए मूल्यह्रास (320) होगा। परीक्षा में stock change को net investment से जोड़ें।
The increase in capital stock is net investment (70), so depreciation is (250 - 70 = 180). In exams, treat net addition as net investment.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. (180). The increase in capital stock is net investment (70), so depreciation is (250 - 70 = 180). In exams, treat net addition as net investment.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पूंजी स्टॉक में वृद्धि शुद्ध निवेश (70) है, इसलिए मूल्यह्रास (250 - 70 = 180) है। परीक्षा में net addition को शुद्ध निवेश मानें।
C. जब शुद्ध निवेश शून्य हो/When net investment is zero
Step 1
Concept
When net investment is zero, gross investment only replaces worn-out capital. In exams, connect replacement investment with depreciation cover.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. जब शुद्ध निवेश शून्य हो / When net investment is zero. When net investment is zero, gross investment only replaces worn-out capital. In exams, connect replacement investment with depreciation cover.
Step 3
Exam Tip
शुद्ध निवेश शून्य होने पर सकल निवेश केवल घिसी पूंजी की भरपाई करता है। परीक्षा में replacement investment को depreciation cover से जोड़ें।
B. सकल निवेश शुद्ध निवेश और मूल्यह्रास का योग है/Gross investment is the sum of net investment and depreciation
Step 1
Concept
Gross investment includes net addition to capital and replacement of worn-out capital. In exams, understand gross as total investment.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. सकल निवेश शुद्ध निवेश और मूल्यह्रास का योग है / Gross investment is the sum of net investment and depreciation. Gross investment includes net addition to capital and replacement of worn-out capital. In exams, understand gross as total investment.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सकल निवेश में पूंजी का शुद्ध जोड़ और घिसी पूंजी की भरपाई दोनों शामिल होते हैं। परीक्षा में gross को total investment समझें।
To get the gross measure, add depreciation to the net measure, so (840 + 90 = 930). In exams, add depreciation when moving from net to gross.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. (930). To get the gross measure, add depreciation to the net measure, so (840 + 90 = 930). In exams, add depreciation when moving from net to gross.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सकल माप निकालने के लिए शुद्ध माप में मूल्यह्रास जोड़ते हैं, इसलिए (840 + 90 = 930) है। परीक्षा में net से gross जाते समय depreciation जोड़ें।
B. स्थिर पूंजी के मूल्य में सामान्य उपयोग और अप्रचलन से कमी/Fall in fixed capital value due to normal use and obsolescence
Step 1
Concept
Depreciation is the fall in value of fixed capital due to normal wear and obsolescence. In exams, treat it as consumption of fixed capital.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. स्थिर पूंजी के मूल्य में सामान्य उपयोग और अप्रचलन से कमी / Fall in fixed capital value due to normal use and obsolescence. Depreciation is the fall in value of fixed capital due to normal wear and obsolescence. In exams, treat it as consumption of fixed capital.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मूल्यह्रास स्थिर पूंजी की सामान्य घिसावट और अप्रचलन से मूल्य कमी है। परीक्षा में इसे fixed capital consumption मानें।
Replacement investment covers depreciation, so net investment is (400 - 150 = 250). In exams, treat replacement as equal to depreciation.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. (250). Replacement investment covers depreciation, so net investment is (400 - 150 = 250). In exams, treat replacement as equal to depreciation.
Step 3
Exam Tip
प्रतिस्थापन निवेश मूल्यह्रास की भरपाई है, इसलिए शुद्ध निवेश (400 - 150 = 250) होगा। परीक्षा में replacement को depreciation के बराबर मानें।
