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Class 11 Biotechnology - Processes Of Recombinant Dna Technology - Cutting of DNA Easy Quiz

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Restriction digestion में सबसे पहले कौन सा question पूछना चाहिए?

What question should be asked first in restriction digestion?

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A. मुझे DNA कहाँ cut करना हैWhere do I need to cut DNA

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Cutting goal साफ होने पर enzyme choice सही होती है। Cloning planning का पहला step target site समझना है। / When the cutting goal is clear enzyme choice becomes correct. The first step in cloning planning is understanding target site.

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Cutting of DNA में enzyme selection का सबसे बड़ा आधार क्या है?

What is the biggest basis of enzyme selection in Cutting of DNA?

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A. recognition site और desired endsRecognition site and desired ends

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Enzyme वही चुना जाता है जिसका recognition site useful हो और ends cloning के लिए suitable हों। / The enzyme is chosen when its recognition site is useful and ends are suitable for cloning.

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Restriction enzyme DNA में random cutting क्यों नहीं करता?

Why does a restriction enzyme not cut DNA randomly?

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A. क्योंकि वह specific recognition sequence पहचानता हैBecause it recognizes a specific recognition sequence

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Restriction enzymes specific sequences पर bind करते हैं। इसलिए cut pattern predictable होता है। / Restriction enzymes bind to specific sequences. Therefore the cut pattern is predictable.

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Predictable cutting recombinant DNA technology में क्यों जरूरी है?

Why is predictable cutting necessary in recombinant DNA technology?

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A. planned fragments और compatible ends पाने के लिएTo obtain planned fragments and compatible ends

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Recombinant DNA में insert और vector को planned way में तैयार करना होता है। Predictable cutting cloning success बढ़ाती है। / In recombinant DNA insert and vector must be prepared in a planned way. Predictable cutting increases cloning success.

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Restriction enzyme reaction का target molecule क्या है?

What is the target molecule of a restriction enzyme reaction?

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A. DNA

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Restriction enzymes DNA substrate पर काम करते हैं। वे DNA backbone के phosphodiester bonds काटते हैं। / Restriction enzymes act on DNA substrate. They cut phosphodiester bonds in the DNA backbone.

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DNA backbone cutting किस bond से संबंधित है?

DNA backbone cutting is related to which bond?

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A. phosphodiester bond

Explanation

Simple Explanation

DNA backbone phosphodiester bonds से बना होता है। Restriction enzymes इन्हीं bonds को काटते हैं। / DNA backbone is made of phosphodiester bonds. Restriction enzymes cut these bonds.

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Restriction enzyme को endonuclease क्यों कहा जाता है?

Why is a restriction enzyme called an endonuclease?

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A. क्योंकि यह nucleic acid chain के अंदर cut करता हैBecause it cuts inside a nucleic acid chain

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Endonuclease nucleic acid के internal phosphodiester bonds काटता है। Restriction enzymes इसी group में हैं। / An endonuclease cuts internal phosphodiester bonds in nucleic acids. Restriction enzymes are in this group.

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Exonuclease और restriction endonuclease में मुख्य अंतर क्या है?

What is the main difference between exonuclease and restriction endonuclease?

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A. Exonuclease ends से हटाता है और restriction endonuclease अंदर specific site काटता हैExonuclease removes from ends and restriction endonuclease cuts internal specific site

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Restriction endonuclease specific internal sites काटता है। Exonuclease nucleotides ends से remove करता है। / Restriction endonuclease cuts specific internal sites. Exonuclease removes nucleotides from ends.

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Restriction enzymes naturally bacteria में किस काम आते हैं?

What is the natural role of restriction enzymes in bacteria?

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A. foreign DNA से defenseDefense against foreign DNA

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Bacteria restriction enzymes से foreign DNA को काट सकते हैं। यह defense mechanism है। / Bacteria can cut foreign DNA using restriction enzymes. This is a defense mechanism.

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Bacterial host अपने DNA को अपने restriction enzyme से कैसे बचाता है?

How does bacterial host protect its own DNA from its restriction enzyme?

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A. methylation द्वाराBy methylation

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Host DNA methylation own recognition sites को protect कर सकती है। Foreign unmethylated DNA cut हो सकता है। / Host DNA methylation can protect its own recognition sites. Foreign unmethylated DNA can be cut.

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Restriction modification system में modification क्या दर्शाता है?

What does modification show in restriction modification system?

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A. host DNA methylation

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Modification part host DNA को methylate करके protection देता है। Restriction part foreign DNA काटता है। / The modification part protects host DNA by methylation. The restriction part cuts foreign DNA.

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Restriction enzyme naming में organism source क्यों पूछा जा सकता है?

Why can organism source be asked in restriction enzyme naming?

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A. नाम source organism से derived होता हैThe name is derived from source organism

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Restriction enzyme names organism genus species strain और discovery order से जुड़े हो सकते हैं। यह exam fact है। / Restriction enzyme names can relate to organism genus species strain and discovery order. This is an exam fact.

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EcoRI नाम में Roman numeral I क्या दिखाता है?

What does Roman numeral I in EcoRI show?

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A. first enzyme discovered from that strain

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Roman numeral discovery order बताता है। EcoRI में I first identified enzyme को दर्शाता है। / The Roman numeral indicates discovery order. In EcoRI I indicates the first identified enzyme.

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EcoRI जैसे enzyme का common exam identity क्या है?

What is the common exam identity of an enzyme like EcoRI?

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A. restriction endonuclease

Explanation

Simple Explanation

EcoRI एक restriction endonuclease है। यह specific sequence पर DNA काटता है। / EcoRI is a restriction endonuclease. It cuts DNA at a specific sequence.

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Palindromic recognition sequence में क्या विशेषता होती है?

What is the feature of a palindromic recognition sequence?

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A. दोनों strands opposite direction में समान पढ़े जाते हैंBoth strands read the same in opposite directions

Explanation

Simple Explanation

कई restriction enzymes palindromic DNA sequences पहचानते हैं। यह recognition specificity की key feature है। / Many restriction enzymes recognize palindromic DNA sequences. This is a key feature of recognition specificity.

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Restriction site की absence से क्या होगा?

What happens if the restriction site is absent?

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A. enzyme उस DNA को उस site पर नहीं काटेगाThe enzyme will not cut that DNA at that site

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Restriction enzyme को recognition site चाहिए। Site absent होने पर expected cut नहीं मिलेगा। / A restriction enzyme needs a recognition site. If the site is absent expected cut will not occur.

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Linear DNA में one cut site होने पर सामान्यतः कितने fragments बनते हैं?

How many fragments generally form from linear DNA with one cut site?

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A. दो fragmentsTwo fragments

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Linear DNA में एक cut दो fragments बनाता है। Fragment number cut sites पर निर्भर करता है। / One cut in linear DNA makes two fragments. Fragment number depends on cut sites.

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Linear DNA में तीन cut sites हों तो सामान्यतः कितने fragments बनेंगे?

If linear DNA has three cut sites how many fragments generally form?

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B. चार fragmentsFour fragments

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Linear DNA में number of fragments usually cut sites plus one होता है। तीन cuts से चार fragments बनते हैं। / In linear DNA number of fragments is usually cut sites plus one. Three cuts make four fragments.

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Circular DNA में one cut site होने पर क्या बनता है?

What forms when circular DNA has one cut site?

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A. linear DNA molecule

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Circular DNA एक जगह कटकर linear form बन जाता है। यह plasmid linearization है। / Circular DNA cut at one site becomes a linear form. This is plasmid linearization.

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Circular plasmid में two cut sites होने पर सामान्यतः क्या मिलेगा?

What is generally obtained when a circular plasmid has two cut sites?

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A. दो DNA fragmentsTwo DNA fragments

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Circular DNA पर two cuts दो fragments बनाते हैं। यह insert release में useful हो सकता है। / Two cuts on circular DNA make two fragments. This can be useful in insert release.

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Restriction digest में fragment count क्यों important है?

Why is fragment count important in restriction digest?

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A. cut pattern verify करने के लिएTo verify cut pattern

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Fragment count expected map से match होना चाहिए। इससे digestion और construct verification होती है। / Fragment count should match the expected map. This verifies digestion and construct.

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Agarose gel electrophoresis DNA fragments को किस आधार पर अलग करता है?

Agarose gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments on what basis?

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A. size

Explanation

Simple Explanation

DNA fragments gel में size के अनुसार migrate करते हैं। छोटे fragments सामान्यतः तेज चलते हैं। / DNA fragments migrate according to size in gel. Smaller fragments generally move faster.

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Gel में DNA किस electrode की ओर बढ़ता है?

Toward which electrode does DNA move in a gel?

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A. positive electrode

Explanation

Simple Explanation

DNA phosphate backbone के कारण negatively charged होता है। इसलिए वह positive electrode की ओर जाता है। / DNA is negatively charged due to phosphate backbone. Therefore it moves toward positive electrode.

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DNA ladder का simplest purpose क्या है?

What is the simplest purpose of a DNA ladder?

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A. fragment size estimate करनाEstimating fragment size

Explanation

Simple Explanation

DNA ladder known size bands देता है। इससे sample fragments का approximate size निकाला जाता है। / DNA ladder gives known size bands. It helps estimate approximate size of sample fragments.

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Restriction digest gel में expected band absent हो तो first possibility क्या हो सकती है?

If expected band is absent in restriction digest gel what can be a first possibility?

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A. incomplete digestion या wrong cloneIncomplete digestion or wrong clone

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Expected band absent होना digestion failure wrong clone या low DNA दिखा सकता है। Controls check करें। / Absence of expected band can show digestion failure wrong clone or low DNA. Check controls.

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Very faint bands का common कारण क्या हो सकता है?

What can be a common reason for very faint bands?

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A. low DNA amount

Explanation

Simple Explanation

कम DNA loading faint bands दे सकती है। Sample concentration और loading amount देखें। / Low DNA loading can give faint bands. Check sample concentration and loading amount.

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Extra bands का एक कारण क्या हो सकता है?

What can be one cause of extra bands?

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A. partial digestion या star activityPartial digestion or star activity

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Extra bands incomplete cutting या non-specific cutting का संकेत दे सकते हैं। Reaction conditions check करें। / Extra bands can indicate incomplete cutting or non-specific cutting. Check reaction conditions.

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Restriction digest में smear का एक likely reason क्या है?

What is one likely reason for smear in restriction digest?

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A. degraded DNA

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Degraded DNA many fragment sizes देता है जो smear दिखा सकते हैं। DNA quality check करें। / Degraded DNA gives many fragment sizes that can appear as smear. Check DNA quality.

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Restriction digestion में clean sharp bands क्या संकेत दे सकते हैं?

What can clean sharp bands indicate in restriction digestion?

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A. good DNA quality और proper digestionGood DNA quality and proper digestion

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Sharp expected bands clean DNA और correct digestion का संकेत दे सकते हैं। फिर भी map से compare करना जरूरी है। / Sharp expected bands can indicate clean DNA and correct digestion. Still comparison with map is necessary.

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Restriction enzyme reaction के लिए DNA purity का कौन सा issue सबसे problematic हो सकता है?

Which DNA purity issue can be very problematic for restriction enzyme reaction?

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A. phenol ethanol या salt carryoverPhenol ethanol or salt carryover

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Phenol ethanol और salts enzyme activity inhibit कर सकते हैं। Digestion से पहले cleanup useful हो सकता है। / Phenol ethanol and salts can inhibit enzyme activity. Cleanup can be useful before digestion.

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Restriction digestion के लिए DNA quantification क्यों किया जाता है?

Why is DNA quantification done for restriction digestion?

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A. enzyme और DNA amount सही रखने के लिएTo keep enzyme and DNA amount correct

Explanation

Simple Explanation

DNA amount जानकर enzyme units और reaction setup सही किया जाता है। इससे digestion reliable होती है। / Knowing DNA amount helps set enzyme units and reaction correctly. This makes digestion reliable.

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Restriction enzyme unit क्यों important है?

Why is restriction enzyme unit important?

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A. enzyme activity amount समझने के लिएTo understand enzyme activity amount

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Enzyme units बताते हैं कि defined conditions में enzyme कितना DNA काट सकता है। Reaction setup में यह useful है। / Enzyme units show how much DNA the enzyme can cut under defined conditions. This is useful in reaction setup.

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Restriction digestion में too little enzyme का result क्या हो सकता है?

What can be the result of too little enzyme in restriction digestion?

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A. partial digestion

Explanation

Simple Explanation

कम enzyme सभी sites नहीं काट पाएगा। इससे incomplete या partial digest हो सकता है। / Too little enzyme may not cut all sites. This can cause incomplete or partial digest.

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Restriction digestion में too much enzyme का risk क्या है?

What is the risk of too much enzyme in restriction digestion?

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A. star activity या glycerol effectStar activity or glycerol effect

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Excess enzyme और glycerol specificity को प्रभावित कर सकते हैं। Recommended enzyme amount रखें। / Excess enzyme and glycerol can affect specificity. Use recommended enzyme amount.

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Restriction digestion में optimum temperature क्यों follow करते हैं?

Why is optimum temperature followed in restriction digestion?

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A. enzyme activity best रखने के लिएTo keep enzyme activity best

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Enzymes specific temperature range में best काम करते हैं। Wrong temperature digestion fail कर सकता है। / Enzymes work best in a specific temperature range. Wrong temperature can make digestion fail.

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Restriction digestion में buffer का pH क्यों important है?

Why is buffer pH important in restriction digestion?

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A. enzyme structure और activity support करने के लिएTo support enzyme structure and activity

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Enzyme activity pH से प्रभावित होती है। Correct buffer pH reaction success में मदद करता है। / Enzyme activity is affected by pH. Correct buffer pH helps reaction success.

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Restriction digestion में nuclease-free water क्यों जरूरी है?

Why is nuclease-free water necessary in restriction digestion?

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A. unwanted DNA degradation रोकने के लिएTo prevent unwanted DNA degradation

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Nuclease contamination DNA को unwanted fragments में तोड़ सकती है। Nuclease-free water sample बचाता है। / Nuclease contamination can break DNA into unwanted fragments. Nuclease-free water protects the sample.

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Restriction digestion में fresh sterile tips क्यों use करते हैं?

Why are fresh sterile tips used in restriction digestion?

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A. contamination और sample mix-up कम करने के लिएTo reduce contamination and sample mix-up

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Fresh tips nucleases और cross-contamination से बचाते हैं। यह clean reaction के लिए जरूरी है। / Fresh tips avoid nucleases and cross-contamination. This is needed for a clean reaction.

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Restriction digestion में sample mix-up रोकने का basic तरीका क्या है?

What is the basic way to prevent sample mix-up in restriction digestion?

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A. clear labelling और lane mapClear labelling and lane map

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Clear labels reactions को identify करते हैं और lane map gel interpretation बचाता है। यह record keeping का part है। / Clear labels identify reactions and lane map protects gel interpretation. This is part of record keeping.

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Restriction digestion में documentation में कौन सी details होनी चाहिए?

Which details should be in documentation for restriction digestion?

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A. enzyme buffer time temperature expected bands observed bands

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Complete documentation repeat experiment और troubleshooting में मदद करती है। Expected और observed bands compare करें। / Complete documentation helps repeat experiment and troubleshooting. Compare expected and observed bands.

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Restriction digestion में sequencing कब useful होती है?

When is sequencing useful in restriction digestion work?

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A. final clone sequence confirm करने के लिएTo confirm final clone sequence

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Restriction digest size pattern देता है पर exact base sequence नहीं बताता। Sequencing final confirmation देती है। / Restriction digest gives size pattern but not exact base sequence. Sequencing gives final confirmation.

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Restriction digest और ligation में direct connection क्या है?

What is the direct connection between restriction digest and ligation?

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A. digest compatible ends बनाता है जिन्हें ligase जोड़ता हैDigest makes compatible ends that ligase joins

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Cutting के बाद DNA ends तयार होते हैं। Ligase उन्हीं ends को जोड़कर recombinant DNA बनाता है। / After cutting DNA ends are prepared. Ligase joins those ends to make recombinant DNA.

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Restriction digestion के बाद transformation से पहले कौन सा step आता है?

Which step comes after restriction digestion before transformation?

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A. ligation या recombinant DNA formationLigation or recombinant DNA formation

Explanation

Simple Explanation

DNA fragments को ligase से जोड़कर recombinant DNA बनाया जाता है। फिर इसे host में introduce किया जाता है। / DNA fragments are joined by ligase to make recombinant DNA. Then it is introduced into a host.

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Cutting of DNA में vector और insert दोनों क्यों काटे जाते हैं?

Why are both vector and insert cut in Cutting of DNA?

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A. compatible ends पाने के लिएTo obtain compatible ends

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Vector और insert compatible ends रखते हैं तो ligation आसान होती है। यह recombinant DNA formation का आधार है। / When vector and insert have compatible ends ligation is easier. This is the basis of recombinant DNA formation.

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Restriction digestion में vector backbone को preserve करना क्यों जरूरी है?

Why is preserving vector backbone important in restriction digestion?

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A. origin और marker जैसे जरूरी elements बचाने के लिएTo keep essential elements like origin and marker

Explanation

Simple Explanation

Vector backbone में replication origin और selectable marker होते हैं। गलत cutting vector function खराब कर सकती है। / Vector backbone contains replication origin and selectable marker. Wrong cutting can damage vector function.

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Restriction digestion में insert integrity क्यों जरूरी है?

Why is insert integrity necessary in restriction digestion?

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A. desired gene function बचाने के लिएTo preserve desired gene function

Explanation

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अगर insert unwanted cut हो जाए तो desired gene function खो सकता है। Internal sites check करें। / If the insert is cut unwantedly desired gene function can be lost. Check internal sites.

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Restriction digestion की success का सबसे simple visual proof क्या है?

What is the simplest visual proof of restriction digestion success?

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A. gel पर expected DNA band patternExpected DNA band pattern on gel

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Expected band pattern digestion success का visual evidence देता है। Compare with ladder और controls। / Expected band pattern gives visual evidence of digestion success. Compare with ladder and controls.

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Cutting of DNA में सबसे common student mistake क्या हो सकती है?

What can be a common student mistake in Cutting of DNA?

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A. enzyme और recognition site को match न करनाNot matching enzyme and recognition site

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Restriction enzyme तभी cut करेगा जब उसका recognition site मौजूद हो। Enzyme-site matching हमेशा check करें। / A restriction enzyme cuts only if its recognition site is present. Always check enzyme-site matching.

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Level 50 का best final revision chain क्या है?

What is the best final revision chain of Level 50?

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A. recognition site cutting ends gel verification ligation

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Cutting of DNA में enzyme site पहचानता है और fragments बनाता है। Gel verification के बाद ligation होती है। / In Cutting of DNA the enzyme recognizes a site and makes fragments. Ligation follows gel verification.

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Cutting of DNA topic का अंतिम exam-safe summary क्या है?

What is the final exam-safe summary of Cutting of DNA topic?

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A. restriction enzymes DNA को specific sites पर काटकर cloning के लिए compatible fragments बनाते हैंRestriction enzymes cut DNA at specific sites to make compatible fragments for cloning

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Restriction digestion recombinant DNA technology की central step है। सही enzyme condition controls और gel analysis याद रखें। / Restriction digestion is a central step of recombinant DNA technology. Remember correct enzyme condition controls and gel analysis.

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FAQs

Class 11 Biotechnology Quiz FAQs

How many questions are in this quiz?

This level is designed for 50 active questions. Currently 50 questions are available for the selected class and difficulty.

Is there a timer in this quiz?

Yes, the timer uses 40 seconds per question for Easy difficulty and shows the total remaining time on the page.

Can I open each question separately?

Yes, every question has its own SEO-friendly page with answer, explanation and related practice links.