01 In which year was the Khalsa Panth founded?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. (1699) CE
Explanation: The Khalsa Panth was founded in (1699) CE. For exams, connect Guru Gobind Singh with this event.
General Knowledge
Medieval Indian History
मध्यकालीन भारतीय इतिहास
In Class 10 General Knowledge under the Indian History chapter, this topic introduces Medieval Indian History, covering the major political developments, dynasties, administrations, cultural traditions, architecture, and social changes that shaped India during the medieval period. Students gain a focused understanding of how regional kingdoms and larger empires influenced the country’s historical and cultural development.
Practice questions
02 Guru Tegh Bahadur was the Sikh Guru of which number?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. Ninth
Explanation: Guru Tegh Bahadur was the ninth Sikh Guru. For exams, remember him in the context of religious freedom.
03 Namdev was a saint associated with which movement?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Bhakti movement
Explanation: Namdev was a prominent medieval saint associated with the Bhakti tradition, especially the devotional stream of Maharashtra. His poetry emphasized personal devotion to God and helped communicate religious ideas in accessible regional language. The Bhakti movement included diverse saints and did not represent a single uniform organization, but it generally stressed devotion over rigid ritual and social barriers. Therefore, option A is correct. Mughal administration was a political system, not a religious movement; a Sultanate army was a military institution; and the Deccan Sultanates were states. Those alternatives do not describe Namdev’s principal historical association.
04 Tukaram was associated with which Bhakti tradition?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Varkari tradition
Explanation: Tukaram was associated with the Varkari Bhakti tradition of Maharashtra. For exams, remember him with Vithoba devotion.
05 Basavanna was associated with the Bhakti tradition of which region?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Karnataka
Explanation: Basavanna was associated with the Virashaiva or Lingayat tradition of Karnataka. For exams, match saints with regions.
06 Lalleshwari is considered a saint poetess of which region?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Kashmir
Explanation: Lalleshwari is considered a saint poetess of Kashmir. For exams, connect her with regional devotional and Sufi influences.
07 What does Sufi Silsila mean?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Sufi teacher disciple order
Explanation: Silsila was the teacher disciple chain of Sufi tradition. For exams, remember Chishti and Suhrawardi orders.
08 Baba Farid was associated with which Sufi order?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Chishti order
Explanation: Baba Farid was a famous saint of the Chishti order. For exams, remember him with Punjab and Sufi tradition.
09 Which was an important centre of the Suhrawardi order in India?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Multan
Explanation: Multan was an important centre of the Suhrawardi order. For exams, remember regions of Sufi orders.
10 Amir Khusrau is also considered associated with the development of which language?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Hindavi
Explanation: Amir Khusrau was associated with Hindavi and Persian literary traditions. For exams, remember him with both music and language.
11 Minhaj-us-Siraj's Tabaqat-i-Nasiri is a source for which period?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Delhi Sultanate period
Explanation: Tabaqat-i-Nasiri is an important historical source for the Delhi Sultanate period. For exams, remember author and work together.
12 Ziauddin Barani was a historian of which period?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Delhi Sultanate period
Explanation: Ziauddin Barani was a fourteenth-century historian and political thinker associated with the Delhi Sultanate, especially the reigns of Muhammad bin Tughlaq and Firuz Shah Tughlaq. His major work, Tarikh-i-Firoz Shahi, discusses the political events and rulers of the Sultanate period, while his Fatwa-i-Jahandari contains ideas about governance and kingship. Therefore, option A is correct. The later Mughal period came centuries afterward, the Maratha period belongs to a different political context, and the Pala period was an earlier medieval dynasty. These alternatives do not fit Barani’s life or writings.
13 Tarikh-i-Firoz Shahi is associated with which writer?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Ziauddin Barani
Explanation: Direct answer: Option A, Ziauddin Barani. Tarikh-i-Firoz Shahi is a Persian historical work connected with the Delhi Sultanate and written by Ziauddin Barani. To solve it, identify the work as a Sultanate chronicle and then match it with its historian. Option A is correct because Barani recorded the reigns and political events of important Delhi Sultans, including the period associated with Firuz Shah Tughlaq. Option B, Abul Fazl, wrote Akbarnama and Ain-i-Akbari during the Mughal period, much later. Option C, Gulbadan Begum, wrote Humayun-nama, a memoir about Humayun and the Mughal royal family. Option D, Nur Jahan, was a powerful Mughal empress but is not the author of this chronicle. Exam cue: Barani is a major source for Delhi Sultanate history; do not confuse his work with Abul Fazl’s Mughal histories.
14 Abdur Razzaq was a traveller famous for describing which empire?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Vijayanagara Empire
Explanation: Abdur Razzaq described the prosperity of Vijayanagara. For exams, match foreign travellers with the states they described.
15 Nicolo Conti is considered a traveller associated with which South Indian empire?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Vijayanagara
Explanation: Nicolo Conti gave information related to Vijayanagara. For exams, connect travellers with their time and region.
16 Which hall is famous in the Vittala Temple at Hampi?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Musical pillars hall
Explanation: The Vittala Temple is famous for its musical pillars. For exams, remember major examples of Hampi architecture.
17 In Mughal administration, which system assessed land revenue in cash on the basis of average crop yield and prevailing prices?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Zabt system
Explanation: Under the Zabt system, average yield and prevailing crop prices were used to fix cash land revenue. Iqta was a revenue assignment, while Mansabdari was a rank system. Exam tip: associate Zabt with Todar Mal’s revenue reforms.
18 Charminar is associated with which Sultanate?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Qutb Shahi
Explanation: The Charminar in Hyderabad is associated with the Qutb Shahi Sultanate. Sultan Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah is traditionally credited with commissioning it in 1591, around the foundation and development of Hyderabad. Its four minarets and ornamental arches make it a prominent example of Deccan Indo-Islamic architecture. Thus, option A is correct. The Adil Shahi dynasty ruled Bijapur and is associated with monuments such as Gol Gumbaz. The Lodi and Sayyid dynasties ruled Delhi before the Mughal period and were not responsible for the Charminar. The location Hyderabad is a useful clue for recalling the Qutb Shahis.
19 Which was the later major capital centre of the Bahmani Sultanate?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Bidar
Explanation: The Bahmani Sultanate first had its capital at Gulbarga, also known as Kalaburagi, and later shifted the capital to Bidar. The move made Bidar the later major political and cultural centre of the Bahmani state. Therefore, option A is correct. Raigad is strongly associated with the Maratha kingdom and Shivaji, Fatehpur Sikri was an imperial Mughal city developed by Akbar, and Sasaram is associated with Sher Shah Suri’s tomb and the Sur period. Remembering the sequence “Gulbarga first, Bidar later” helps distinguish the two important Bahmani capitals.
20 Mahmud of Ghazni's famous attack on Somnath is associated with which year?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. (1025) CE
Explanation: Mahmud of Ghazni's famous attack on Somnath is associated with (1025) CE. For exams, connect him with north-western invasions.
21 The silver Tanka coin in the Delhi Sultanate is systematically associated with which ruler?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Iltutmish
Explanation: Iltutmish organized the silver Tanka and copper Jital. For exams, connect coin reform with Sultanate administration.
22 In the Delhi Sultanate, the copper Jital coin was related to what?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Small-denomination copper currency
Explanation: The Jital was a small-denomination copper coin used for ordinary transactions in the Delhi Sultanate. In contrast, the Tanka was mainly a higher-value silver coin, so Jital was neither a gold currency nor an administrative term. Exam tip: remember the pair—‘silver Tanka, copper Jital.’
23 Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque is located in which city?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. Delhi
Explanation: Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque is in the Qutub complex of Delhi. For exams, connect it with early Sultanate architecture.
24 Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra is a famous monument associated with which place?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Ajmer
Explanation: Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra is located in Ajmer. For exams, remember it with early Sultanate architecture.
25 During Alauddin Khalji's reign, Diwan-i-Riyasat was related to what?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Market control
Explanation: Diwan-i-Riyasat was linked with market control. For exams, remember Alauddin's economic policy.