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How can Cabinet's collective policy be examined in Parliament?
Correct answer: A
The Cabinet is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha. Parliament can examine government policy by questioning ministers during Question Hour, holding debates, and moving motions such as a no-confidence motion. Judicial review is exercised by courts, not by Parliament as a method of examining Cabinet policy. Exam tip: link “collective responsibility” with the Cabinet’s accountability to the Lok Sabha.
Why are both collective and individual responsibility necessary in Council of Ministers?
Correct answer: A
Collective responsibility makes government accountable and individual responsibility makes department accountable. Exam tip: keep both responsibilities separate.
If a minister faces criticism on departmental policy, why is it proper in democracy?
Correct answer: A
Ministers hold public office, so Parliament, the opposition, the media and citizens may question their departmental policies and decisions. Such criticism promotes accountability and transparency and can help improve faulty policies. Option B is incorrect because ministers are accountable to Parliament. Exam tip: In a parliamentary democracy, the executive is accountable to the legislature.
Why is debate on Council of Ministers' decisions in Lok Sabha democratic?
Correct answer: A
Lok Sabha members are elected by the people. Through debates, questions and criticism of the Council of Ministers' decisions, they can demand explanations from the government. This keeps the executive accountable to the legislature, which is a key democratic principle. Courts do not conduct Lok Sabha votes, and the President does not vote in every debate. Exam tip: in a parliamentary democracy, the Council of Ministers is especially accountable to the Lok Sabha.
Why are decisions of political executive bound by the Constitution?
Correct answer: A
The political executive, including the President, Prime Minister and Council of Ministers, derives its authority from the Constitution. Therefore, its decisions must conform to the Constitution, fundamental rights and existing laws; it cannot act arbitrarily. Option C is incorrect because the executive is subordinate to the Constitution, not above it. Exam tip: the Constitution is both the source of governmental power and a limit on that power.
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