Rule of law and respect for rights

Rights are real only when there is an effective remedy for protection. In exams understand the difference between written and enforced rights.

Peaceful dissent is part of expression in democracy. In exams keep dissent and violence separate.

Winning election does not permit crushing rights. In exams remember limits of elected government.

Even after elections government remains limited by law and rights. In exams do not treat elections as the only condition.

Appeal is a legal remedy to protect citizens from wrong decisions. In exams connect appeal with accountability.

Caste based discrimination is against equality and rights. In exams write that administration must be non discriminatory.

Government must be bound by law always not only when convenient. In exams write continuous legal accountability.

Notice and hearing are parts of legal procedure. In exams remember procedure before action on property.

A court order is effective only when it is obeyed. In exams write judicial order and enforcement together.

Even in the name of security restrictions must be limited and lawful. In exams write balance of security and freedom.

Under the rule of law, laws should be general, fair, and applied equally to all persons in similar situations. A law specially designed to punish one individual is arbitrary and violates this principle. Enactment by the legislature does not by itself make a law just, and a provision for punishment is not inherently wrong. Exam tip: associate rule of law with equality, fairness, and limits on arbitrary power.

Stopping peaceful protest violates rights and exempting supporters violates equal law. In exams identify the double flaw.

Access to lawyer and court protects rights during arrest. In exams remember judicial safeguards.

Law should be clear and knowable for citizens. In exams connect secret orders with arbitrariness.

Rights must be exercised peacefully and responsibly. In exams write rights and duties together.

Elections are necessary but rights and law are also conditions of democracy. In exams do not treat elections as the only test.

Rule of law means that law is supreme, and no person, including an official, is above it. Therefore, an official’s order must also comply with the law. Option A contradicts the supremacy of law, while option D is incorrect because courts can examine the legal validity of an order. Exam tip: In questions on rule of law, identify the principle that law applies equally to all.

Using law for private protection weakens rule of law. In exams write fairness of law.

Access to information helps citizens watch governance. In exams connect transparency with rights.

Reasons and appeal make a decision fair. In exams connect reasoned order and appeal with procedure.