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Economics Methods of calculating national income - Expenditure Method MCQ Questions for Class 12 Humanities

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व्यय विधि में राष्ट्रीय आय की गणना का मुख्य आधार क्या होता है?

What is the main basis of calculating national income by the expenditure method?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. अंतिम वस्तुओं और सेवाओं पर कुल व्ययTotal expenditure on final goods and services

Step 1

Concept

The expenditure method adds total spending on final goods and services. In exams remember the difference between final and intermediate expenditure.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. अंतिम वस्तुओं और सेवाओं पर कुल व्यय / Total expenditure on final goods and services. The expenditure method adds total spending on final goods and services. In exams remember the difference between final and intermediate expenditure.

Step 3

Exam Tip

व्यय विधि अंतिम वस्तुओं और सेवाओं पर किए गए कुल व्यय को जोड़ती है। परीक्षा में अंतिम और मध्यवर्ती व्यय का अंतर याद रखें।

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व्यय विधि में निजी अंतिम उपभोग व्यय का अर्थ क्या है?

What does private final consumption expenditure mean in the expenditure method?

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Correct Answer

A. परिवारों और निजी गैर-लाभकारी संस्थाओं का अंतिम उपभोग व्ययFinal consumption expenditure of households and private non-profit institutions

Step 1

Concept

Private final consumption expenditure shows final consumption by households and private institutions. Keep it separate from investment or intermediate spending.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. परिवारों और निजी गैर-लाभकारी संस्थाओं का अंतिम उपभोग व्यय / Final consumption expenditure of households and private non-profit institutions. Private final consumption expenditure shows final consumption by households and private institutions. Keep it separate from investment or intermediate spending.

Step 3

Exam Tip

निजी अंतिम उपभोग व्यय घरों और निजी संस्थाओं के अंतिम उपभोग को दिखाता है। इसे निवेश या मध्यवर्ती खर्च से अलग रखें।

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व्यय विधि के अनुसार घरेलू आय निकालते समय शुद्ध निर्यात को क्यों जोड़ा जाता है?

Why are net exports added while calculating domestic income by the expenditure method?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. क्योंकि वे घरेलू उत्पाद पर विदेशी क्षेत्र के शुद्ध व्यय को दिखाते हैंBecause they show net spending of foreign sector on domestic product

Step 1

Concept

Net exports mean exports minus imports. They show the foreign sector’s net expenditure on goods produced domestically.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. क्योंकि वे घरेलू उत्पाद पर विदेशी क्षेत्र के शुद्ध व्यय को दिखाते हैं / Because they show net spending of foreign sector on domestic product. Net exports mean exports minus imports. They show the foreign sector’s net expenditure on goods produced domestically.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शुद्ध निर्यात का अर्थ निर्यात घटा आयात होता है। यह देश में उत्पादित वस्तुओं पर विदेशी क्षेत्र का शुद्ध व्यय बताता है।

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सकल घरेलू उत्पाद बाजार मूल्य पर निकालने का व्यय सूत्र कौन-सा है?

Which is the expenditure formula for gross domestic product at market price?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(GDP_{MP}=PFCE+GFCE+GCF+NX\)

Step 1

Concept

In the expenditure method private consumption government consumption capital formation and net exports are added. While writing the formula note that it is at market price.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. \(GDP_{MP}=PFCE+GFCE+GCF+NX\). In the expenditure method private consumption government consumption capital formation and net exports are added. While writing the formula note that it is at market price.

Step 3

Exam Tip

व्यय विधि में निजी उपभोग सरकारी उपभोग पूंजी निर्माण और शुद्ध निर्यात जोड़े जाते हैं। सूत्र लिखते समय बाजार मूल्य का ध्यान रखें।

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सरकारी अंतिम उपभोग व्यय में कौन-सा खर्च शामिल होता है?

Which expenditure is included in government final consumption expenditure?

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Correct Answer

A. सरकारी विद्यालय में शिक्षकों को वेतन देकर शिक्षा सेवा प्रदान करनाPaying teachers in government schools to provide education service

Step 1

Concept

Government final consumption expenditure includes spending on final services provided by government to society. Purchase of financial assets is not included.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. सरकारी विद्यालय में शिक्षकों को वेतन देकर शिक्षा सेवा प्रदान करना / Paying teachers in government schools to provide education service. Government final consumption expenditure includes spending on final services provided by government to society. Purchase of financial assets is not included.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सरकारी अंतिम उपभोग व्यय में सरकार द्वारा समाज को दी गई अंतिम सेवाओं का खर्च शामिल होता है। वित्तीय परिसंपत्तियों की खरीद इसमें नहीं आती।

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सकल पूंजी निर्माण में मुख्य रूप से क्या शामिल होता है?

What is mainly included in gross capital formation?

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Correct Answer

A. स्थिर पूंजी निर्माण और स्टॉक में परिवर्तनFixed capital formation and change in stock

Step 1

Concept

Gross capital formation includes investment such as machines buildings and change in stock. Identify it separately from consumption expenditure.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. स्थिर पूंजी निर्माण और स्टॉक में परिवर्तन / Fixed capital formation and change in stock. Gross capital formation includes investment such as machines buildings and change in stock. Identify it separately from consumption expenditure.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सकल पूंजी निर्माण में मशीन भवन और स्टॉक में परिवर्तन जैसे निवेश शामिल होते हैं। इसे उपभोग व्यय से अलग पहचानें।

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यदि निर्यात आयात से अधिक हैं तो शुद्ध निर्यात का GDP पर क्या प्रभाव होगा?

If exports are greater than imports what will be the effect of net exports on GDP?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. GDP बढ़ेगाGDP will increase

Step 1

Concept

When exports exceed imports net exports are positive. This increases GDP in the expenditure method.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. GDP बढ़ेगा / GDP will increase. When exports exceed imports net exports are positive. This increases GDP in the expenditure method.

Step 3

Exam Tip

निर्यात आयात से अधिक होने पर शुद्ध निर्यात धनात्मक होता है। इससे व्यय विधि में GDP बढ़ता है।

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पुरानी कार की पुनर्विक्रय राशि को राष्ट्रीय आय में क्यों नहीं जोड़ा जाता?

Why is the resale value of an old car not added to national income?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. क्योंकि यह चालू वर्ष का उत्पादन नहीं हैBecause it is not current year production

Step 1

Concept

National income includes only the value of current year production. Sale of old goods is only transfer of ownership.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह चालू वर्ष का उत्पादन नहीं है / Because it is not current year production. National income includes only the value of current year production. Sale of old goods is only transfer of ownership.

Step 3

Exam Tip

राष्ट्रीय आय में केवल चालू वर्ष के उत्पादन का मूल्य शामिल होता है। पुरानी वस्तुओं की बिक्री केवल स्वामित्व का हस्तांतरण है।

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व्यय विधि में घरेलू क्षेत्र द्वारा खरीदे गए नए मकान को किसमें शामिल किया जाएगा?

Under the expenditure method purchase of a new house by the household sector is included in which item?

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Correct Answer

A. सकल स्थिर पूंजी निर्माणGross fixed capital formation

Step 1

Concept

A new house is treated as a durable capital asset. Hence it is included in capital formation not consumption.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. सकल स्थिर पूंजी निर्माण / Gross fixed capital formation. A new house is treated as a durable capital asset. Hence it is included in capital formation not consumption.

Step 3

Exam Tip

नया मकान टिकाऊ पूंजीगत परिसंपत्ति माना जाता है। इसलिए इसे उपभोग नहीं बल्कि पूंजी निर्माण में रखा जाता है।

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व्यय विधि में शेयरों और बॉन्डों की खरीद को क्यों शामिल नहीं किया जाता?

Why are purchases of shares and bonds not included in the expenditure method?

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Correct Answer

A. क्योंकि ये वित्तीय परिसंपत्तियां हैं वास्तविक उत्पादन नहींBecause these are financial assets not real production

Step 1

Concept

Buying shares and bonds does not create current production. National income includes final expenditure on real goods and services.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. क्योंकि ये वित्तीय परिसंपत्तियां हैं वास्तविक उत्पादन नहीं / Because these are financial assets not real production. Buying shares and bonds does not create current production. National income includes final expenditure on real goods and services.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शेयर और बॉन्ड खरीदने से चालू उत्पादन नहीं बनता। राष्ट्रीय आय में वास्तविक वस्तुओं और सेवाओं पर अंतिम व्यय शामिल होता है।

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