Taylor’s scientific management

The correct answer is C. In functional foremanship, a worker may receive instructions from several specialist supervisors. Fayol’s unity of command principle, in contrast, says each employee should receive orders from one superior.

The correct answer is A. Taylor’s approach assigns management the responsibility for planning and analysing work scientifically; workers then carry out the planned tasks using the prescribed methods.

The correct answer is C. Taylor’s development principle calls for selecting and training workers so they can reach their greatest efficiency. Assigning someone to new equipment without training neglects that development.

The correct answer is A. Scientific selection matches a worker to suitable work, and training helps the worker learn the appropriate method. Together, they can improve efficiency.

Taylor’s scientific management includes developing each worker to their greatest efficiency. Skill-based selection alone is not enough; training helps workers continue to develop.

Taylor’s principle of maximum prosperity calls for prosperity for both the employer and the workers, rather than for one side alone.

Taylor’s principle of ‘harmony, not discord’ calls for cooperation between management and workers. It directly addresses the conflict described.

Motion study examines the movements involved in a task and seeks to eliminate unnecessary ones. Reducing unnecessary walking is therefore a motion-study improvement.

Motion study analyses the movements and steps in a task to eliminate unnecessary ones. Removing the two wasteful steps illustrates this improvement.

Method study seeks the best way to perform a task; it does not determine wage rates. The other pairings describe the usual purposes of the respective studies.

Method study examines the sequence and manner of doing work to find the best method. Mapping the process and removing unnecessary transportation serve that purpose.

A standard time should be based on representative performance. An unusually fast or slow worker may produce a result that does not represent normal working conditions.

The governing concept is that scientific management seeks efficient output without ignoring quality standards. A quantity greater than the target does not automatically mean successful performance if the goods are defective or fail the required specification. Therefore, inspection and standard quality must be checked along with the amount produced, making option B correct. Merely increasing wages, option A, may reward quantity but cannot correct defective work. Removing all standards, option C, would eliminate the basis for judging performance. Stopping rest periods, option D, could increase fatigue and may further harm quality and safety. Taylor’s approach requires measurement, standardisation, and balanced attention to both productivity and quality.

When a method is standardised, workers can be trained to follow the same clear procedure. Standardisation supports consistent training; it does not make training unnecessary.

Keeping fewer product varieties can reduce the stock that must be stored and handled, lowering storage and handling costs. It does not make wage rates zero or eliminate bank charges.

B is correct because Taylor’s approach emphasized scientifically selecting workers and providing training and development so they could work efficiently. He describes these principles in *The Principles of Scientific Management* (1911).

D is correct because Taylor’s scientific management applies systematic methods to work, sets standards, trains workers and encourages cooperation to improve efficiency. Taylor presented these principles in *The Principles of Scientific Management* (1911).

The correct answer is B. Taylor advocated replacing the rule of thumb with methods tested scientifically. Measured evidence, rather than tradition or personal opinion alone, should guide the choice of method.

The correct answer is A. Mental revolution calls on workers and management to change from an adversarial attitude to cooperation, focusing on increasing output and sharing the resulting prosperity fairly.

The correct answer is C. Taylor's principle of cooperation calls for workers and management to work together toward shared goals. Withholding suggestions and plans instead reflects individualistic, uncooperative behaviour.

The correct answer is B. Taylor's principle of harmony, not discord, calls for cordial relations between workers and management rather than treating them as opponents.

The correct answer is A. Taylor advocated scientifically selecting workers for suitable jobs and training them in the prescribed method. Preparing the worker before machine operation supports efficient and safer work.

The correct answer is B. Functional foremanship divides supervisory work among specialists, so workers can benefit from expert guidance in different aspects of the job.

The direct answer is C, Route clerk. In Taylor’s functional foremanship, the route clerk plans the path and order in which materials and work should move through the factory. The clue is “wrong route,” so we connect the problem directly with routing. Step by step: the material must be sent from one operation to the next; the route clerk prepares the correct route and sequence; the worker follows it; an incorrect route causes delay. Option A, Inspector, checks whether the work is done according to the required quality and instructions, so inspection is not the main issue here. Option B, Speed boss, helps maintain the proper speed and timing of work, but does not mainly decide the material route. Option C is correct because route and sequence are the route clerk’s responsibility. Option D, Repair boss, deals with repairing machines and equipment, not with selecting the path of material. Remember: route clerk means route and sequence; speed boss means speed; inspector means quality; repair boss means machine repair.

The correct answer is A. The instruction card clerk prepares the written instruction card, including directions about the work. A wrong tool listed on that card therefore points to an error in this specialist's assigned task.