Taylor’s scientific management

Correct answer: A. Repair and maintain the machines and provide safe working conditions

High output does not remove the need for safe, well-maintained equipment. Repairing the machines and ensuring safe working conditions addresses the stated accident risk; simply increasing pay does not.

Correct answer: A. The manager is ignoring the integrated nature of scientific management

Differential piece rates are one technique associated with Taylor, not the whole system. Scientific management also involves other principles and techniques, so treating one wage method as complete management ignores its integrated nature.

Correct answer: A. Route clerk, time-and-cost clerk, and speed boss

In Taylor’s functional foremanship, the route clerk and time-and-cost clerk belong to the planning side, while the speed boss belongs to the production side. Thus option A gives the requested two-to-one grouping.

Correct answer: A. The benefit of workers’ practice and job-specific skills may be reduced

Frequent, unnecessary transfers can disrupt practice and the use of job-specific skills. As a result, workers may not gain the full efficiency benefit of training and experience in a particular task.

Correct answer: A. The practical output standard

A practical output standard should take account of the conditions under which workers perform the task, including fatigue and the work environment. Ignoring those factors can make the target unrealistic.

Correct answer: A. Monitoring whether the method is followed and checking work against standards

Teaching a method does not ensure that it is followed. Management still needs to supervise work and check performance against the established standards.

Correct answer: A. The quality of materials

Standardisation can include the quality and grade of materials as well as tools and equipment. If raw-material quality varies, the material-quality standard is not being applied consistently.

Correct answer: A. Mental revolution

Mental revolution calls for a change in the attitudes of both workers and management, encouraging mutual trust and cooperation. It is the principle that most directly addresses the lack of a shared outlook described here.

Correct answer: A. Review the method and revise the quality inspection standards

The method should be reviewed to find what is causing the defects, and inspection standards should help detect quality problems. A faster method is not effective if it produces unacceptable quality.

Correct answer: A. Workers are trained to carry out the scientifically determined method and cooperate with management

Taylor’s approach calls for workers to be scientifically selected and trained, and for management and workers to cooperate. Management determines the method, while trained workers carry it out.

Correct answer: A. ₹584

The stated policy applies the ₹8 rate because the worker exactly meets the standard. Wage = 73 units × ₹8 per unit = ₹584.

Correct answer: A. Instruction card clerk

The instruction card clerk prepares and provides instructions for the work, so this role should address an unclear instruction card. In Taylor’s functional foremanship, this is a planning-side role.

Correct answer: A. Review and revise them to reflect the changed work

Targets based on time study depend on the work being measured. Since simplification has changed the work content and production mix, management should review the old targets and revise them if the new conditions require it.

Correct answer: A. There is outward peace, but workers and management still distrust each other

Taylor’s mental revolution means a change in the attitudes of both workers and management, including mutual trust and cooperation. Outward peace alone does not resolve underlying distrust.

Correct answer: A. Cost control and wage estimation

Inaccurate time-and-cost records make it difficult to estimate production costs and assess wage-related figures reliably. They can therefore lead to poor cost-control and wage-estimation decisions.

Correct answer: A. Time and energy may still be wasted on unnecessary motions

Working faster does not necessarily eliminate unnecessary movements. Motion study seeks to remove such movements, reducing wasted time and effort even when the output target is already being met.

Correct answer: A. It is not only making workers faster but a system of study training standards and cooperation

The direct answer is A. Scientific management is not merely a demand that workers move faster. Taylor’s approach is a complete, systematic method based on studying work scientifically, selecting and training workers, setting standards, providing suitable methods and tools, and creating cooperation between management and workers. The aim is higher efficiency with organised work, not random pressure. Option A is correct because it describes scientific management as a system involving study, training, standards and cooperation. Option B is wrong because advertising is concerned with informing or persuading customers; it is not the subject of Taylor’s production-management method. Option C is wrong because scientific management is based on systematic study and tested methods, not only on an owner’s personal opinion. Option D is wrong because increasing varieties is not the central meaning of scientific management; the focus is efficient production and proper work methods. A common criticism may say that it treats workers mechanically or focuses too much on speed, but the fuller theory also includes training, planning, standardisation and cooperation. Memory cue: Taylor means science, not guesswork—study, standardise, train and cooperate.

Correct answer: A. Training helps workers apply the right method effectively

Finding a better method is not enough if workers are not taught how to use it. Taylor’s approach includes selecting and training workers so the chosen method can be applied effectively.

Correct answer: A. Their financial incentive to work efficiently may remain weak

Taylor’s differential piece-rate plan links pay to performance against a standard. If the wage system provides no additional reward for meeting or exceeding that standard, efficient workers may have less financial incentive to increase output.

Correct answer: A. Taylor’s scientific management was applied in an integrated and balanced way

A is correct because the case combines several elements of Taylor’s scientific management: measurement to find the best method reflects science rather than rule of thumb; common standards and tools reflect standardisation; training supports employee development; and cooperation around shared gains reflects harmony and cooperation between workers and management. The clues therefore indicate an integrated application, not just one technique.