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Subjects

Business Studies

Taylor’s scientific management

This topic introduces Class 12 Business Studies students to F. W. Taylor’s scientific management approach within the chapter Principles of Management. Students learn how systematic observation, work-study and standardisation can improve efficiency and productivity. The topic explains Taylor’s principles, including science rather than rule of thumb, harmony and cooperation, cooperation rather than individualism, development of each worker, and the use of techniques such as time study, motion study, method study, fatigue study and differential piece wage system.

Hard · Level 1 · 25 questions

Practice questions

01In a factory, management has set time standards but has not yet determined the best method of work. From Taylor’s perspective, what is the most serious weakness?

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02Employees fear that higher efficiency will lead to job losses, while management believes that workers are lazy. Which Taylor concept focuses on changing the attitudes of both sides?

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03If a worker receives conflicting instructions from the route clerk and the gang boss, which limitation of functional foremanship does this illustrate?

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04A worker produces 72 units. The standard output is 70 units, and the high piece rate is ₹11 per unit. What is the worker’s wage under the differential piece-wage system?

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05A factory makes 16 product sizes, but customers demand only 5, and quality varies among the sizes. Which Taylor techniques should it use?

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06An employee was selected scientifically but received no training in the work method. Which Taylor principle has not been fully applied?

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07When would method study be more suitable than motion study?

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08According to Taylor, which statement best describes management’s responsibility in scientific management?

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09A worker produces 58 units when the standard output is 60 units. The low piece rate is ₹9 per unit. What is the worker’s wage under Taylor’s differential piece-rate system?

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10An unusually fast worker is used as the basis for a time-study standard. What problem is most likely?

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11A job takes 9 minutes per unit and available time is 450 minutes. Based on time study what will be the standard output?

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12Workers are producing more, but excessive fatigue is increasing absenteeism. Which Taylor technique should be used alongside wage incentives to address this problem?

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13In functional foremanship, what was the main purpose of separating planning from production (execution)?

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14Too many product varieties have made raw-material purchasing costly and inventory difficult to manage. Which Taylor technique is the main solution?

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15Which option correctly matches a work-study technique with its main focus?

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16A scientifically set output target is introduced, but workers are not involved in efforts to achieve it and resistance grows. Which Taylor principle is being neglected?

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17The standard time for a task is 12 minutes per unit. After the work method changes, the task takes 8 minutes per unit. What should be done with the old standard time?

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18Workers repeatedly walked to a machine during a task. A layout change reduced the number of these trips from five to two. Which study most directly focuses on analysing and reducing such worker movements?

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19In Taylor’s differential piece-rate system, why is it not enough simply to offer a high rate per unit?

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20A company standardises its tools but allows workers to use different personal methods for the same task. Which benefit of standardisation will remain incomplete?

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21A task has both unnecessary body movements and an inefficient overall process. Which broader study is most useful for examining and improving the process as a whole?

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22A worker produces more units than the standard output, but the work does not meet the required quality standard. What is the most appropriate conclusion in the context of Taylor’s scientific management?

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23In which situation are both Taylor’s principle of ‘harmony, not discord’ and the idea of mental revolution especially relevant?

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24A company sets a target of 80 units, but workers are given defective tools. Which aspect of Taylor’s scientific management is most directly weak?

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25Which pair correctly classifies the roles in Taylor’s functional foremanship?

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