Objectives of management

Correct answer: A. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation

Business takes resources from society so it is responsible toward society. This correctly explains social objective.

Correct answer: D. Cheating customer social objective

Cheating a customer is not an objective but unethical behaviour. Social objective protects customer interest.

Correct answer: A. Balance of organisational and personal objectives

Profit is an organisational objective and training relates to personal development. Such use of resources shows balanced management.

Correct answer: A. Balance of interests of organisation employees and society

Good management balances objectives of all major stakeholders. This is the key to long term success.

Correct answer: A. Social objective

Protecting customer interest is part of social objective. Listening to complaints increases trust and responsibility.

Correct answer: A. Personal objectives are not fully fulfilled

Personal objectives include respect and satisfaction along with salary. Do not measure employee interest only by money.

Correct answer: A. Profit

Profit strengthens the organisation for future needs. Treat it as a base of security and not just extra money.

Correct answer: A. Survival

Loss of customers can make it difficult to remain in the market. Survival is the base of organisational objectives.

Correct answer: A. The company starts selling its product in new cities

The governing concept is growth through market expansion. When a company begins selling in new cities, it increases its geographical market, customer base and potential sales volume. This is a direct sign that the organisation is enlarging its operations, so option A is correct. Cleaning old files, marking attendance and paying a water bill are routine administrative or operating activities; they may be necessary, but they do not show expansion in size or market reach. The important reasoning clue is entry into additional markets. Growth can also occur through more capacity, products or branches, but among these options only A represents such development.

Correct answer: A. Personal objective

Training is linked with employee development. Ignoring personal objectives for profit is not good management.

Correct answer: A. Social objective

Giving customers the correct weight and measurement shows fair and honest treatment. An organisation is not responsible only for earning profit; it also has duties toward consumers and society. Correct quantity protects customers from being cheated and supports fair business practice.

Therefore option A, social objective, is the best answer. Salary, promotion, and office-related matters concern internal organisational activities and do not describe the customer’s right to receive the promised quantity. The example directly shows concern for consumer welfare, which is included in the social objectives of management.

Correct answer: A. Personal objective

Direct answer: Option A, personal objective. Employees have individual needs and aspirations, including fair pay, recognition, job satisfaction, development and promotion. The reasoning is: the organisation offers a fair promotion opportunity; promotion recognises performance and gives an employee higher responsibility and career growth; therefore an individual employee’s objective is supported. Option A is correct. Option B is too narrow and wrong because promotion is not only a social objective, although a fair workplace can benefit society indirectly. Option C is wrong because survival means keeping the organisation operating, not advancing one employee. Option D is wrong because pricing concerns what the organisation charges customers and has no direct connection with promotion. Fair promotion can also motivate staff and improve organisational performance, but the objective directly described is personal development. Memory cue: promotion, recognition, participation, satisfaction and growth of an employee point to the personal objective.

Correct answer: A. Survival

Retaining customers helps a business continue operating in the market and avoid closure. Therefore, it most directly represents the objective of survival. Customer retention may also increase profit, but the question specifically emphasises maintaining the existence of the business. Exam tip: Remaining in the market or avoiding closure indicates the survival objective.

Correct answer: A. Company earns reasonable profit while selling safe medicine

Reasonable profit is an organisational objective and safe medicine is a social objective. Balance of both shows good management.

Correct answer: A. Personal objectives are partially fulfilled

Respect is important but timely salary is also a personal objective. Understand employee interest through many needs.

Correct answer: A. Growth

The governing concept is investment for organisational growth. New machines can increase production capacity, improve efficiency or support better-quality output, while market research can identify new customers, products and opportunities. Together, these investments strengthen the organisation’s ability to expand, so option A is correct. The phrase “can strengthen” is appropriate because investment supports growth but does not guarantee it; effective planning and execution are also needed. Leave and attendance are employee-related administrative matters, and social donation is a possible social activity, not the principal objective represented by productive investment and market research.

Correct answer: A. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation

The direct answer is A: both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion. A social objective is much wider than giving donations. A business is part of society, so it should protect and serve people while carrying on its economic work. Step by step: the assertion says social responsibility is not limited to donation; this is true because social responsibility includes many duties. The reason lists customer interest and environmental protection; these are genuine social responsibilities. The reason explains why donation alone is insufficient: an organisation must also provide safe and good-quality goods, fair treatment, honest information and protection of the environment. Option A is correct because both statements are accurate and the second statement supports the first. Option B is wrong because the reason is not merely an unrelated true fact; it directly shows the wider meaning of social objectives. Option C is wrong because the reason is not false. Customer welfare and environmental protection are accepted parts of social responsibility. Option D is wrong because the assertion is not false. Donation may be useful, but it is only one activity and not the whole social objective. A weak student should distinguish “social objective” from “donation”: social objective includes responsible conduct toward consumers, employees, the community and nature. Memory cue: social responsibility means serving society through conduct, not only through cheques.

Correct answer: A. Survival

The direct answer is A, Survival. Survival means keeping the organisation in existence and ensuring that it can continue its activities. Before an organisation can grow or distribute benefits, it must remain alive as a working organisation. Step by step: identify the phrase “maintaining existence”; match it with the management objective called survival; conclude that option A is correct. Survival may require controlling costs, earning enough revenue, maintaining customers, arranging finance and adapting to competition. Option A, Survival, is correct because its exact meaning is continuing to exist and operate. Option B, Only employee respect, is wrong because respect is related to personal or employee objectives and does not directly mean keeping the organisation alive. Option C, Only pollution control, is wrong because pollution control is an important social or environmental responsibility, but it is not the meaning of organisational survival. Option D, Only community service, is wrong because community service is a social objective and does not by itself describe the continued existence of the organisation. The word “only” also makes the other choices unnecessarily narrow. Survival is normally considered an immediate organisational objective; after survival is secured, the organisation can focus more strongly on profit and growth. Memory cue: if the question says existence, continuity or staying alive, think survival.

Correct answer: A. Growth

Direct answer: Option A, growth. Growth means that an organisation expands its scale, reach or capacity. The reasoning is: the company increases market share, so more of the market is served; it increases the sales area, so its geographical or customer reach becomes wider; both are clear signs of expansion. Therefore the objective is growth, and Option A is correct. Option B, only salary, concerns employee remuneration and cannot describe a larger market or sales territory. Option C, only respect, concerns recognition or reputation and is not measured by market share. Option D, only environment, concerns ecological protection and is not the stated activity. Growth may eventually improve profit, but the specific indicators in the statement are market reach and size, so growth is the best answer. Exam cue: new branches, wider distribution, larger market share, more products or increased capacity usually indicate organisational growth.

Correct answer: A. Social objective

The governing concept is the social objective of management. Customers are an important stakeholder group, and fair complaint resolution protects their interests, promotes honest dealing and helps maintain confidence in the organisation. Therefore, option A is correct. The action may indirectly support profit by retaining customers, but its immediate objective is responsible treatment of consumers, not profit alone. Employee promotion and office timing concern internal personnel or administrative matters and do not explain the fair handling of customer grievances. A socially responsible organisation listens to complaints, provides suitable remedies and avoids misleading or exploitative conduct.

Correct answer: A. Balance of social and personal objectives

Employee basic needs are necessary along with social work. Not paying salary ignores personal objective.

Correct answer: A. Market expansion of company

Market expansion relates to organisational growth. Personal objective relates to employee needs.

Correct answer: A. Company gives safety equipment to employees and reduces accident risk

Safety equipment relates to employee interest and public safety. Therefore both objectives are visible together.

Correct answer: A. Growth

The governing concept is organisational growth. A business does not grow only by earning current profit; it must also invest in research, innovation and improved or new products. Such investment can increase future sales, strengthen competitiveness, enter new markets and expand the scale of operations. Hence option A, growth, is correct. Employee leave in option B is related to personnel administration and is not the purpose of product research. A community feast in option C may be a social activity but does not represent systematic organisational expansion. Office cleaning in option D is routine maintenance. Research expenditure may reduce present earnings temporarily, yet it can support long-term growth and survival.

Correct answer: A. Social objective

The social objective of management includes fulfilling responsibility towards society and the environment, including preventing pollution and disposing of waste safely. Dumping hazardous waste in the open harms public health and the environment; therefore, the social objective is affected. The organisational objective mainly relates to survival, profit and growth, but earning profit does not justify such harmful conduct. Exam tip: When an action causes harm to society or the environment, consider the social objective.