C. परिवार द्वारा खरीदी गई ब्रेड/Bread bought by a household
Step 1
Concept
Bread bought by a household is for final consumption. Goods bought by producers are often intermediate consumption.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. परिवार द्वारा खरीदी गई ब्रेड / Bread bought by a household. Bread bought by a household is for final consumption. Goods bought by producers are often intermediate consumption.
Step 3
Exam Tip
परिवार द्वारा खरीदी गई ब्रेड अंतिम उपभोग के लिए है। उत्पादक द्वारा खरीदी वस्तुएं अक्सर मध्यवर्ती उपभोग होती हैं।
B. शुद्ध मूल्य वर्धन साधन लागत पर/Net value added at factor cost
Step 1
Concept
In the production method, \(NVA_{FC}\) of all sectors is added to get domestic income. Net factor income from abroad is adjusted for national income.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. शुद्ध मूल्य वर्धन साधन लागत पर / Net value added at factor cost. In the production method, \(NVA_{FC}\) of all sectors is added to get domestic income. Net factor income from abroad is adjusted for national income.
Step 3
Exam Tip
उत्पादन विधि में सभी क्षेत्रों का \(NVA_{FC}\) जोड़कर घरेलू आय मिलती है। राष्ट्रीय आय के लिए विदेश से शुद्ध साधन आय समायोजित की जाती है।
\(NVA_{FC}\) of all sectors is domestic income. National income is obtained by (Domestic Income + NFIA).
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. ₹950 करोड़ / ₹950 crore. \(NVA_{FC}\) of all sectors is domestic income. National income is obtained by (Domestic Income + NFIA).
Step 3
Exam Tip
सभी क्षेत्रों का \(NVA_{FC}\) घरेलू आय होता है। राष्ट्रीय आय (Domestic Income + NFIA) से मिलती है।
B. मध्यवर्ती उपभोग में शामिल कर घटाया जाएगा/Included in intermediate consumption and deducted
Step 1
Concept
Imported raw material is also an intermediate good used in production. Deducting it leaves only domestic value added.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. मध्यवर्ती उपभोग में शामिल कर घटाया जाएगा / Included in intermediate consumption and deducted. Imported raw material is also an intermediate good used in production. Deducting it leaves only domestic value added.
Step 3
Exam Tip
आयातित कच्चा माल भी उत्पादन में प्रयुक्त मध्यवर्ती वस्तु है। इसे घटाने से केवल घरेलू मूल्य वर्धन बचता है।
Government non-market services are generally valued at cost of production. It includes wages and other production expenses.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. उत्पादन लागत / Cost of production. Government non-market services are generally valued at cost of production. It includes wages and other production expenses.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सरकारी गैर-बाजार सेवाओं का मूल्य सामान्यतः लागत के आधार पर मापा जाता है। इसमें मजदूरी और अन्य उत्पादन खर्च शामिल होते हैं।
A. उत्पादन में योगदान का अप्रत्यक्ष हिस्सा/Imputed part of contribution to production
Step 1
Concept
In self-employment, return to labour and capital may be included in mixed income. Do not treat it as outside production in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. उत्पादन में योगदान का अप्रत्यक्ष हिस्सा / Imputed part of contribution to production. In self-employment, return to labour and capital may be included in mixed income. Do not treat it as outside production in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
स्वरोजगार में श्रम और पूंजी का प्रतिफल मिश्रित आय में शामिल हो सकता है। परीक्षा में इसे उत्पादन से बाहर न मानें।
B. घटाव मद उत्पादन योगदान से अधिक हैं/Deduction items exceed production contribution
Step 1
Concept
Sometimes adjustments like depreciation and net indirect taxes may exceed gross value added. Do not immediately treat a negative result as impossible in calculation.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. घटाव मद उत्पादन योगदान से अधिक हैं / Deduction items exceed production contribution. Sometimes adjustments like depreciation and net indirect taxes may exceed gross value added. Do not immediately treat a negative result as impossible in calculation.
Step 3
Exam Tip
कभी-कभी मूल्यह्रास और शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर जैसे समायोजन सकल मूल्य वर्धन से अधिक हो सकते हैं। गणना में ऋणात्मक परिणाम को तुरंत असंभव न मानें।
Packaging material is an input used in the production and selling process. It is deducted while calculating value added.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मध्यवर्ती उपभोग / Intermediate consumption. Packaging material is an input used in the production and selling process. It is deducted while calculating value added.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पैकेजिंग सामग्री उत्पादन और बिक्री प्रक्रिया में प्रयुक्त इनपुट है। इसे मूल्य वर्धन निकालते समय घटाया जाता है।
B. यह उत्पादन मूल्य और मध्यवर्ती उपभोग का अंतर है/It is the difference between value of output and intermediate consumption
Step 1
Concept
Value added is the new contribution of a producing unit. It may include factor incomes and certain adjustments.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. यह उत्पादन मूल्य और मध्यवर्ती उपभोग का अंतर है / It is the difference between value of output and intermediate consumption. Value added is the new contribution of a producing unit. It may include factor incomes and certain adjustments.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मूल्य वर्धन उत्पादन इकाई का नया योगदान है। इसमें साधन आय और कुछ समायोजन शामिल हो सकते हैं।
