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Economics Methods of calculating national income - Value Added/Product Method MCQ Questions for Class 12 Humanities

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Methods of calculating national income - Value Added/Product Method Practice Questions

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यदि एक फर्म का कुल उत्पादन मूल्य ₹90,000 है, मध्यवर्ती उपभोग ₹35,000 है और स्थिर पूंजी उपभोग ₹5,000 है, तो मूल्य वर्धन विधि में शुद्ध मूल्य वर्धन कितना होगा?

If a firm has total output value of ₹90,000, intermediate consumption of ₹35,000 and consumption of fixed capital of ₹5,000, what will be net value added under the value added method?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ₹50,000

Step 1

Concept

Net value added is (NVA = Output - Intermediate Consumption - Depreciation). In exams, calculate gross value added first.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹50,000. Net value added is (NVA = Output - Intermediate Consumption - Depreciation). In exams, calculate gross value added first.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शुद्ध मूल्य वर्धन (NVA = Output - Intermediate Consumption - Depreciation) होता है। परीक्षा में पहले सकल मूल्य वर्धन निकालें।

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मूल्य वर्धन विधि में किसी उद्योग का सकल मूल्य वर्धन किस आधार पर निकाला जाता है?

In the value added method, gross value added of an industry is calculated on which basis?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. उत्पादन का मूल्य घटाकर मध्यवर्ती उपभोगValue of output minus intermediate consumption

Step 1

Concept

Gross value added is the difference between value of output and intermediate consumption. Do not treat sales as output unless change in stock is adjusted.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. उत्पादन का मूल्य घटाकर मध्यवर्ती उपभोग / Value of output minus intermediate consumption. Gross value added is the difference between value of output and intermediate consumption. Do not treat sales as output unless change in stock is adjusted.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सकल मूल्य वर्धन उत्पादन मूल्य और मध्यवर्ती उपभोग का अंतर है। परीक्षा में बिक्री को सीधे उत्पादन न मानें जब तक स्टॉक परिवर्तन न जोड़ा जाए।

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यदि बिक्री ₹2,00,000, आरंभिक स्टॉक ₹20,000 और अंतिम स्टॉक ₹35,000 है, तो उत्पादन का मूल्य कितना होगा?

If sales are ₹2,00,000, opening stock is ₹20,000 and closing stock is ₹35,000, what will be the value of output?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. ₹2,15,000

Step 1

Concept

Value of output is (Sales + Closing Stock - Opening Stock). When stock rises, output is greater than sales.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. ₹2,15,000. Value of output is (Sales + Closing Stock - Opening Stock). When stock rises, output is greater than sales.

Step 3

Exam Tip

उत्पादन मूल्य (Sales + Closing Stock - Opening Stock) होता है। स्टॉक बढ़ने पर उत्पादन बिक्री से अधिक होता है।

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निम्न में से कौन सा मद मध्यवर्ती उपभोग में शामिल होगा?

Which of the following items will be included in intermediate consumption?

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Correct Answer

C. उत्पादन में प्रयुक्त कच्चा मालRaw material used in production

Step 1

Concept

Raw material is used up in the production process, so it is intermediate consumption. A machine is a capital good.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. उत्पादन में प्रयुक्त कच्चा माल / Raw material used in production. Raw material is used up in the production process, so it is intermediate consumption. A machine is a capital good.

Step 3

Exam Tip

कच्चा माल उत्पादन प्रक्रिया में पूरी तरह उपयोग हो जाता है इसलिए मध्यवर्ती उपभोग है। मशीन पूंजीगत वस्तु है।

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यदि किसी फर्म का सकल मूल्य वर्धन बाजार मूल्य पर ₹1,50,000 है, अप्रत्यक्ष कर ₹20,000 और सब्सिडी ₹8,000 है, तो सकल मूल्य वर्धन साधन लागत पर कितना होगा?

If a firm's gross value added at market price is ₹1,50,000, indirect taxes are ₹20,000 and subsidies are ₹8,000, what will be gross value added at factor cost?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ₹1,38,000

Step 1

Concept

At factor cost, \(GVA_{FC} = GVA_{MP} - Net Indirect Taxes\). Net indirect taxes equal taxes minus subsidies.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹1,38,000. At factor cost, \(GVA_{FC} = GVA_{MP} - Net Indirect Taxes\). Net indirect taxes equal taxes minus subsidies.

Step 3

Exam Tip

साधन लागत पर \(GVA_{FC} = GVA_{MP} - Net Indirect Taxes\) होता है। शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर में कर से सब्सिडी घटती है।

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दोहरी गणना की समस्या मुख्यतः किस कारण उत्पन्न होती है?

The problem of double counting mainly arises due to which reason?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. मध्यवर्ती वस्तुओं को अंतिम वस्तुओं के साथ जोड़ने सेAdding intermediate goods along with final goods

Step 1

Concept

Intermediate goods are already included in the value of final goods. Adding them separately causes double counting.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. मध्यवर्ती वस्तुओं को अंतिम वस्तुओं के साथ जोड़ने से / Adding intermediate goods along with final goods. Intermediate goods are already included in the value of final goods. Adding them separately causes double counting.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मध्यवर्ती वस्तुएं अंतिम वस्तुओं के मूल्य में पहले से शामिल होती हैं। इन्हें अलग से जोड़ने पर दोहरी गणना होती है।

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यदि किसान गेहूं ₹10,000 में मिल को बेचता है, मिल आटा ₹18,000 में बेकरी को बेचती है और बेकरी ब्रेड ₹30,000 में उपभोक्ता को बेचती है, तो कुल मूल्य वर्धन कितना होगा?

If a farmer sells wheat to a mill for ₹10,000, the mill sells flour to a bakery for ₹18,000 and the bakery sells bread to consumers for ₹30,000, what is total value added?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. ₹30,000

Step 1

Concept

Adding value added at each stage gives the value of the final good. Here (10000 + 8000 + 12000 = 30000).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. ₹30,000. Adding value added at each stage gives the value of the final good. Here (10000 + 8000 + 12000 = 30000).

Step 3

Exam Tip

हर चरण का मूल्य वर्धन जोड़ने पर अंतिम वस्तु का मूल्य मिलता है। यहां (10000 + 8000 + 12000 = 30000) है।

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मूल्य वर्धन विधि में स्व-उपभोग के लिए उत्पादित वस्तुओं का व्यवहार कैसे किया जाता है?

How are goods produced for self-consumption treated in the value added method?

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Correct Answer

B. उन्हें बाजार मूल्य पर अनुमानित करके शामिल किया जाता हैThey are included by estimating market value

Step 1

Concept

The imputed market value of production for self-consumption is included in national income. Do not treat non-market output as zero in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. उन्हें बाजार मूल्य पर अनुमानित करके शामिल किया जाता है / They are included by estimating market value. The imputed market value of production for self-consumption is included in national income. Do not treat non-market output as zero in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

स्व-उपभोग के उत्पादन का अनुमानित बाजार मूल्य राष्ट्रीय आय में शामिल होता है। परीक्षा में गैर-बाजार उत्पादन को शून्य न मानें।

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किसी उत्पादन इकाई का उत्पादन मूल्य ₹5,00,000, मध्यवर्ती उपभोग ₹2,10,000, मूल्यह्रास ₹40,000 और शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर ₹30,000 है। शुद्ध मूल्य वर्धन साधन लागत पर कितना होगा?

A production unit has output value ₹5,00,000, intermediate consumption ₹2,10,000, depreciation ₹40,000 and net indirect taxes ₹30,000. What is net value added at factor cost?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ₹2,20,000

Step 1

Concept

First calculate \(GVA_{MP} = 500000 - 210000 = 290000\). Deducting depreciation and net indirect taxes gives ₹2,20,000.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹2,20,000. First calculate \(GVA_{MP} = 500000 - 210000 = 290000\). Deducting depreciation and net indirect taxes gives ₹2,20,000.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पहले \(GVA_{MP} = 500000 - 210000 = 290000\) निकालें। फिर मूल्यह्रास और शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर घटाने पर ₹2,20,000 मिलता है।

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निम्न में से कौन सा उत्पादन सीमा के अंदर माना जाएगा?

Which of the following will be considered within the production boundary?

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Correct Answer

B. किराये पर दिए मकान की आवासीय सेवाHousing service of a rented house

Step 1

Concept

Service of a rented house is linked with a market transaction. Personal domestic services are generally not included in national income.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. किराये पर दिए मकान की आवासीय सेवा / Housing service of a rented house. Service of a rented house is linked with a market transaction. Personal domestic services are generally not included in national income.

Step 3

Exam Tip

किराये पर दिए मकान की सेवा बाजार लेन-देन से जुड़ी है। घरेलू निजी सेवाएं सामान्यतः राष्ट्रीय आय में शामिल नहीं होतीं।

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