NNP stands for Net National Product. In exams identify NNP through both net and national words.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. शुद्ध राष्ट्रीय उत्पाद / Net National Product. NNP stands for Net National Product. In exams identify NNP through both net and national words.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NNP का पूरा नाम Net National Product है। परीक्षा में NNP को net और national दोनों शब्दों से पहचानें।
NNP is obtained by deducting depreciation from GNP. In exams subtract depreciation to move from gross national to net national.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. GNP. NNP is obtained by deducting depreciation from GNP. In exams subtract depreciation to move from gross national to net national.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GNP से मूल्यह्रास घटाने पर NNP मिलता है। परीक्षा में gross national से net national जाने के लिए depreciation घटाएं।
The formula of NNP is (NNP = GNP - Depreciation). Remember to deduct depreciation for net product in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. (NNP = GNP - Depreciation). The formula of NNP is (NNP = GNP - Depreciation). Remember to deduct depreciation for net product in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NNP का सूत्र (NNP = GNP - Depreciation) है। परीक्षा में net product के लिए depreciation घटाना याद रखें।
A. सामान्य निवासियों का आधार/Basis of normal residents
Step 1
Concept
The word national is linked with normal residents. In exams connect the national and domestic difference with NFIA.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. सामान्य निवासियों का आधार / Basis of normal residents. The word national is linked with normal residents. In exams connect the national and domestic difference with NFIA.
Step 3
Exam Tip
National शब्द सामान्य निवासियों से जुड़ा होता है। परीक्षा में national और domestic का अंतर NFIA से जोड़ें।
NNP at factor cost is called National Income. In exams treat \(NNP_{FC}\) and National Income as the same.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. राष्ट्रीय आय / National Income. NNP at factor cost is called National Income. In exams treat \(NNP_{FC}\) and National Income as the same.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NNP at factor cost को राष्ट्रीय आय कहा जाता है। परीक्षा में \(NNP_{FC}\) और National Income को समान समझें।
NNPFC equals NNPMP minus net indirect taxes. In exams subtract NIT when moving from market price to factor cost.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. \(NNP_{FC} = NNP_{MP} - NIT\). NNPFC equals NNPMP minus net indirect taxes. In exams subtract NIT when moving from market price to factor cost.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NNPFC (= NNPMP - Net Indirect Taxes) होता है। परीक्षा में market price से factor cost जाते समय NIT घटाएं।
A. अप्रत्यक्ष कर - सब्सिडी/Indirect taxes - Subsidies
Step 1
Concept
Net indirect taxes are (Indirect Taxes - Subsidies). In exams subtract subsidies from indirect taxes.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. अप्रत्यक्ष कर - सब्सिडी / Indirect taxes - Subsidies. Net indirect taxes are (Indirect Taxes - Subsidies). In exams subtract subsidies from indirect taxes.
Step 3
Exam Tip
शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर (Indirect Taxes - Subsidies) होते हैं। परीक्षा में subsidy को indirect taxes से घटाएं।
NNP is obtained by adding NFIA to NDP. In exams apply NFIA to move from domestic to national.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. NFIA जोड़ा जाता है / NFIA is added. NNP is obtained by adding NFIA to NDP. In exams apply NFIA to move from domestic to national.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NDP में NFIA जोड़कर NNP प्राप्त होता है। परीक्षा में domestic से national जाने के लिए NFIA लगाएं।
Negative NFIA makes NNP less than NDP. In exams treat negative NFIA like subtraction.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. NNP NDP से कम होगा / NNP will be less than NDP. Negative NFIA makes NNP less than NDP. In exams treat negative NFIA like subtraction.
Step 3
Exam Tip
ऋणात्मक NFIA NNP को NDP से कम कर देता है। परीक्षा में negative NFIA को घटाने जैसा मानें।
To derive NNP from GDP add NFIA and subtract depreciation. Remember both national and net adjustments in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. (NNP = GDP + NFIA - Depreciation). To derive NNP from GDP add NFIA and subtract depreciation. Remember both national and net adjustments in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP से NNP के लिए NFIA जोड़कर depreciation घटाते हैं। परीक्षा में national और net दोनों समायोजन याद रखें।
NNP (= 1200 + 30 - 100 = 1130) crore. In exams remember the two steps while moving from GDP to NNP.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. ₹1130 करोड़ / ₹1130 crore. NNP (= 1200 + 30 - 100 = 1130) crore. In exams remember the two steps while moving from GDP to NNP.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NNP (= 1200 + 30 - 100 = 1130) करोड़ होगा। परीक्षा में GDP से NNP जाते समय दो steps याद रखें।
When GNP remains the same, higher depreciation reduces NNP. In exams use the formula to identify the direction.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. घटेगा / It will decrease. When GNP remains the same, higher depreciation reduces NNP. In exams use the formula to identify the direction.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GNP समान रहने पर अधिक depreciation से NNP घटता है। परीक्षा में सूत्र से दिशा पहचानें।
When depreciation decreases, net product increases. Use (NNP = GNP - Depreciation) to find the answer in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. बढ़ेगा / It will increase. When depreciation decreases, net product increases. Use (NNP = GNP - Depreciation) to find the answer in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Depreciation घटने से net product बढ़ता है। परीक्षा में (NNP = GNP - Depreciation) से उत्तर निकालें।
A. क्योंकि यह समय अवधि में मापा जाता है/Because it is measured over a period of time
Step 1
Concept
NNP is measured over a period such as an accounting year. In exams treat production and income aggregates as flows.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह समय अवधि में मापा जाता है / Because it is measured over a period of time. NNP is measured over a period such as an accounting year. In exams treat production and income aggregates as flows.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NNP एक लेखा वर्ष जैसी अवधि में मापा जाता है। परीक्षा में production और income aggregates को flow मानें।
A. केवल अंतिम वस्तुएं और सेवाएं/Only final goods and services
Step 1
Concept
NNP considers final goods and services to avoid double counting. Do not directly add intermediate goods in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. केवल अंतिम वस्तुएं और सेवाएं / Only final goods and services. NNP considers final goods and services to avoid double counting. Do not directly add intermediate goods in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NNP में final goods and services को लिया जाता है ताकि double counting न हो। परीक्षा में intermediate goods को सीधे न जोड़ें।
Directly adding intermediate goods can cause double counting. In exams take only the value of final goods.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. दोहरे गणना / Double counting. Directly adding intermediate goods can cause double counting. In exams take only the value of final goods.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मध्यवर्ती वस्तुओं को सीधे जोड़ने से double counting हो सकती है। परीक्षा में अंतिम वस्तु का मूल्य ही लें।
A. क्योंकि वह चालू वर्ष का नया उत्पादन नहीं है/Because it is not new production of the current year
Step 1
Concept
An old good was already counted when it was produced earlier. Exclude the full value of second-hand goods in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि वह चालू वर्ष का नया उत्पादन नहीं है / Because it is not new production of the current year. An old good was already counted when it was produced earlier. Exclude the full value of second-hand goods in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पुरानी वस्तु का उत्पादन पहले गिना जा चुका होता है। परीक्षा में second-hand goods का पूरा मूल्य exclude करें।
A. क्योंकि यह वर्तमान सेवा आय है/Because it is current service income
Step 1
Concept
Commission is payment for service provided in the current year. In exams distinguish old good value from service commission.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह वर्तमान सेवा आय है / Because it is current service income. Commission is payment for service provided in the current year. In exams distinguish old good value from service commission.
Step 3
Exam Tip
कमीशन चालू वर्ष में दी गई सेवा का भुगतान है। परीक्षा में पुराने सामान की value और service commission में अंतर करें।
A. हां, क्योंकि यह भुगतान वाली उत्पादक सेवा है/Yes because it is a paid productive service
Step 1
Concept
A service given for wage or fee is included in NNP. In exams treat paid services as productive services.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. हां, क्योंकि यह भुगतान वाली उत्पादक सेवा है / Yes because it is a paid productive service. A service given for wage or fee is included in NNP. In exams treat paid services as productive services.
Step 3
Exam Tip
वेतन या शुल्क पर दी गई सेवा NNP में शामिल होती है। परीक्षा में paid services को productive services मानें।
A. क्योंकि उसका बाजार मूल्यांकन कठिन है/Because its market valuation is difficult
Step 1
Concept
It is difficult to value non-market service for own family. In exams generally treat such personal services as excluded.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि उसका बाजार मूल्यांकन कठिन है / Because its market valuation is difficult. It is difficult to value non-market service for own family. In exams generally treat such personal services as excluded.
Step 3
Exam Tip
स्वयं के परिवार के लिए non-market service का मूल्य तय करना कठिन होता है। परीक्षा में ऐसी personal services को सामान्यतः exclude मानें।
A. क्योंकि इसके बदले current productive service नहीं मिलती/Because no current productive service is received in return
Step 1
Concept
No productive service is received in return for transfer payment so it is not factor income. In exams keep examples like pension and scholarship separate.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि इसके बदले current productive service नहीं मिलती / Because no current productive service is received in return. No productive service is received in return for transfer payment so it is not factor income. In exams keep examples like pension and scholarship separate.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Transfer payment के बदले उत्पादन सेवा नहीं मिलती इसलिए यह factor income नहीं है। परीक्षा में पेंशन और छात्रवृत्ति जैसे उदाहरण अलग रखें।
Old age pension is a transfer payment because it does not involve current production in return. In exams treat wages rent and profit as factor income.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. बुढ़ापा पेंशन / Old age pension. Old age pension is a transfer payment because it does not involve current production in return. In exams treat wages rent and profit as factor income.
Step 3
Exam Tip
बुढ़ापा पेंशन transfer payment है क्योंकि इसके बदले current production नहीं होता। परीक्षा में wages rent profit को factor income समझें।
A. वेतन, किराया, ब्याज और लाभ/Wages, rent, interest and profit
Step 1
Concept
NNPFC is the sum of factor incomes. Remember wages rent interest and profit as main factor payments in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. वेतन, किराया, ब्याज और लाभ / Wages, rent, interest and profit. NNPFC is the sum of factor incomes. Remember wages rent interest and profit as main factor payments in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NNPFC factor incomes का योग है। परीक्षा में wages rent interest profit को मुख्य factor payments याद रखें।
Wage to a worker is factor income because it is received for productive service. Include income earned for productive service in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मजदूर को वेतन / Wage paid to a worker. Wage to a worker is factor income because it is received for productive service. Include income earned for productive service in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मजदूर को वेतन उत्पादन सेवा के बदले मिलता है इसलिए factor income है। परीक्षा में income earned for productive service को include करें।
If indirect taxes are greater than subsidies, NIT is positive. Apply (NIT = Indirect Taxes - Subsidies) in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. धनात्मक / Positive. If indirect taxes are greater than subsidies, NIT is positive. Apply (NIT = Indirect Taxes - Subsidies) in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Indirect taxes subsidies से अधिक हों तो NIT positive होता है। परीक्षा में (NIT = Indirect Taxes - Subsidies) लगाएं।
When NIT is zero, market price and factor cost values will be equal. In exams see the difference between NNPMP and NNPFC through NIT.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. जब NIT शून्य हो / When NIT is zero. When NIT is zero, market price and factor cost values will be equal. In exams see the difference between NNPMP and NNPFC through NIT.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NIT शून्य होने पर market price और factor cost values बराबर होंगी। परीक्षा में NNPMP और NNPFC का अंतर NIT से देखें।
When NFIA is zero, national and domestic net products can be equal. Link the NNP-NDP relation with NFIA in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. जब NFIA शून्य हो / When NFIA is zero. When NFIA is zero, national and domestic net products can be equal. Link the NNP-NDP relation with NFIA in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NFIA शून्य होने पर national और domestic net products बराबर हो सकते हैं। परीक्षा में NNP-NDP relation को NFIA से जोड़ें।
Wear and tear of capital goods is called depreciation. In exams remember it as the component deducted from GNP.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मूल्यह्रास / Depreciation. Wear and tear of capital goods is called depreciation. In exams remember it as the component deducted from GNP.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पूंजीगत वस्तुओं के घिसाव को depreciation कहा जाता है। परीक्षा में इसे GNP से घटने वाला घटक याद रखें।
Capital consumption allowance is related to depreciation. In exams identify both terms for wear and tear of capital.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मूल्यह्रास / Depreciation. Capital consumption allowance is related to depreciation. In exams identify both terms for wear and tear of capital.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Capital consumption allowance depreciation से संबंधित है। परीक्षा में दोनों शब्दों को पूंजी के घिसाव के लिए पहचानें।
NNP is a net measure of national output. In exams treat it as a more refined measure than GNP.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. राष्ट्रीय उत्पादन / National output. NNP is a net measure of national output. In exams treat it as a more refined measure than GNP.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NNP राष्ट्रीय उत्पादन का net measure है। परीक्षा में इसे GNP से अधिक refined measure समझें।
A. जब वह देश के सामान्य निवासी से संबंधित हो/When it belongs to the country's normal resident
Step 1
Concept
National product includes income of normal residents even if the source is abroad. In exams focus on the resident concept.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. जब वह देश के सामान्य निवासी से संबंधित हो / When it belongs to the country's normal resident. National product includes income of normal residents even if the source is abroad. In exams focus on the resident concept.
Step 3
Exam Tip
National product में सामान्य निवासियों की income शामिल होती है चाहे स्रोत विदेश से हो। परीक्षा में resident concept पर ध्यान दें।
Factor income paid to foreigners reduces NFIA. In exams treat income paid abroad as reducing national income.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. यह NFIA को घटा सकती है / It can reduce NFIA. Factor income paid to foreigners reduces NFIA. In exams treat income paid abroad as reducing national income.
Step 3
Exam Tip
विदेशियों को दी गई factor income NFIA को कम करती है। परीक्षा में income paid abroad को national income से घटने वाला मानें।
NFIA is added to move from domestic product to national product. In exams NFIA is the keyword for domestic-national conversion.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. NFIA. NFIA is added to move from domestic product to national product. In exams NFIA is the keyword for domestic-national conversion.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Domestic product से national product में जाने के लिए NFIA जोड़ा जाता है। परीक्षा में domestic-national conversion का keyword NFIA है।
Depreciation is deducted to move from gross to net product. In exams depreciation is the keyword for gross-net conversion.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मूल्यह्रास / Depreciation. Depreciation is deducted to move from gross to net product. In exams depreciation is the keyword for gross-net conversion.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Gross से net product में जाने के लिए depreciation घटाया जाता है। परीक्षा में gross-net conversion का keyword depreciation है।
NIT is subtracted to move from market price to factor cost. In exams net indirect taxes is the keyword for MP-FC conversion.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. NIT. NIT is subtracted to move from market price to factor cost. In exams net indirect taxes is the keyword for MP-FC conversion.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Market price से factor cost जाने के लिए NIT घटाया जाता है। परीक्षा में MP-FC conversion का keyword net indirect taxes है।
Depreciation is used in moving from gross to net. In exams remember separate keywords for different conversions.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Gross to net - depreciation. Depreciation is used in moving from gross to net. In exams remember separate keywords for different conversions.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Gross से net जाने में depreciation का उपयोग होता है। परीक्षा में अलग-अलग conversions के लिए अलग keywords याद रखें।
A. GNP से depreciation घटाएं/Subtract depreciation from GNP
Step 1
Concept
The base of NNP is (GNP - Depreciation). Many easy exam questions are solved through this relation.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. GNP से depreciation घटाएं / Subtract depreciation from GNP. The base of NNP is (GNP - Depreciation). Many easy exam questions are solved through this relation.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NNP का आधार (GNP - Depreciation) है। परीक्षा में इसी relation से कई आसान प्रश्न हल हो जाते हैं।
NFIA (= NNP - NDP = 20) crore. In exams the difference between national and domestic net product is NFIA.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. ₹20 करोड़ / ₹20 crore. NFIA (= NNP - NDP = 20) crore. In exams the difference between national and domestic net product is NFIA.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NFIA (= NNP - NDP = 20) करोड़ होगा। परीक्षा में national और domestic net product का अंतर NFIA होता है।
NNP (= 1500 - 50 - 200 = 1250) crore. In exams subtract negative NFIA from GDP and also subtract depreciation.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. ₹1250 करोड़ / ₹1250 crore. NNP (= 1500 - 50 - 200 = 1250) crore. In exams subtract negative NFIA from GDP and also subtract depreciation.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NNP (= 1500 - 50 - 200 = 1250) करोड़ होगा। परीक्षा में negative NFIA को GDP से घटाएं और depreciation भी घटाएं।
