Taylor’s scientific management

Correct answer: A. Reduction in cost and confusion

Simplification reduces cost and confusion by keeping fewer varieties. Exam tip: write cost saving as a benefit of simplification.

Correct answer: B. More efficient worker

The more efficient worker gets wages at a higher rate. Exam tip: remember differential means different wage rates.

Correct answer: A. To motivate higher efficiency

This system motivates workers for higher output. Exam tip: connect wage incentive with motivation.

Correct answer: A. Scientific method and trained workers

Scientific method and training increase productivity. Exam tip: connect Taylor with systematic method.

Correct answer: A. Mental revolution

Understanding each other’s interests is a sign of mental revolution. Exam tip: connect mutual understanding with mental revolution.

Correct answer: A. Maximum prosperity

Taylor stressed maximum prosperity for both parties. Exam tip: remember maximum prosperity for both.

Correct answer: A. Management and workers

Taylor stressed cooperation between management and workers. Exam tip: remember cooperation not individualism.

Correct answer: A. Increase in efficiency

In Taylor’s scientific management, workers are trained in the correct method of doing a task. This enables them to work more efficiently, quickly, and with fewer errors; therefore, efficiency increases. A fall in quality is not an outcome of proper training, which generally improves work quality. Exam tip: Remember that scientific selection and training of workers are used to improve efficiency.

Correct answer: A. Scientific management

Training by a fixed and scientific method matches scientific management. Exam tip: connect fixed method with scientific management.

Correct answer: A. Because scientific methods are more reliable

The correct answer is option A: scientific methods are more reliable. Taylor’s scientific management replaces old guess-based working with observation, measurement, experiments and tested procedures. A guess or rule of thumb may sometimes work, but it depends on personal habit and may differ from one worker or manager to another. A scientific method studies the task carefully and selects the most efficient way, so decisions become more dependable and productivity can improve. Option A directly expresses this reason. Option B is wrong because scientific management does not require removing workers; it aims to train, assign and support them better. Option C is wrong because the purpose is to improve production, not stop it. Option D is wrong because changing the market is not the reason for replacing shop-floor guesses. The idea is called replacing rule of thumb with science, not eliminating people. Exam cue: when you see “old guess-based method,” connect it with “rule of thumb,” and choose reliability, measurement and efficiency.

Correct answer: B. Fatigue study

Proper rest timing is fixed through fatigue study. Exam tip: connect rest timing with fatigue study.

Correct answer: A. Simplification

The direct answer is option A, simplification. In management, simplification means reducing unnecessary varieties, sizes, designs, or grades of a product so that production, purchasing, storage, and distribution become easier and cheaper. The purpose is not to remove useful choice completely, but to avoid needless variety that increases cost and complicates operations. For example, if a firm makes many nearly identical sizes of the same item, it may reduce them to a smaller number of useful standard sizes. Option A is correct because the situation directly describes reducing unnecessary product varieties. Option B, motion study, examines the movements made while doing a task and removes wasteful movements; it does not primarily deal with product varieties. Option C, time study, measures the standard time needed to complete a job; it is about duration, not product range. Option D, disciplinarian, is a specialist or role concerned with maintaining discipline among workers, not with reducing product varieties. Therefore the clue “fewer unnecessary varieties” should immediately lead to simplification. Memory cue: variety reduction equals simplification; worker movements equal motion study; job duration equals time study.

Correct answer: B. Standardisation

Tools of uniform measurement are an example of standardisation. Exam tip: choose standardisation when you see uniform measurement.

Correct answer: A. Differential piece wage system

Higher rate for higher output indicates differential piece wage system. Exam tip: remember higher output higher rate.

Correct answer: A. An activity that can be scientifically studied

Taylor considered work measurable and improvable scientifically. Exam tip: remember measurement and improvement.

Correct answer: A. Science cooperation training and efficiency

The essence of scientific management is science cooperation training and efficiency. Exam tip: connect Taylor with productivity improvement.

Correct answer: C. Systematic study and measurement

Scientific management improves work through study and measurement. Exam tip: connect it with science instead of guesswork.

Correct answer: A. Science

Taylor suggested scientific method instead of guesswork. Exam tip: this principle is often asked directly.

Correct answer: D. Scientific method

Different guess based methods lack scientific standard. Exam tip: treat old tricks as rule of thumb.

Correct answer: B. Industrial disputes

This principle reduces disputes between management and workers. Exam tip: connect harmony with peaceful relations.

Correct answer: C. Joint effort

This principle stresses joint effort instead of separate self interest. Exam tip: remember cooperation as joint effort.

Correct answer: D. Changing thinking and attitude

Mental revolution means changing the attitude of both sides. Exam tip: connect it with attitude change.

Correct answer: A. Fair and cooperative

Fair behaviour by management increases trust. Exam tip: connect mental revolution with mutual trust.

Correct answer: B. Training

The direct answer is option B, training. Taylor’s principle of development of each person means that workers should be selected scientifically, taught the correct method, and developed so that both the worker and the organisation benefit. Training gives a worker the knowledge, skill, and safe working habits needed to perform a task efficiently. It can improve quality, reduce mistakes, reduce waste, and increase confidence and productivity. Option A, hiding the product, has no connection with developing a worker and would not improve skill. Option B, training, is correct because it directly develops the employee’s ability and efficiency. Option C, tax evasion, is illegal and unrelated to employee development or scientific management. Option D, an unnecessary meeting, consumes time but does not necessarily build job skill; it is not the special activity meant by Taylor’s principle. Thus, whenever the question mentions development of each person, look for training, education, proper selection, and improvement of capability. Memory cue: develop people by teaching them—not by hiding, evading, or wasting time.

Correct answer: C. Ability and work capacity

Scientific selection is based on ability and capacity. Exam tip: remember right person for right job.