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A student says, “The square of \(\sqrt{2}\) is \(2\), and \(2\) is rational; therefore, \(\sqrt{2}\) is also rational.” What is the main error in this reasoning?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: The square of a rational number is rational, but a number need not be rational merely because its square is rational

Although \((\sqrt{2})^2=2\) is rational, the converse statement is invalid. Assuming \(\sqrt{2}=p/q\) in lowest terms gives \(p^2=2q^2\), making both \(p\) and \(q\) even—a contradiction. Exam tip: check whether a converse is justified.

Related tags

Number SystemsIrrational NumbersSquare Root 2Proof By ContradictionLogical ReasoningProof Of Irrationality Of Square Root 2 And Square Root 3MathematicsClass 9 Mcq

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