Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha powers)

By making laws, Parliament sets the rules and limits within which the government must function. Debate, approval and scrutiny by elected representatives make the government accountable and prevent arbitrary action. Option B is incorrect because the government is not above the law. Exam tip: link this point to the rule of law and government accountability.

In Money Bills, final effective power lies with Lok Sabha. In exams, remember recommendatory role.

The government needs Lok Sabha’s approval to run expenditure. In exams, understand the link between budget and confidence.

In a federal system, the voice of states is also necessary. In exams, remember federal democracy and Rajya Sabha.

In a parliamentary system, the government runs on Lok Sabha’s confidence. In exams, remember confidence of the House.

The role of both Houses gives balanced consideration to a bill. In exams, remember both Houses in ordinary bills.

Lok Sabha is the direct voice of people, so the government depends on it. In exams, connect direct representation and accountability.

Rajya Sabha can provide a forum for reconsideration of bills. In exams, remember second chamber as revising chamber.

In democratic law-making, both discussion and decision are necessary. In exams, remember debate plus vote.

Questions require the government to give facts and reasons. In exams, remember questions as a control tool.

Rajya Sabha is elected through an indirect democratic process. In exams, remember indirect democracy.

Lok Sabha is central in both finance and political accountability. In exams, remember financial plus political control.

Rajya Sabha is the Upper House and the Council of States. Its members are elected by the elected members of State Legislative Assemblies, so it brings state perspectives into Parliament. It also deliberates on and scrutinises ordinary bills along with the Lok Sabha, helping check haste or errors in law-making. The Lok Sabha has primacy over Money Bills, so option D is incorrect. Exam tip: Rajya Sabha is a permanent House and is not dissolved.

Lok Sabha members are elected by people’s votes. In exams, connect universal adult franchise and Lok Sabha.

Opposition questions gaps and priorities in the budget. In exams, remember opposition scrutiny.

Both Houses have important roles in ordinary bills. In exams, remember ordinary bill and equal role.

Rajya Sabha members change in rotation, so the House continues. In exams, remember legislative continuity.

Government remains accountable through parliamentary questions and debates. In exams, accountability is the key term.

Financial decisions are directly linked with people, so Lok Sabha is dominant. In exams, remember direct representatives and finance.

Disagreement between two Houses may result from different representation and review. In exams, link disagreement with democratic debate.