NDP measures production within domestic territory after deducting depreciation. Remember both the domestic and net features.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. घरेलू और शुद्ध माप / Domestic and net measure. NDP measures production within domestic territory after deducting depreciation. Remember both the domestic and net features.
Step 3
Exam Tip
शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद घरेलू सीमा में हुए उत्पादन को मूल्यह्रास घटाकर मापता है। घरेलू और शुद्ध दोनों शब्द ध्यान रखें।
NDP is obtained by deducting depreciation from GDP. This is the main adjustment when converting gross into net.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. मूल्यह्रास / Depreciation. NDP is obtained by deducting depreciation from GDP. This is the main adjustment when converting gross into net.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सकल घरेलू उत्पाद में से मूल्यह्रास घटाने पर शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद मिलता है। सकल से शुद्ध परिवर्तन में यही मुख्य समायोजन है।
The correct formula is (NDP = GDP - Depreciation). Remember the negative sign before depreciation.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. (NDP = GDP - Depreciation). The correct formula is (NDP = GDP - Depreciation). Remember the negative sign before depreciation.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सही सूत्र (NDP = GDP - Depreciation) है। सूत्र में मूल्यह्रास का ऋण चिह्न याद रखें।
D. देश की घरेलू सीमा/Domestic territory of the country
Step 1
Concept
The word domestic refers to the place of production. The nationality of the producer is not essential.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. देश की घरेलू सीमा / Domestic territory of the country. The word domestic refers to the place of production. The nationality of the producer is not essential.
Step 3
Exam Tip
घरेलू शब्द उत्पादन के स्थान को दर्शाता है। उत्पादक की नागरिकता इसके लिए आवश्यक नहीं है।
Using (NDP = GDP - Depreciation) the answer is 1300 crore rupees. Subtract depreciation rather than adding it.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. 1300 करोड़ रुपये / 1300 crore rupees. Using (NDP = GDP - Depreciation) the answer is 1300 crore rupees. Subtract depreciation rather than adding it.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सूत्र (NDP = GDP - Depreciation) से उत्तर 1300 करोड़ रुपये है। मूल्यह्रास को जोड़ने के बजाय घटाएं।
Using (GDP = NDP + Depreciation) the answer is 900 crore rupees. Add depreciation when moving from net to gross.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. 900 करोड़ रुपये / 900 crore rupees. Using (GDP = NDP + Depreciation) the answer is 900 crore rupees. Add depreciation when moving from net to gross.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सूत्र (GDP = NDP + Depreciation) से उत्तर 900 करोड़ रुपये है। शुद्ध से सकल पर जाते समय मूल्यह्रास जोड़ें।
Using (Depreciation = GDP - NDP) depreciation is 80 crore rupees. Identify the difference between gross and net.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. 80 करोड़ रुपये / 80 crore rupees. Using (Depreciation = GDP - NDP) depreciation is 80 crore rupees. Identify the difference between gross and net.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सूत्र (Depreciation = GDP - NDP) से मूल्यह्रास 80 करोड़ रुपये है। सकल और शुद्ध का अंतर पहचानें।
D. खरीदार द्वारा चुकाई गई बाजार कीमत/Market price paid by buyer
Step 1
Concept
Market price represents the price paid by the buyer for a good or service. It includes the effect of net indirect taxes.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. खरीदार द्वारा चुकाई गई बाजार कीमत / Market price paid by buyer. Market price represents the price paid by the buyer for a good or service. It includes the effect of net indirect taxes.
Step 3
Exam Tip
बाजार मूल्य खरीदार द्वारा वस्तु या सेवा के लिए चुकाई गई कीमत को दर्शाता है। इसमें शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर का प्रभाव होता है।
NDP at factor cost is the factor income earned within domestic territory. Therefore it is called domestic income.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. घरेलू आय / Domestic income. NDP at factor cost is the factor income earned within domestic territory. Therefore it is called domestic income.
Step 3
Exam Tip
शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद साधन लागत पर घरेलू सीमा में अर्जित साधन आय है। इसलिए इसे घरेलू आय कहा जाता है।
The difference between market price and factor cost is caused by net indirect taxes. Subsidies are deducted while calculating net indirect taxes.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर / Net indirect taxes. The difference between market price and factor cost is caused by net indirect taxes. Subsidies are deducted while calculating net indirect taxes.
Step 3
Exam Tip
बाजार मूल्य और साधन लागत के बीच अंतर शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर के कारण होता है। शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर में से अनुदान का प्रभाव घटाया जाता है।
The correct formula is \(NDP_{FC} = NDP_{MP} - NIT\). Subtract net indirect taxes when moving from market price to factor cost.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. \(NDP_{FC} = NDP_{MP} - NIT\). The correct formula is \(NDP_{FC} = NDP_{MP} - NIT\). Subtract net indirect taxes when moving from market price to factor cost.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सही सूत्र \(NDP_{FC} = NDP_{MP} - NIT\) है। बाजार मूल्य से साधन लागत पर आते समय शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर घटाएं।
Using \(NDP_{FC} = NDP_{MP} - NIT\) the answer is 850 crore rupees. Deduct net indirect taxes from market price.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. 850 करोड़ रुपये / 850 crore rupees. Using \(NDP_{FC} = NDP_{MP} - NIT\) the answer is 850 crore rupees. Deduct net indirect taxes from market price.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सूत्र \(NDP_{FC} = NDP_{MP} - NIT\) से उत्तर 850 करोड़ रुपये है। बाजार मूल्य से शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर घटाएं।
Using \(NDP_{MP} = NDP_{FC} + NIT\) the answer is 800 crore rupees. Add net indirect taxes when moving from factor cost to market price.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. 800 करोड़ रुपये / 800 crore rupees. Using \(NDP_{MP} = NDP_{FC} + NIT\) the answer is 800 crore rupees. Add net indirect taxes when moving from factor cost to market price.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सूत्र \(NDP_{MP} = NDP_{FC} + NIT\) से उत्तर 800 करोड़ रुपये है। साधन लागत से बाजार मूल्य पर जाते समय शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर जोड़ें।
Using (NIT = Indirect\ Taxes - Subsidies) the answer is 65 crore rupees. Subsidies are deducted from indirect taxes.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. 65 करोड़ रुपये / 65 crore rupees. Using (NIT = Indirect\ Taxes - Subsidies) the answer is 65 crore rupees. Subsidies are deducted from indirect taxes.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सूत्र (NIT = Indirect\ Taxes - Subsidies) से उत्तर 65 करोड़ रुपये है। अनुदान को अप्रत्यक्ष कर से घटाया जाता है।
When indirect taxes and subsidies are equal their difference is zero. In that situation market price and factor cost may be equal.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. शून्य / Zero. When indirect taxes and subsidies are equal their difference is zero. In that situation market price and factor cost may be equal.
Step 3
Exam Tip
अप्रत्यक्ष कर और अनुदान बराबर होने पर उनका अंतर शून्य होता है। ऐसी स्थिति में बाजार मूल्य और साधन लागत बराबर हो सकते हैं।
D. ऋणात्मक 20 करोड़ रुपये/Negative 20 crore rupees
Step 1
Concept
Using (NIT = 50 - 70) the answer is negative 20 crore rupees. Higher subsidies can make net indirect taxes negative.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. ऋणात्मक 20 करोड़ रुपये / Negative 20 crore rupees. Using (NIT = 50 - 70) the answer is negative 20 crore rupees. Higher subsidies can make net indirect taxes negative.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सूत्र (NIT = 50 - 70) से उत्तर ऋणात्मक 20 करोड़ रुपये है। अधिक अनुदान शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर को ऋणात्मक बना सकता है।
A. विदेश से शुद्ध साधन आय/Net factor income from abroad
Step 1
Concept
The difference between NDP and NNP is net factor income from abroad. It is added when moving from domestic to national product.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. विदेश से शुद्ध साधन आय / Net factor income from abroad. The difference between NDP and NNP is net factor income from abroad. It is added when moving from domestic to national product.
Step 3
Exam Tip
शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद और शुद्ध राष्ट्रीय उत्पाद में अंतर विदेश से शुद्ध साधन आय का होता है। घरेलू से राष्ट्रीय पर जाते समय इसे जोड़ा जाता है।
The correct formula is (NNP = NDP + NFIA). Add net factor income from abroad to convert a domestic measure into a national measure.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. (NNP = NDP + NFIA). The correct formula is (NNP = NDP + NFIA). Add net factor income from abroad to convert a domestic measure into a national measure.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सही सूत्र (NNP = NDP + NFIA) है। घरेलू से राष्ट्रीय माप के लिए विदेश से शुद्ध साधन आय जोड़ें।
Using (NNP = NDP + NFIA) the answer is 1070 crore rupees. Negative net factor income from abroad reduces the total.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. 1070 करोड़ रुपये / 1070 crore rupees. Using (NNP = NDP + NFIA) the answer is 1070 crore rupees. Negative net factor income from abroad reduces the total.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सूत्र (NNP = NDP + NFIA) से उत्तर 1070 करोड़ रुपये है। ऋणात्मक विदेश से शुद्ध साधन आय कुल को घटाती है।
In (NDP = NNP - NFIA) subtracting negative 40 gives 1000. Subtracting a negative amount is equivalent to addition.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. 1000 करोड़ रुपये / 1000 crore rupees. In (NDP = NNP - NFIA) subtracting negative 40 gives 1000. Subtracting a negative amount is equivalent to addition.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सूत्र (NDP = NNP - NFIA) में ऋणात्मक 40 घटाने पर 1000 मिलता है। ऋणात्मक राशि घटाना जोड़ने के समान है।
A. जिस देश का दूतावास है/The country whose embassy it is
Step 1
Concept
A foreign embassy is treated as part of the domestic territory of its own country. Its production is therefore counted in that country's domestic product.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. जिस देश का दूतावास है / The country whose embassy it is. A foreign embassy is treated as part of the domestic territory of its own country. Its production is therefore counted in that country's domestic product.
Step 3
Exam Tip
विदेशी दूतावास अपने देश की घरेलू सीमा का भाग माना जाता है। इसलिए उसका उत्पादन उसी देश के घरेलू उत्पाद में गिना जाता है।
B. मेजबान देश के घरेलू उत्पाद में/In the host country's domestic product
Step 1
Concept
A foreign bank branch produces services within the host country's domestic territory. Therefore its output is included in the host country's domestic product.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. मेजबान देश के घरेलू उत्पाद में / In the host country's domestic product. A foreign bank branch produces services within the host country's domestic territory. Therefore its output is included in the host country's domestic product.
Step 3
Exam Tip
विदेशी बैंक की शाखा मेजबान देश की घरेलू सीमा में उत्पादन करती है। इसलिए उसकी सेवा घरेलू उत्पाद में शामिल होती है।
C. जहाज के स्वामित्व वाले देश की/The country owning the ship
Step 1
Concept
A ship owned and operated by a country may be treated as part of its domestic territory. Its service is therefore counted in that country's domestic product.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. जहाज के स्वामित्व वाले देश की / The country owning the ship. A ship owned and operated by a country may be treated as part of its domestic territory. Its service is therefore counted in that country's domestic product.
Step 3
Exam Tip
देश के स्वामित्व और संचालन वाला जहाज उसकी घरेलू सीमा का भाग माना जा सकता है। इसलिए उसकी सेवा उसी देश के घरेलू उत्पाद में गिनी जाती है।
D. वर्तमान वर्ष में उत्पादित अंतिम वस्तुएं/Final goods produced in the current year
Step 1
Concept
NDP includes the value of final goods and services produced in the current year. Adding intermediate goods separately would cause double counting.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. वर्तमान वर्ष में उत्पादित अंतिम वस्तुएं / Final goods produced in the current year. NDP includes the value of final goods and services produced in the current year. Adding intermediate goods separately would cause double counting.
Step 3
Exam Tip
शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद में वर्तमान वर्ष की अंतिम वस्तुओं और सेवाओं का मूल्य शामिल होता है। मध्यवर्ती वस्तुओं को अलग से जोड़ने पर दोहरी गणना होगी।
The value of an intermediate good is included in the final good. Adding it separately would count the same production twice.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. दोहरी गणना से बचना / To avoid double counting. The value of an intermediate good is included in the final good. Adding it separately would count the same production twice.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मध्यवर्ती वस्तु का मूल्य अंतिम वस्तु में शामिल होता है। उसे अलग से जोड़ने पर एक ही उत्पादन दो बार गिना जाएगा।
B. अनुमानित बाजार मूल्य पर शामिल किया जाता है/Included at imputed market value
Step 1
Concept
Grain retained for self-consumption is current production. Its imputed market value is included in domestic product.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. अनुमानित बाजार मूल्य पर शामिल किया जाता है / Included at imputed market value. Grain retained for self-consumption is current production. Its imputed market value is included in domestic product.
Step 3
Exam Tip
स्वउपभोग के लिए रखा गया अनाज वर्तमान उत्पादन है। उसका अनुमानित बाजार मूल्य घरेलू उत्पाद में शामिल किया जाता है।
C. इसे घरेलू उत्पादन में शामिल किया जाता है/It is included in domestic product
Step 1
Concept
The imputed rent of an owner-occupied house is included as housing service output. This ensures consistency between rented and owner-occupied housing.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. इसे घरेलू उत्पादन में शामिल किया जाता है / It is included in domestic product. The imputed rent of an owner-occupied house is included as housing service output. This ensures consistency between rented and owner-occupied housing.
Step 3
Exam Tip
स्वयं के मकान की आवास सेवा का अनुमानित किराया उत्पादन में शामिल किया जाता है। इससे किराए के और स्वयं के मकान की सेवाओं में समानता रहती है।
D. क्योंकि उसका उत्पादन पहले के वर्ष में गिना गया था/Because its production was counted in an earlier year
Step 1
Concept
The value of the old machine was included in its year of production. Only a new service connected with its current sale may be included.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. क्योंकि उसका उत्पादन पहले के वर्ष में गिना गया था / Because its production was counted in an earlier year. The value of the old machine was included in its year of production. Only a new service connected with its current sale may be included.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पुरानी मशीन का मूल्य उसके उत्पादन वर्ष में शामिल हो चुका है। वर्तमान वर्ष में केवल बिक्री से जुड़ी नई सेवा शामिल हो सकती है।
A. वर्तमान सेवा के उत्पादन के रूप में/As production of a current service
Step 1
Concept
The broker's service is produced in the current year so the commission is included. The original value of the old good is excluded.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. वर्तमान सेवा के उत्पादन के रूप में / As production of a current service. The broker's service is produced in the current year so the commission is included. The original value of the old good is excluded.
Step 3
Exam Tip
दलाल की सेवा वर्तमान वर्ष में उत्पन्न होती है इसलिए उसका कमीशन शामिल होता है। पुरानी वस्तु का मूल मूल्य शामिल नहीं होता।
B. इसके बदले वर्तमान उत्पादन नहीं मिलता/No current production is received in return
Step 1
Concept
Unemployment allowance is a transfer payment because no current service is received in return. Production measures include income linked to current production.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. इसके बदले वर्तमान उत्पादन नहीं मिलता / No current production is received in return. Unemployment allowance is a transfer payment because no current service is received in return. Production measures include income linked to current production.
Step 3
Exam Tip
बेरोजगारी भत्ता हस्तांतरण भुगतान है क्योंकि इसके बदले वर्तमान सेवा नहीं मिलती। उत्पादन माप में केवल उत्पादन से जुड़ी आय शामिल होती है।
C. यह वर्तमान शैक्षिक सेवा का भुगतान है/It is payment for a current educational service
Step 1
Concept
A teacher's salary is paid for a current educational service. Therefore it is part of production and factor income.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. यह वर्तमान शैक्षिक सेवा का भुगतान है / It is payment for a current educational service. A teacher's salary is paid for a current educational service. Therefore it is part of production and factor income.
Step 3
Exam Tip
शिक्षक का वेतन वर्तमान शैक्षिक सेवा के बदले दिया जाता है। इसलिए यह उत्पादन और साधन आय का भाग है।
D. आकस्मिक प्राप्ति जो उत्पादन आय नहीं है/Windfall receipt not treated as production income
Step 1
Concept
Lottery winnings are not a reward for any current productive service. Therefore they are not included as factor income in NDP.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. आकस्मिक प्राप्ति जो उत्पादन आय नहीं है / Windfall receipt not treated as production income. Lottery winnings are not a reward for any current productive service. Therefore they are not included as factor income in NDP.
Step 3
Exam Tip
लॉटरी पुरस्कार किसी वर्तमान उत्पादन सेवा का प्रतिफल नहीं है। इसलिए इसे शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद में साधन आय के रूप में शामिल नहीं किया जाता।
A. सभी इकाइयों का शुद्ध मूल्य संवर्धन/Net value added of all units
Step 1
Concept
The production method sums net value added by all producing units. This avoids double counting of intermediate goods.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. सभी इकाइयों का शुद्ध मूल्य संवर्धन / Net value added of all units. The production method sums net value added by all producing units. This avoids double counting of intermediate goods.
Step 3
Exam Tip
उत्पादन विधि में सभी उत्पादक इकाइयों के शुद्ध मूल्य संवर्धन का योग किया जाता है। इससे मध्यवर्ती वस्तुओं की दोहरी गणना से बचा जाता है।
Using (NVA = GVA - Depreciation) the answer is 280 lakh rupees. Deduct depreciation from gross value added.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. 280 लाख रुपये / 280 lakh rupees. Using (NVA = GVA - Depreciation) the answer is 280 lakh rupees. Deduct depreciation from gross value added.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सूत्र (NVA = GVA - Depreciation) से उत्तर 280 लाख रुपये है। सकल मूल्य संवर्धन से मूल्यह्रास घटाएं।
C. मजदूरी किराया ब्याज और लाभ/Wages rent interest and profit
Step 1
Concept
The income method adds rewards paid to factors of production. Major components include wages rent interest and profit.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. मजदूरी किराया ब्याज और लाभ / Wages rent interest and profit. The income method adds rewards paid to factors of production. Major components include wages rent interest and profit.
Step 3
Exam Tip
आय विधि में उत्पादन के साधनों को मिले प्रतिफल जोड़े जाते हैं। इनमें मजदूरी किराया ब्याज और लाभ प्रमुख हैं।
It is difficult to separate returns to labour and capital in the income of a self-employed person. Therefore it is called mixed income.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. मिश्रित आय / Mixed income. It is difficult to separate returns to labour and capital in the income of a self-employed person. Therefore it is called mixed income.
Step 3
Exam Tip
स्वनियोजित व्यक्ति की आय में श्रम और पूंजी के प्रतिफल अलग करना कठिन होता है। इसलिए इसे मिश्रित आय कहा जाता है।
A. शुद्ध घरेलू पूंजी निर्माण/Net domestic capital formation
Step 1
Concept
NDP uses net investment because depreciation is already deducted. Using gross investment would give GDP.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. शुद्ध घरेलू पूंजी निर्माण / Net domestic capital formation. NDP uses net investment because depreciation is already deducted. Using gross investment would give GDP.
Step 3
Exam Tip
शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद में शुद्ध निवेश लिया जाता है क्योंकि मूल्यह्रास पहले ही घटाया जाता है। सकल निवेश लेने पर सकल घरेलू उत्पाद मिलेगा।
Using (Net\ Investment = Gross\ Investment - Depreciation) the answer is 130 crore rupees. Net investment shows the actual increase in capital stock.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. 130 करोड़ रुपये / 130 crore rupees. Using (Net\ Investment = Gross\ Investment - Depreciation) the answer is 130 crore rupees. Net investment shows the actual increase in capital stock.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सूत्र (Net\ Investment = Gross\ Investment - Depreciation) से उत्तर 130 करोड़ रुपये है। शुद्ध निवेश पूंजी भंडार में वास्तविक वृद्धि दिखाता है।
When gross investment is less than depreciation net investment is negative. This means the capital stock is declining.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. ऋणात्मक / Negative. When gross investment is less than depreciation net investment is negative. This means the capital stock is declining.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सकल निवेश मूल्यह्रास से कम होने पर शुद्ध निवेश ऋणात्मक होता है। इसका अर्थ पूंजी भंडार में कमी है।
D. सामान्यतः अपरिवर्तित रहेगा/It will generally remain unchanged
Step 1
Concept
When gross investment equals depreciation net investment is zero. Therefore the capital stock generally does not increase.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. सामान्यतः अपरिवर्तित रहेगा / It will generally remain unchanged. When gross investment equals depreciation net investment is zero. Therefore the capital stock generally does not increase.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सकल निवेश मूल्यह्रास के बराबर होने पर शुद्ध निवेश शून्य होता है। इसलिए पूंजी भंडार सामान्यतः नहीं बढ़ता।
B. उपयोग और सामान्य घिसावट/Use and normal wear and tear
Step 1
Concept
A machine loses value due to use and wear over time. This is normal depreciation.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. उपयोग और सामान्य घिसावट / Use and normal wear and tear. A machine loses value due to use and wear over time. This is normal depreciation.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मशीन के उपयोग और समय के साथ घिसावट से उसका मूल्य घटता है। यही सामान्य मूल्यह्रास है।
C. क्योंकि यह सामान्य और अनुमानित घिसावट नहीं है/Because it is not normal and expected wear
Step 1
Concept
Normal depreciation is regular and expected capital consumption. Sudden loss due to a natural disaster is treated as capital loss.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. क्योंकि यह सामान्य और अनुमानित घिसावट नहीं है / Because it is not normal and expected wear. Normal depreciation is regular and expected capital consumption. Sudden loss due to a natural disaster is treated as capital loss.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सामान्य मूल्यह्रास नियमित और अनुमानित पूंजी क्षय है। प्राकृतिक आपदा से अचानक नुकसान पूंजी हानि माना जाता है।
D. नहीं क्योंकि मूल्यह्रास उपयोग से होने वाला मूल्य क्षय है/No because depreciation is loss of value due to use
Step 1
Concept
A general price change is not treated as depreciation. Depreciation is capital consumption arising from use in production.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. नहीं क्योंकि मूल्यह्रास उपयोग से होने वाला मूल्य क्षय है / No because depreciation is loss of value due to use. A general price change is not treated as depreciation. Depreciation is capital consumption arising from use in production.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सामान्य कीमत परिवर्तन को मूल्यह्रास नहीं माना जाता। मूल्यह्रास उत्पादन में उपयोग से होने वाला पूंजी क्षय है।
Measurement at constant prices removes the effect of price changes. It gives a better estimate of changes in real output.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मूल्य परिवर्तन / Price changes. Measurement at constant prices removes the effect of price changes. It gives a better estimate of changes in real output.
Step 3
Exam Tip
स्थिर कीमतों पर मापने से कीमतों में परिवर्तन का प्रभाव हट जाता है। इससे वास्तविक उत्पादन परिवर्तन का बेहतर अनुमान मिलता है।
B. मौद्रिक या नाममात्र शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद/Nominal NDP
Step 1
Concept
NDP measured at current-year prices is called nominal NDP. It reflects changes in both prices and output.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. मौद्रिक या नाममात्र शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद / Nominal NDP. NDP measured at current-year prices is called nominal NDP. It reflects changes in both prices and output.
Step 3
Exam Tip
चालू वर्ष की कीमतों पर मापा गया शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद नाममात्र शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद कहलाता है। इसमें कीमत और उत्पादन दोनों के परिवर्तन का प्रभाव रहता है।
When real output is unchanged a rise in nominal NDP may result from higher prices. Understand the distinction between real and nominal measures.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. कीमतों में वृद्धि / Rise in prices. When real output is unchanged a rise in nominal NDP may result from higher prices. Understand the distinction between real and nominal measures.
Step 3
Exam Tip
वास्तविक उत्पादन स्थिर होने पर नाममात्र वृद्धि कीमतों के बढ़ने से हो सकती है। वास्तविक और नाममात्र माप में अंतर समझें।
Per capita NDP is obtained by dividing total NDP by population. It indicates average net domestic output per person.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. \(Per\ Capita\ NDP = NDP \div Population\). Per capita NDP is obtained by dividing total NDP by population. It indicates average net domestic output per person.
Step 3
Exam Tip
प्रति व्यक्ति शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद कुल शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद को जनसंख्या से भाग देकर मिलता है। यह औसत उत्पादन का संकेत देता है।
Dividing 5000 crore rupees by 10 lakh persons gives 50000 rupees per person. Convert the units carefully.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. 50000 रुपये / 50000 rupees. Dividing 5000 crore rupees by 10 lakh persons gives 50000 rupees per person. Convert the units carefully.
Step 3
Exam Tip
(5000) करोड़ रुपये को (10) लाख व्यक्तियों से भाग देने पर प्रति व्यक्ति राशि 50000 रुपये होती है। इकाइयों को सावधानी से बदलें।
B. नहीं क्योंकि आय वितरण और पर्यावरण जैसे कारक भी महत्वपूर्ण हैं/No because factors such as income distribution and environment also matter
Step 1
Concept
NDP is a measure of production but not a complete measure of welfare. Income distribution environment and non-market services also matter.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. नहीं क्योंकि आय वितरण और पर्यावरण जैसे कारक भी महत्वपूर्ण हैं / No because factors such as income distribution and environment also matter. NDP is a measure of production but not a complete measure of welfare. Income distribution environment and non-market services also matter.
Step 3
Exam Tip
शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद उत्पादन का माप है लेकिन कल्याण का पूर्ण माप नहीं है। आय वितरण पर्यावरण और गैर बाजार सेवाएं भी महत्वपूर्ण हैं।
Depreciation is \(2000 \times \frac{10}{100} = 200\) crore rupees so (NDP = 2000 - 200 = 1800) crore rupees. In percentage questions calculate depreciation first.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. 1800 करोड़ रुपये / 1800 crore rupees. Depreciation is \(2000 \times \frac{10}{100} = 200\) crore rupees so (NDP = 2000 - 200 = 1800) crore rupees. In percentage questions calculate depreciation first.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मूल्यह्रास \(2000 \times \frac{10}{100} = 200\) करोड़ रुपये है इसलिए (NDP = 2000 - 200 = 1800) करोड़ रुपये होगा। प्रतिशत प्रश्न में पहले मूल्यह्रास निकालें।
