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Class 12 Economics Hard Quiz

Level 12 • 50/50 questions • 30 seconds per question.

Level readiness 50/50 Questions
Time Left 25:00 30 sec/question
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Question 1 / 50 0 score
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यदि सकल निवेश (500) और मूल्यह्रास (180) है तो पूंजी स्टॉक में शुद्ध जोड़ कितना होगा?

If gross investment is (500) and depreciation is (180), what will be the net addition to capital stock?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. (320)

Step 1

Concept

Net addition to capital stock equals net investment and (500 - 180 = 320). In exams, deduct depreciation to find net addition.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. (320). Net addition to capital stock equals net investment and (500 - 180 = 320). In exams, deduct depreciation to find net addition.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पूंजी स्टॉक में शुद्ध जोड़ शुद्ध निवेश के बराबर होता है और (500 - 180 = 320) है। परीक्षा में शुद्ध जोड़ निकालने के लिए मूल्यह्रास घटाएँ।

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यदि शुद्ध निवेश (-40) और सकल निवेश (160) है तो मूल्यह्रास कितना होगा?

If net investment is (-40) and gross investment is (160), what will depreciation be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. (200)

Step 1

Concept

Using (Net\ investment = Gross\ investment - Depreciation), depreciation is (200). In exams, do not get confused by negative net investment.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. (200). Using (Net\ investment = Gross\ investment - Depreciation), depreciation is (200). In exams, do not get confused by negative net investment.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सूत्र के अनुसार (Net\ investment = Gross\ investment - Depreciation), इसलिए मूल्यह्रास (200) होगा। परीक्षा में ऋणात्मक शुद्ध निवेश देखकर घबराएँ नहीं।

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यदि एक अर्थव्यवस्था में सकल निवेश (300) है और पूंजी स्टॉक (20) से घटता है, तो मूल्यह्रास कितना माना जाएगा?

If gross investment is (300) and capital stock falls by (20), what depreciation will be assumed?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. (320)

Step 1

Concept

A fall of (20) in capital stock means net investment is (-20), so depreciation is (320). In exams, connect stock change with net investment.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. (320). A fall of (20) in capital stock means net investment is (-20), so depreciation is (320). In exams, connect stock change with net investment.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पूंजी स्टॉक में (20) की कमी का अर्थ शुद्ध निवेश (-20) है, इसलिए मूल्यह्रास (320) होगा। परीक्षा में stock change को net investment से जोड़ें।

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यदि सकल निवेश (250) है और पूंजी स्टॉक (70) से बढ़ता है, तो मूल्यह्रास कितना होगा?

If gross investment is (250) and capital stock increases by (70), what will depreciation be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. (180)

Step 1

Concept

The increase in capital stock is net investment (70), so depreciation is (250 - 70 = 180). In exams, treat net addition as net investment.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. (180). The increase in capital stock is net investment (70), so depreciation is (250 - 70 = 180). In exams, treat net addition as net investment.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पूंजी स्टॉक में वृद्धि शुद्ध निवेश (70) है, इसलिए मूल्यह्रास (250 - 70 = 180) है। परीक्षा में net addition को शुद्ध निवेश मानें।

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किस स्थिति में सकल निवेश का पूरा भाग केवल प्रतिस्थापन निवेश कहलाएगा?

In which situation will the whole gross investment be called only replacement investment?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. जब शुद्ध निवेश शून्य होWhen net investment is zero

Step 1

Concept

When net investment is zero, gross investment only replaces worn-out capital. In exams, connect replacement investment with depreciation cover.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. जब शुद्ध निवेश शून्य हो / When net investment is zero. When net investment is zero, gross investment only replaces worn-out capital. In exams, connect replacement investment with depreciation cover.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शुद्ध निवेश शून्य होने पर सकल निवेश केवल घिसी पूंजी की भरपाई करता है। परीक्षा में replacement investment को depreciation cover से जोड़ें।

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किस कथन में सकल निवेश की संरचना सही बताई गई है?

Which statement correctly describes the composition of gross investment?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. सकल निवेश शुद्ध निवेश और मूल्यह्रास का योग हैGross investment is the sum of net investment and depreciation

Step 1

Concept

Gross investment includes net addition to capital and replacement of worn-out capital. In exams, understand gross as total investment.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. सकल निवेश शुद्ध निवेश और मूल्यह्रास का योग है / Gross investment is the sum of net investment and depreciation. Gross investment includes net addition to capital and replacement of worn-out capital. In exams, understand gross as total investment.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सकल निवेश में पूंजी का शुद्ध जोड़ और घिसी पूंजी की भरपाई दोनों शामिल होते हैं। परीक्षा में gross को total investment समझें।

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यदि (GDP) (900) और (NDP) (760) है तो मूल्यह्रास कितना है?

If (GDP) is (900) and (NDP) is (760), what is depreciation?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. (140)

Step 1

Concept

Depreciation is (GDP - NDP = 900 - 760 = 140). In exams, the difference between gross and net product is depreciation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. (140). Depreciation is (GDP - NDP = 900 - 760 = 140). In exams, the difference between gross and net product is depreciation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मूल्यह्रास (GDP - NDP = 900 - 760 = 140) है। परीक्षा में gross और net product का अंतर depreciation होता है।

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यदि (NNP) (840) और मूल्यह्रास (90) है तो (GNP) कितना होगा?

If (NNP) is (840) and depreciation is (90), what will (GNP) be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. (930)

Step 1

Concept

To get the gross measure, add depreciation to the net measure, so (840 + 90 = 930). In exams, add depreciation when moving from net to gross.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. (930). To get the gross measure, add depreciation to the net measure, so (840 + 90 = 930). In exams, add depreciation when moving from net to gross.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सकल माप निकालने के लिए शुद्ध माप में मूल्यह्रास जोड़ते हैं, इसलिए (840 + 90 = 930) है। परीक्षा में net से gross जाते समय depreciation जोड़ें।

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किस विकल्प में मूल्यह्रास का सबसे सही अर्थ है?

Which option gives the most accurate meaning of depreciation?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. स्थिर पूंजी के मूल्य में सामान्य उपयोग और अप्रचलन से कमीFall in fixed capital value due to normal use and obsolescence

Step 1

Concept

Depreciation is the fall in value of fixed capital due to normal wear and obsolescence. In exams, treat it as consumption of fixed capital.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. स्थिर पूंजी के मूल्य में सामान्य उपयोग और अप्रचलन से कमी / Fall in fixed capital value due to normal use and obsolescence. Depreciation is the fall in value of fixed capital due to normal wear and obsolescence. In exams, treat it as consumption of fixed capital.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मूल्यह्रास स्थिर पूंजी की सामान्य घिसावट और अप्रचलन से मूल्य कमी है। परीक्षा में इसे fixed capital consumption मानें।

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यदि सकल निवेश (400) और प्रतिस्थापन निवेश (150) है तो शुद्ध निवेश कितना होगा?

If gross investment is (400) and replacement investment is (150), what will net investment be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. (250)

Step 1

Concept

Replacement investment covers depreciation, so net investment is (400 - 150 = 250). In exams, treat replacement as equal to depreciation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. (250). Replacement investment covers depreciation, so net investment is (400 - 150 = 250). In exams, treat replacement as equal to depreciation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

प्रतिस्थापन निवेश मूल्यह्रास की भरपाई है, इसलिए शुद्ध निवेश (400 - 150 = 250) होगा। परीक्षा में replacement को depreciation के बराबर मानें।

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यदि सकल निवेश (280) और मूल्यह्रास (280) है तो कौन-सा निष्कर्ष सही है?

If gross investment is (280) and depreciation is (280), which conclusion is correct?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. पूंजी स्टॉक में शुद्ध वृद्धि शून्य हैNet increase in capital stock is zero

Step 1

Concept

Gross investment equals depreciation, so net investment will be zero. In exams, equality means maintenance of capital stock.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. पूंजी स्टॉक में शुद्ध वृद्धि शून्य है / Net increase in capital stock is zero. Gross investment equals depreciation, so net investment will be zero. In exams, equality means maintenance of capital stock.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सकल निवेश मूल्यह्रास के बराबर है, इसलिए शुद्ध निवेश शून्य होगा। परीक्षा में बराबरी का अर्थ maintenance of capital stock समझें।

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यदि मूल्यह्रास (120) और शुद्ध निवेश (60) है तो प्रतिस्थापन निवेश और सकल निवेश क्रमशः क्या होंगे?

If depreciation is (120) and net investment is (60), what will replacement investment and gross investment respectively be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. (120) और (180)(120) and (180)

Step 1

Concept

Replacement investment equals depreciation (120), and gross investment is (60 + 120 = 180). In exams, read the order carefully.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. (120) और (180) / (120) and (180). Replacement investment equals depreciation (120), and gross investment is (60 + 120 = 180). In exams, read the order carefully.

Step 3

Exam Tip

प्रतिस्थापन निवेश मूल्यह्रास (120) के बराबर है और सकल निवेश (60 + 120 = 180) है। परीक्षा में क्रम को ध्यान से पढ़ें।

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जब शुद्ध निवेश ऋणात्मक होता है तब अर्थव्यवस्था के बारे में सबसे सही निष्कर्ष क्या है?

When net investment is negative, what is the most correct conclusion about the economy?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. पूंजी स्टॉक घट रहा हैCapital stock is declining

Step 1

Concept

Negative net investment means wear of capital exceeds new capital addition. This reduces capital stock.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. पूंजी स्टॉक घट रहा है / Capital stock is declining. Negative net investment means wear of capital exceeds new capital addition. This reduces capital stock.

Step 3

Exam Tip

ऋणात्मक शुद्ध निवेश का अर्थ है कि पूंजी की घिसावट नई पूंजी से अधिक है। इससे पूंजी स्टॉक घटता है।

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यदि अर्थव्यवस्था की उत्पादन क्षमता बनाए रखनी है, तो सकल निवेश कम से कम किसके बराबर होना चाहिए?

If an economy wants to maintain productive capacity, gross investment should at least be equal to what?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. मूल्यह्रासDepreciation

Step 1

Concept

To maintain existing capital capacity, worn-out capital must be replaced. Therefore, gross investment should at least equal depreciation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. मूल्यह्रास / Depreciation. To maintain existing capital capacity, worn-out capital must be replaced. Therefore, gross investment should at least equal depreciation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मौजूदा पूंजी क्षमता बनाए रखने के लिए घिसी पूंजी की भरपाई जरूरी है। इसलिए सकल निवेश कम से कम मूल्यह्रास के बराबर होना चाहिए।

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यदि सकल निवेश मूल्यह्रास से कम है तो पूंजी निर्माण के बारे में कौन-सा कथन सही है?

If gross investment is less than depreciation, which statement about capital formation is correct?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. शुद्ध पूंजी निर्माण ऋणात्मक हैNet capital formation is negative

Step 1

Concept

When gross investment is less than depreciation, net investment is negative. Hence net capital formation will also be negative.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. शुद्ध पूंजी निर्माण ऋणात्मक है / Net capital formation is negative. When gross investment is less than depreciation, net investment is negative. Hence net capital formation will also be negative.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सकल निवेश मूल्यह्रास से कम होने पर शुद्ध निवेश ऋणात्मक होता है। इसलिए शुद्ध पूंजी निर्माण भी ऋणात्मक होगा।

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किस कथन में gross और net का संबंध गलत है?

Which statement gives an incorrect relation between gross and net?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

D. (Net\ investment = Gross\ investment + Depreciation)

Step 1

Concept

Depreciation is not added to net investment; it is deducted from gross investment. In exams, remember deduction for gross to net.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is D. (Net\ investment = Gross\ investment + Depreciation). Depreciation is not added to net investment; it is deducted from gross investment. In exams, remember deduction for gross to net.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शुद्ध निवेश में मूल्यह्रास जोड़ा नहीं जाता बल्कि सकल निवेश से घटाया जाता है। परीक्षा में gross to net के लिए deduction याद रखें।

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यदि (GNP) (1200), मूल्यह्रास (150) और विदेश से शुद्ध कारक आय (50) है, तो (NNP) कितना होगा?

If (GNP) is (1200), depreciation is (150), and net factor income from abroad is (50), what will (NNP) be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. (1050)

Step 1

Concept

(NNP = GNP - Depreciation), so (1200 - 150 = 1050). Net factor income from abroad is already included in GNP here.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. (1050). (NNP = GNP - Depreciation), so (1200 - 150 = 1050). Net factor income from abroad is already included in GNP here.

Step 3

Exam Tip

(NNP = GNP - Depreciation), इसलिए (1200 - 150 = 1050) है। इस प्रश्न में विदेश से शुद्ध कारक आय पहले से GNP में शामिल है।

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यदि (GDP) (1000), मूल्यह्रास (100) और विदेश से शुद्ध कारक आय (40) है, तो (NDP) कितना होगा?

If (GDP) is (1000), depreciation is (100), and net factor income from abroad is (40), what will (NDP) be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. (900)

Step 1

Concept

(NDP = GDP - Depreciation), so (1000 - 100 = 900). Net factor income from abroad is not added while finding NDP.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. (900). (NDP = GDP - Depreciation), so (1000 - 100 = 900). Net factor income from abroad is not added while finding NDP.

Step 3

Exam Tip

(NDP = GDP - Depreciation), इसलिए (1000 - 100 = 900) है। NDP निकालते समय विदेश से शुद्ध कारक आय नहीं जोड़ी जाती।

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एक मशीन का मूल्य सामान्य उपयोग से घटता है लेकिन उसकी उत्पादन क्षमता बनी रहती है। राष्ट्रीय आय लेखांकन में इस कमी को किस रूप में माना जाएगा?

A machine loses value due to normal use but continues to produce. How is this fall treated in national income accounting?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. मूल्यह्रासDepreciation

Step 1

Concept

A fall in capital value due to normal use is depreciation. A machine may keep working while its value falls.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. मूल्यह्रास / Depreciation. A fall in capital value due to normal use is depreciation. A machine may keep working while its value falls.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सामान्य उपयोग से पूंजी के मूल्य में कमी मूल्यह्रास है। मशीन चालू रहने पर भी उसका मूल्य घट सकता है।

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यदि नई मशीनों पर खर्च (600) है और घिसी पूंजी की भरपाई (220) है, तो पूंजी स्टॉक में वास्तविक शुद्ध वृद्धि कितनी है?

If expenditure on new machines is (600) and replacement of worn-out capital is (220), what is the actual net increase in capital stock?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. (380)

Step 1

Concept

The actual net increase is net investment and (600 - 220 = 380). In exams, subtract replacement first.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. (380). The actual net increase is net investment and (600 - 220 = 380). In exams, subtract replacement first.

Step 3

Exam Tip

वास्तविक शुद्ध वृद्धि शुद्ध निवेश है और (600 - 220 = 380) है। परीक्षा में replacement को पहले घटाएँ।

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यदि अर्थव्यवस्था में सकल निवेश बढ़ता है लेकिन मूल्यह्रास उससे भी अधिक बढ़ जाता है, तो शुद्ध निवेश पर क्या प्रभाव संभव है?

If gross investment rises but depreciation rises even more, what may happen to net investment?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. शुद्ध निवेश घट सकता हैNet investment may fall

Step 1

Concept

Net investment is obtained after deducting depreciation from gross investment. If the deducted amount rises more, net investment may fall.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. शुद्ध निवेश घट सकता है / Net investment may fall. Net investment is obtained after deducting depreciation from gross investment. If the deducted amount rises more, net investment may fall.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शुद्ध निवेश सकल निवेश में से मूल्यह्रास घटाने पर मिलता है। यदि घटाई जाने वाली राशि अधिक बढ़े तो शुद्ध निवेश घट सकता है।

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किस विकल्प में केवल मूल्यह्रास के कारण पूंजी स्टॉक स्थिर रह सकता है?

In which option can capital stock remain constant after only replacing depreciation?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. सकल निवेश (150), मूल्यह्रास (150)Gross investment (150), depreciation (150)

Step 1

Concept

For capital stock to remain constant, net investment should be zero. In option B, (150 - 150 = 0).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. सकल निवेश (150), मूल्यह्रास (150) / Gross investment (150), depreciation (150). For capital stock to remain constant, net investment should be zero. In option B, (150 - 150 = 0).

Step 3

Exam Tip

पूंजी स्टॉक स्थिर रहने के लिए शुद्ध निवेश शून्य होना चाहिए। विकल्प B में (150 - 150 = 0) है।

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किस विकल्प में पूंजी स्टॉक घटेगा?

In which option will capital stock decrease?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. सकल निवेश (120), मूल्यह्रास (160)Gross investment (120), depreciation (160)

Step 1

Concept

In option C, net investment is (120 - 160 = -40). Negative net investment decreases capital stock.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. सकल निवेश (120), मूल्यह्रास (160) / Gross investment (120), depreciation (160). In option C, net investment is (120 - 160 = -40). Negative net investment decreases capital stock.

Step 3

Exam Tip

विकल्प C में शुद्ध निवेश (120 - 160 = -40) है। ऋणात्मक शुद्ध निवेश से पूंजी स्टॉक घटता है।

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किस विकल्प में पूंजी स्टॉक में सबसे अधिक वृद्धि होगी?

In which option will capital stock increase the most?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. सकल निवेश (320), मूल्यह्रास (40)Gross investment (320), depreciation (40)

Step 1

Concept

Option B has net investment (280), the highest. Increase in capital stock is measured by net investment.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. सकल निवेश (320), मूल्यह्रास (40) / Gross investment (320), depreciation (40). Option B has net investment (280), the highest. Increase in capital stock is measured by net investment.

Step 3

Exam Tip

विकल्प B में शुद्ध निवेश (280) है जो सबसे अधिक है। पूंजी स्टॉक में वृद्धि शुद्ध निवेश से मापी जाती है।

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राष्ट्रीय आय के सकल माप से शुद्ध माप में जाने के लिए क्या किया जाता है?

What is done to move from a gross measure to a net measure in national income?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. मूल्यह्रास घटाया जाता हैDepreciation is deducted

Step 1

Concept

Gross measure includes depreciation and net measure removes it. Keep the gross-to-net rule clear in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. मूल्यह्रास घटाया जाता है / Depreciation is deducted. Gross measure includes depreciation and net measure removes it. Keep the gross-to-net rule clear in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सकल माप में मूल्यह्रास शामिल होता है और शुद्ध माप में उसे हटा दिया जाता है। परीक्षा में gross to net का नियम स्पष्ट रखें।

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यदि (NDP) (950) और मूल्यह्रास (125) है तो (GDP) कितना होगा?

If (NDP) is (950) and depreciation is (125), what will (GDP) be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. (1075)

Step 1

Concept

To get gross domestic product, add depreciation to (NDP). Therefore, (950 + 125 = 1075).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. (1075). To get gross domestic product, add depreciation to (NDP). Therefore, (950 + 125 = 1075).

Step 3

Exam Tip

सकल घरेलू उत्पाद पाने के लिए (NDP) में मूल्यह्रास जोड़ते हैं। इसलिए (950 + 125 = 1075) है।

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यदि शुद्ध निवेश (0) है और मूल्यह्रास (240) है तो सकल निवेश कितना होगा?

If net investment is (0) and depreciation is (240), what will gross investment be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. (240)

Step 1

Concept

Gross investment is (Net\ investment + Depreciation), so (0 + 240 = 240). This shows only replacement.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. (240). Gross investment is (Net\ investment + Depreciation), so (0 + 240 = 240). This shows only replacement.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सकल निवेश (Net\ investment + Depreciation) है, इसलिए (0 + 240 = 240) होगा। यह केवल replacement दिखाता है।

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यदि सकल निवेश शून्य है लेकिन मूल्यह्रास (50) है तो शुद्ध निवेश कितना होगा?

If gross investment is zero but depreciation is (50), what will net investment be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. (-50)

Step 1

Concept

Net investment will be (0 - 50 = -50). Without new capital, depreciation reduces capital stock.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. (-50). Net investment will be (0 - 50 = -50). Without new capital, depreciation reduces capital stock.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शुद्ध निवेश (0 - 50 = -50) होगा। नई पूंजी न होने पर मूल्यह्रास पूंजी स्टॉक को घटाता है।

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किस कथन में प्रतिस्थापन निवेश की सही भूमिका बताई गई है?

Which statement correctly states the role of replacement investment?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. यह घिसी हुई पूंजी की भरपाई करता हैIt replaces worn-out capital

Step 1

Concept

The main role of replacement investment is to cover depreciation. It does not by itself show net growth.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. यह घिसी हुई पूंजी की भरपाई करता है / It replaces worn-out capital. The main role of replacement investment is to cover depreciation. It does not by itself show net growth.

Step 3

Exam Tip

प्रतिस्थापन निवेश का मुख्य काम मूल्यह्रास की भरपाई करना है। यह अपने आप शुद्ध वृद्धि नहीं बताता।

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यदि एक पुरानी मशीन को समान क्षमता वाली नई मशीन से बदला गया है, तो यह मुख्यतः किस निवेश का उदाहरण है?

If an old machine is replaced by a new machine of the same capacity, what type of investment is this mainly?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. प्रतिस्थापन निवेशReplacement investment

Step 1

Concept

A new machine of the same capacity replaces the old worn-out machine. Hence it is mainly replacement investment.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. प्रतिस्थापन निवेश / Replacement investment. A new machine of the same capacity replaces the old worn-out machine. Hence it is mainly replacement investment.

Step 3

Exam Tip

समान क्षमता वाली नई मशीन पुरानी घिसी मशीन की भरपाई करती है। इसलिए यह मुख्यतः प्रतिस्थापन निवेश है।

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यदि पुरानी मशीन को अधिक क्षमता वाली नई मशीन से बदला जाता है, तो कुल खर्च में कौन-से भाग हो सकते हैं?

If an old machine is replaced by a higher-capacity new machine, what parts may be included in the total expenditure?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. प्रतिस्थापन भाग और शुद्ध निवेश भागReplacement part and net investment part

Step 1

Concept

Replacement covers old capacity and extra capacity is net investment. In exams, separate replacement and expansion.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. प्रतिस्थापन भाग और शुद्ध निवेश भाग / Replacement part and net investment part. Replacement covers old capacity and extra capacity is net investment. In exams, separate replacement and expansion.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पुरानी क्षमता की भरपाई replacement है और अतिरिक्त क्षमता शुद्ध निवेश है। परीक्षा में replacement और expansion को अलग करें।

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किस विकल्प में शुद्ध निवेश को गलत समझा गया है?

Which option misunderstands net investment?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

D. यह हमेशा मूल्यह्रास के बराबर होता हैIt is always equal to depreciation

Step 1

Concept

Net investment is not always equal to depreciation. It depends on the difference between gross investment and depreciation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is D. यह हमेशा मूल्यह्रास के बराबर होता है / It is always equal to depreciation. Net investment is not always equal to depreciation. It depends on the difference between gross investment and depreciation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शुद्ध निवेश हमेशा मूल्यह्रास के बराबर नहीं होता। यह सकल निवेश और मूल्यह्रास के अंतर पर निर्भर करता है।

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किस विकल्प में सकल निवेश को गलत समझा गया है?

Which option misunderstands gross investment?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

D. यह हमेशा शुद्ध निवेश से कम होता हैIt is always less than net investment

Step 1

Concept

Because gross investment includes depreciation, it is generally greater than or equal to net investment. Saying it is always less is wrong.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is D. यह हमेशा शुद्ध निवेश से कम होता है / It is always less than net investment. Because gross investment includes depreciation, it is generally greater than or equal to net investment. Saying it is always less is wrong.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सकल निवेश में मूल्यह्रास शामिल होने से यह सामान्यतः शुद्ध निवेश से अधिक या बराबर होता है। इसे हमेशा कम कहना गलत है।

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यदि किसी वर्ष में पूंजी स्टॉक स्थिर है और मूल्यह्रास (75) है, तो सकल निवेश कितना होगा?

If capital stock is constant in a year and depreciation is (75), what will gross investment be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. (75)

Step 1

Concept

Constant capital stock means net investment is zero. Therefore, gross investment will equal depreciation (75).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. (75). Constant capital stock means net investment is zero. Therefore, gross investment will equal depreciation (75).

Step 3

Exam Tip

पूंजी स्टॉक स्थिर होने का अर्थ शुद्ध निवेश शून्य है। इसलिए सकल निवेश मूल्यह्रास (75) के बराबर होगा।

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यदि शुद्ध निवेश (90) और सकल निवेश (90) है तो कौन-सा निष्कर्ष सही है?

If net investment is (90) and gross investment is (90), which conclusion is correct?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. मूल्यह्रास (0) हैDepreciation is (0)

Step 1

Concept

Gross and net investment are equal, so their difference, depreciation, is (0). In exams, equality may mean zero depreciation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. मूल्यह्रास (0) है / Depreciation is (0). Gross and net investment are equal, so their difference, depreciation, is (0). In exams, equality may mean zero depreciation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सकल और शुद्ध निवेश बराबर हैं, इसलिए उनका अंतर यानी मूल्यह्रास (0) है। परीक्षा में equality का अर्थ zero depreciation हो सकता है।

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यदि शुद्ध निवेश (45) और पूंजी स्टॉक में शुद्ध वृद्धि (45) है, तो यह क्या दर्शाता है?

If net investment is (45) and net increase in capital stock is (45), what does it show?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. शुद्ध निवेश पूंजी स्टॉक की शुद्ध वृद्धि को मापता हैNet investment measures net increase in capital stock

Step 1

Concept

Net investment means net addition to capital stock. In exams, connect net investment and net addition as the same idea.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. शुद्ध निवेश पूंजी स्टॉक की शुद्ध वृद्धि को मापता है / Net investment measures net increase in capital stock. Net investment means net addition to capital stock. In exams, connect net investment and net addition as the same idea.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शुद्ध निवेश का अर्थ पूंजी स्टॉक में शुद्ध जोड़ है। परीक्षा में net investment और net addition को समान विचार से जोड़ें।

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यदि (GDP) (1500), (NDP) (1320) और सकल निवेश (400) है, तो मूल्यह्रास और शुद्ध निवेश क्रमशः क्या होंगे?

If (GDP) is (1500), (NDP) is (1320), and gross investment is (400), what will depreciation and net investment respectively be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. (180) और (220)(180) and (220)

Step 1

Concept

Depreciation is (1500 - 1320 = 180) and net investment is (400 - 180 = 220). In exams, keep the two steps separate.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. (180) और (220) / (180) and (220). Depreciation is (1500 - 1320 = 180) and net investment is (400 - 180 = 220). In exams, keep the two steps separate.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मूल्यह्रास (1500 - 1320 = 180) है और शुद्ध निवेश (400 - 180 = 220) है। परीक्षा में दो चरणों को अलग रखें।

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यदि (GNP) (2000), (NNP) (1850) और शुद्ध निवेश (250) है, तो सकल निवेश कितना होगा?

If (GNP) is (2000), (NNP) is (1850), and net investment is (250), what will gross investment be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. (400)

Step 1

Concept

Depreciation is (2000 - 1850 = 150) and gross investment is (250 + 150 = 400). In exams, use product difference to find depreciation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. (400). Depreciation is (2000 - 1850 = 150) and gross investment is (250 + 150 = 400). In exams, use product difference to find depreciation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मूल्यह्रास (2000 - 1850 = 150) है और सकल निवेश (250 + 150 = 400) है। परीक्षा में product difference से depreciation निकालें।

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किस स्थिति में सकल निवेश अधिक होने पर भी शुद्ध निवेश कम हो सकता है?

In which situation can net investment be low even when gross investment is high?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. मूल्यह्रास भी बहुत अधिक होDepreciation is also very high

Step 1

Concept

Net investment is obtained by deducting depreciation from gross investment. Therefore, high depreciation can make net investment low even with high gross investment.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. मूल्यह्रास भी बहुत अधिक हो / Depreciation is also very high. Net investment is obtained by deducting depreciation from gross investment. Therefore, high depreciation can make net investment low even with high gross investment.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शुद्ध निवेश सकल निवेश से मूल्यह्रास घटाकर मिलता है। इसलिए उच्च मूल्यह्रास high gross investment को भी कम net बना सकता है।

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यदि अर्थव्यवस्था में पूंजी स्टॉक घट रहा है, तो कौन-सा संबंध सही हो सकता है?

If capital stock is declining in an economy, which relation may be correct?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. सकल निवेश मूल्यह्रास से कम हैGross investment is less than depreciation

Step 1

Concept

Declining capital stock means net investment is negative. This happens when gross investment is less than depreciation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. सकल निवेश मूल्यह्रास से कम है / Gross investment is less than depreciation. Declining capital stock means net investment is negative. This happens when gross investment is less than depreciation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पूंजी स्टॉक घटने का अर्थ है कि शुद्ध निवेश ऋणात्मक है। यह तब होता है जब सकल निवेश मूल्यह्रास से कम हो।

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किस विकल्प में पूंजी स्टॉक स्थिर रहने की स्थिति सही है?

Which option correctly shows the condition for capital stock to remain constant?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. (Gross\ investment = Depreciation)

Step 1

Concept

For capital stock to remain constant, net investment must be zero. This occurs when gross investment equals depreciation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. (Gross\ investment = Depreciation). For capital stock to remain constant, net investment must be zero. This occurs when gross investment equals depreciation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पूंजी स्टॉक स्थिर रहने के लिए शुद्ध निवेश शून्य होना चाहिए। यह तब होता है जब gross investment depreciation के बराबर हो।

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किस विकल्प में उत्पादन क्षमता बढ़ने की स्थिति सही है?

Which option correctly shows the condition for productive capacity to increase?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. (Gross\ investment > Depreciation)

Step 1

Concept

To increase productive capacity, there must be a net addition to capital stock. This happens when gross investment is greater than depreciation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. (Gross\ investment > Depreciation). To increase productive capacity, there must be a net addition to capital stock. This happens when gross investment is greater than depreciation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

उत्पादन क्षमता बढ़ने के लिए पूंजी स्टॉक में शुद्ध जोड़ जरूरी है। यह तब होगा जब सकल निवेश मूल्यह्रास से अधिक हो।

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सकल निवेश (1000), शुद्ध निवेश (300) और मूल्यह्रास के बीच सही संबंध क्या है?

What is the correct relation among gross investment (1000), net investment (300), and depreciation?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. मूल्यह्रास (700) हैDepreciation is (700)

Step 1

Concept

Depreciation is (1000 - 300 = 700). In exams, a large gap between gross and net shows high depreciation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. मूल्यह्रास (700) है / Depreciation is (700). Depreciation is (1000 - 300 = 700). In exams, a large gap between gross and net shows high depreciation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मूल्यह्रास (1000 - 300 = 700) है। परीक्षा में gross और net का बड़ा अंतर high depreciation दिखाता है।

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किस विकल्प में सकल निवेश सकारात्मक है लेकिन शुद्ध निवेश ऋणात्मक है?

Which option has positive gross investment but negative net investment?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. सकल (120), मूल्यह्रास (180)Gross (120), depreciation (180)

Step 1

Concept

In option C, gross investment is (120), but net investment is (120 - 180 = -60). Net can be negative despite positive gross investment.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. सकल (120), मूल्यह्रास (180) / Gross (120), depreciation (180). In option C, gross investment is (120), but net investment is (120 - 180 = -60). Net can be negative despite positive gross investment.

Step 3

Exam Tip

विकल्प C में सकल निवेश (120) है पर शुद्ध निवेश (120 - 180 = -60) है। positive gross investment के बावजूद net negative हो सकता है।

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यदि प्रतिस्थापन निवेश (90) और शुद्ध निवेश (210) है, तो सकल निवेश और मूल्यह्रास क्रमशः क्या होंगे?

If replacement investment is (90) and net investment is (210), what will gross investment and depreciation respectively be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. (300) और (90)(300) and (90)

Step 1

Concept

Replacement investment equals depreciation (90), and gross investment is (210 + 90 = 300). In exams, read both order and terms carefully.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. (300) और (90) / (300) and (90). Replacement investment equals depreciation (90), and gross investment is (210 + 90 = 300). In exams, read both order and terms carefully.

Step 3

Exam Tip

प्रतिस्थापन निवेश मूल्यह्रास (90) है और सकल निवेश (210 + 90 = 300) है। परीक्षा में क्रम और शब्द दोनों ध्यान से देखें।

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कठिन प्रश्नों में सकल निवेश, शुद्ध निवेश और मूल्यह्रास को जोड़ने का सबसे सुरक्षित नियम कौन-सा है?

What is the safest rule for linking gross investment, net investment, and depreciation in difficult questions?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. शुद्ध निवेश में मूल्यह्रास जोड़कर सकल निवेश मिलता हैAdding depreciation to net investment gives gross investment

Step 1

Concept

The safe relation is (Gross\ investment = Net\ investment + Depreciation). Other forms can be derived from it.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. शुद्ध निवेश में मूल्यह्रास जोड़कर सकल निवेश मिलता है / Adding depreciation to net investment gives gross investment. The safe relation is (Gross\ investment = Net\ investment + Depreciation). Other forms can be derived from it.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सुरक्षित संबंध है (Gross\ investment = Net\ investment + Depreciation)। इसी से बाकी रूप भी निकाले जा सकते हैं।

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यदि सकल निवेश (360) है और शुद्ध निवेश (-30) है, तो मूल्यह्रास कितना होगा?

If gross investment is (360) and net investment is (-30), what will depreciation be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. (390)

Step 1

Concept

Using (Net\ investment = Gross\ investment - Depreciation), depreciation will be (390). In exams, negative net investment means depreciation is greater than gross investment.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. (390). Using (Net\ investment = Gross\ investment - Depreciation), depreciation will be (390). In exams, negative net investment means depreciation is greater than gross investment.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सूत्र (Net\ investment = Gross\ investment - Depreciation) से मूल्यह्रास (390) होगा। परीक्षा में ऋणात्मक शुद्ध निवेश का अर्थ है कि मूल्यह्रास सकल निवेश से अधिक है।

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यदि पूंजी स्टॉक में शुद्ध वृद्धि (125) है और मूल्यह्रास (75) है, तो सकल निवेश कितना होगा?

If the net increase in capital stock is (125) and depreciation is (75), what will gross investment be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. (200)

Step 1

Concept

Net increase in capital stock equals net investment, so gross investment will be (125 + 75 = 200). In exams, treat net addition as net investment.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. (200). Net increase in capital stock equals net investment, so gross investment will be (125 + 75 = 200). In exams, treat net addition as net investment.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पूंजी स्टॉक में शुद्ध वृद्धि शुद्ध निवेश के बराबर है, इसलिए सकल निवेश (125 + 75 = 200) होगा। परीक्षा में net addition को net investment मानें।

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यदि किसी अर्थव्यवस्था में सकल निवेश (240) और प्रतिस्थापन निवेश (300) है, तो पूंजी स्टॉक पर क्या प्रभाव होगा?

If an economy has gross investment (240) and replacement investment (300), what will be the effect on capital stock?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. पूंजी स्टॉक (60) से घटेगाCapital stock will decrease by (60)

Step 1

Concept

Replacement investment equals depreciation, so net investment will be (240 - 300 = -60). Negative net investment reduces capital stock.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. पूंजी स्टॉक (60) से घटेगा / Capital stock will decrease by (60). Replacement investment equals depreciation, so net investment will be (240 - 300 = -60). Negative net investment reduces capital stock.

Step 3

Exam Tip

प्रतिस्थापन निवेश मूल्यह्रास के बराबर है, इसलिए शुद्ध निवेश (240 - 300 = -60) होगा। ऋणात्मक शुद्ध निवेश से पूंजी स्टॉक घटता है।

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यदि (GDP) (1800), (NDP) (1600) और शुद्ध निवेश (450) है, तो सकल निवेश कितना होगा?

If (GDP) is (1800), (NDP) is (1600), and net investment is (450), what will gross investment be?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. (650)

Step 1

Concept

Depreciation is (1800 - 1600 = 200), and gross investment will be (450 + 200 = 650). In exams, first find depreciation and then gross investment.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. (650). Depreciation is (1800 - 1600 = 200), and gross investment will be (450 + 200 = 650). In exams, first find depreciation and then gross investment.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मूल्यह्रास (1800 - 1600 = 200) है और सकल निवेश (450 + 200 = 650) होगा। परीक्षा में पहले depreciation निकालकर फिर gross investment निकालें।

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