Russia was ruled by Tsar Nicholas II in 1914. In exams link Tsardom with autocratic rule.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. जार निकोलस द्वितीय / Tsar Nicholas II. Russia was ruled by Tsar Nicholas II in 1914. In exams link Tsardom with autocratic rule.
Step 3
Exam Tip
1914 में रूस पर जार निकोलस द्वितीय का शासन था। परीक्षा में जारशाही को निरंकुश शासन से जोड़ें।
C. वर्तमान रूस के साथ पोलैंड फिनलैंड और बाल्टिक क्षेत्र/Present Russia along with Poland Finland and Baltic areas
Step 1
Concept
The Russian Empire was very large. It included present Russia and many European and Asian regions.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. वर्तमान रूस के साथ पोलैंड फिनलैंड और बाल्टिक क्षेत्र / Present Russia along with Poland Finland and Baltic areas. The Russian Empire was very large. It included present Russia and many European and Asian regions.
Step 3
Exam Tip
रूसी साम्राज्य बहुत विशाल था। इसमें वर्तमान रूस के अलावा कई यूरोपीय और एशियाई क्षेत्र शामिल थे।
A. भूमि की कमी और जमींदारों के अधिकार/Lack of land and landlords' control
Step 1
Concept
The main problem of peasants was linked with land. The land question was important in the background of the Russian Revolution.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. भूमि की कमी और जमींदारों के अधिकार / Lack of land and landlords' control. The main problem of peasants was linked with land. The land question was important in the background of the Russian Revolution.
Step 3
Exam Tip
किसानों की मुख्य समस्या जमीन से जुड़ी थी। भूमि प्रश्न रूसी क्रांति की पृष्ठभूमि में महत्वपूर्ण था।
B. क्योंकि कारखाना मजदूरों की कठिन दशा सामने आई/Because the difficult condition of factory workers emerged
Step 1
Concept
Industrialization increased the working class and revealed its problems. Link it with factory society.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. क्योंकि कारखाना मजदूरों की कठिन दशा सामने आई / Because the difficult condition of factory workers emerged. Industrialization increased the working class and revealed its problems. Link it with factory society.
Step 3
Exam Tip
औद्योगीकरण से मजदूर वर्ग बढ़ा और उसकी समस्याएं दिखीं। इसे कारखाना समाज से जोड़ें।
C. लंबे काम के घंटे और कम मजदूरी/Long working hours and low wages
Step 1
Concept
Workers' conditions were difficult. In exams write working hours wages and work conditions together.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. लंबे काम के घंटे और कम मजदूरी / Long working hours and low wages. Workers' conditions were difficult. In exams write working hours wages and work conditions together.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मजदूरों की दशा कठिन थी। परीक्षा में काम के घंटे मजदूरी और काम की स्थिति को साथ लिखें।
D. वे मजदूर वर्ग का महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा थीं/They were an important part of the working class
Step 1
Concept
Women worked in factories and were part of working life. Link them with the background of labour movement.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. वे मजदूर वर्ग का महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा थीं / They were an important part of the working class. Women worked in factories and were part of working life. Link them with the background of labour movement.
Step 3
Exam Tip
महिलाएं कारखानों में काम करती थीं और मजदूर जीवन का हिस्सा थीं। उन्हें श्रमिक आंदोलन की पृष्ठभूमि से जोड़ें।
Workers raised demands through strikes and organizations. Link it with the labour movement.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. हड़ताल और संगठन / Strikes and organization. Workers raised demands through strikes and organizations. Link it with the labour movement.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मजदूरों ने हड़तालों और संगठनों के माध्यम से मांगें उठाईं। इसे मजदूर आंदोलन से जोड़ें।
The Russian Social Democratic Workers Party was founded in 1898. In exams link it with workers and Marxist ideas.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. 1898 में / In 1898. The Russian Social Democratic Workers Party was founded in 1898. In exams link it with workers and Marxist ideas.
Step 3
Exam Tip
रूसी समाजवादी लोकतांत्रिक मजदूर पार्टी 1898 में बनी। परीक्षा में इसे मजदूर और मार्क्सवादी विचारों से जोड़ें।
The Socialist Revolutionary Party was linked with peasants and the land question. Remember it with peasant politics.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. किसान / Peasants. The Socialist Revolutionary Party was linked with peasants and the land question. Remember it with peasant politics.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सोशलिस्ट रेवोल्यूशनरी पार्टी किसानों और भूमि प्रश्न से जुड़ी थी। इसे किसान राजनीति से याद रखें।
B. बोल्शेविक और मेन्शेविक/Bolsheviks and Mensheviks
Step 1
Concept
The party split into Bolsheviks and Mensheviks. In exams remember their organizational differences.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. बोल्शेविक और मेन्शेविक / Bolsheviks and Mensheviks. The party split into Bolsheviks and Mensheviks. In exams remember their organizational differences.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पार्टी बोल्शेविक और मेन्शेविक समूहों में बंटी। परीक्षा में दोनों के संगठन संबंधी अंतर याद रखें।
D. अनुशासित क्रांतिकारी पार्टी/Disciplined revolutionary party
Step 1
Concept
Lenin wanted a professional and disciplined revolutionary party. Link it with Bolshevik organization.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. अनुशासित क्रांतिकारी पार्टी / Disciplined revolutionary party. Lenin wanted a professional and disciplined revolutionary party. Link it with Bolshevik organization.
Step 3
Exam Tip
लेनिन पेशेवर और अनुशासित क्रांतिकारी पार्टी चाहते थे। इसे बोल्शेविक संगठन से जोड़ें।
A. अधिक खुली और व्यापक पार्टी/A more open and broad party
Step 1
Concept
Mensheviks wanted a broad and open party. This was their main difference from Bolsheviks.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. अधिक खुली और व्यापक पार्टी / A more open and broad party. Mensheviks wanted a broad and open party. This was their main difference from Bolsheviks.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मेन्शेविक व्यापक और खुली पार्टी चाहते थे। यह बोल्शेविकों से उनका मुख्य अंतर था।
Bloody Sunday increased public anger. Remember it as an important cause of the 1905 Revolution.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. रक्तरंजित रविवार / Bloody Sunday. Bloody Sunday increased public anger. Remember it as an important cause of the 1905 Revolution.
Step 3
Exam Tip
रक्तरंजित रविवार ने जनाक्रोश बढ़ाया। इसे 1905 की क्रांति का महत्वपूर्ण कारण याद रखें।
Bloody Sunday was linked with firing on a peaceful procession in St Petersburg. Link it with 1905.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. सेंट पीटर्सबर्ग / St Petersburg. Bloody Sunday was linked with firing on a peaceful procession in St Petersburg. Link it with 1905.
Step 3
Exam Tip
रक्तरंजित रविवार सेंट पीटर्सबर्ग में शांतिपूर्ण जुलूस पर गोलीबारी से जुड़ा था। इसे 1905 से जोड़ें।
A. शांतिपूर्ण मांगपत्र देने के लिए/To present a peaceful petition
Step 1
Concept
People wanted to present their demands peacefully. The firing broke trust in the Tsar.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. शांतिपूर्ण मांगपत्र देने के लिए / To present a peaceful petition. People wanted to present their demands peacefully. The firing broke trust in the Tsar.
Step 3
Exam Tip
लोग अपनी मांगें शांतिपूर्वक रखना चाहते थे। गोलीबारी से जार के प्रति विश्वास टूट गया।
A. रूसी संसद जैसी निर्वाचित सभा/An elected assembly like a Russian parliament
Step 1
Concept
The Duma was Russia's elected assembly. But the Tsar continued to limit its powers.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. रूसी संसद जैसी निर्वाचित सभा / An elected assembly like a Russian parliament. The Duma was Russia's elected assembly. But the Tsar continued to limit its powers.
Step 3
Exam Tip
ड्यूमा रूस की निर्वाचित सभा थी। लेकिन जार उसका अधिकार सीमित करता रहा।
A. कठिनाई भूख और असंतोष बढ़ा/Hardship hunger and discontent increased
Step 1
Concept
The war increased food shortages and economic crisis. Link it with the background of the Revolution.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. कठिनाई भूख और असंतोष बढ़ा / Hardship hunger and discontent increased. The war increased food shortages and economic crisis. Link it with the background of the Revolution.
Step 3
Exam Tip
युद्ध से भोजन की कमी और आर्थिक संकट बढ़े। इसे क्रांति की पृष्ठभूमि से जोड़ें।
B. कठिन और नुकसान से भरी/Difficult and full of losses
Step 1
Concept
Russian soldiers faced heavy losses and hardships. This increased discontent against the regime.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. कठिन और नुकसान से भरी / Difficult and full of losses. Russian soldiers faced heavy losses and hardships. This increased discontent against the regime.
Step 3
Exam Tip
रूसी सैनिकों को भारी हानि और कठिनाइयों का सामना करना पड़ा। इससे शासन के प्रति असंतोष बढ़ा।
Women's strike was linked with bread and everyday hardships. Link it with popular discontent.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. रोटी की मांग / Demand for bread. Women's strike was linked with bread and everyday hardships. Link it with popular discontent.
Step 3
Exam Tip
महिलाओं की हड़ताल रोटी और रोजमर्रा की कठिनाइयों से जुड़ी थी। इसे जन असंतोष से जोड़ें।
After the February Revolution a Provisional Government was formed. Link it with the post Tsarist arrangement.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. प्रोविजनल सरकार / Provisional Government. After the February Revolution a Provisional Government was formed. Link it with the post Tsarist arrangement.
Step 3
Exam Tip
फरवरी क्रांति के बाद अस्थायी यानी प्रोविजनल सरकार बनी। इसे जारशाही के बाद की व्यवस्था से जोड़ें।
A. मजदूरों और सैनिकों की परिषदें/Councils of workers and soldiers
Step 1
Concept
Soviets were councils of workers and soldiers. Remember them as revolutionary organizations.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मजदूरों और सैनिकों की परिषदें / Councils of workers and soldiers. Soviets were councils of workers and soldiers. Remember them as revolutionary organizations.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सोवियत मजदूरों और सैनिकों की परिषदें थीं। इन्हें क्रांतिकारी संगठन के रूप में याद रखें।
A. प्रोविजनल सरकार और सोवियत/Provisional Government and Soviets
Step 1
Concept
After February the Provisional Government and Soviets were both influential. Understand it as dual power.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. प्रोविजनल सरकार और सोवियत / Provisional Government and Soviets. After February the Provisional Government and Soviets were both influential. Understand it as dual power.
Step 3
Exam Tip
फरवरी के बाद प्रोविजनल सरकार और सोवियत दोनों प्रभावी थे। इसे दोहरी सत्ता की स्थिति समझें।
A. युद्ध समाप्त हो जमीन किसानों को मिले और बैंकों का राष्ट्रीयकरण हो/End war give land to peasants and nationalize banks
Step 1
Concept
The April Theses spoke of peace land and bank nationalization. Remember these three demands in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. युद्ध समाप्त हो जमीन किसानों को मिले और बैंकों का राष्ट्रीयकरण हो / End war give land to peasants and nationalize banks. The April Theses spoke of peace land and bank nationalization. Remember these three demands in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
अप्रैल थीसिस में शांति जमीन और बैंक राष्ट्रीयकरण की बातें थीं। परीक्षा में तीनों मांगें याद रखें।
Lenin demanded an end to the war. This was linked with the mood of war tired people.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. युद्ध समाप्त किया जाए / The war should be ended. Lenin demanded an end to the war. This was linked with the mood of war tired people.
Step 3
Exam Tip
लेनिन ने युद्ध समाप्त करने की मांग की। यह युद्ध से थकी जनता की भावना से जुड़ी थी।
A. बैंकों का राष्ट्रीयकरण/Nationalization of banks
Step 1
Concept
The April Theses demanded nationalization of banks. Link it with socialist economic policy.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. बैंकों का राष्ट्रीयकरण / Nationalization of banks. The April Theses demanded nationalization of banks. Link it with socialist economic policy.
Step 3
Exam Tip
अप्रैल थीसिस में बैंकों के राष्ट्रीयकरण की मांग थी। इसे समाजवादी आर्थिक नीति से जोड़ें।
This slogan was linked with people's main needs. In exams remember peace land and bread together.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. शांति जमीन और रोटी / Peace Land and Bread. This slogan was linked with people's main needs. In exams remember peace land and bread together.
Step 3
Exam Tip
यह नारा जनता की मुख्य जरूरतों से जुड़ा था। परीक्षा में शांति जमीन और रोटी साथ याद रखें।
Petrograd was an important center in the October Revolution. Link it with Soviet and Bolshevik activities.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. पेट्रोग्राड / Petrograd. Petrograd was an important center in the October Revolution. Link it with Soviet and Bolshevik activities.
Step 3
Exam Tip
अक्टूबर क्रांति में पेट्रोग्राड महत्वपूर्ण केंद्र था। इसे सोवियत और बोल्शेविक गतिविधियों से जोड़ें।
The Bolshevik government was inspired by socialist ideas. Link it with workers' and peasants' interests.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. समाजवादी व्यवस्था / Socialist order. The Bolshevik government was inspired by socialist ideas. Link it with workers' and peasants' interests.
Step 3
Exam Tip
बोल्शेविक सरकार समाजवादी विचारों से प्रेरित थी। इसे मजदूर और किसान हितों से जोड़ें।
A. भोजन की कमी और महंगाई/Food shortage and price rise
Step 1
Concept
The demand for bread showed everyday hardship. Link it with war and economic crisis.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. भोजन की कमी और महंगाई / Food shortage and price rise. The demand for bread showed everyday hardship. Link it with war and economic crisis.
Step 3
Exam Tip
रोटी की मांग रोजमर्रा की कठिनाई दिखाती थी। इसे युद्ध और आर्थिक संकट से जोड़ें।
A. प्रथम विश्व युद्ध की थकान और हानि/Fatigue and losses of the First World War
Step 1
Concept
The war had exhausted Russia. Therefore the demand for peace became very popular.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. प्रथम विश्व युद्ध की थकान और हानि / Fatigue and losses of the First World War. The war had exhausted Russia. Therefore the demand for peace became very popular.
Step 3
Exam Tip
युद्ध ने रूस को थका दिया था। इसलिए शांति की मांग बहुत लोकप्रिय हुई।
A. बेहतर मजदूरी काम के घंटे और अधिकार/Better wages working hours and rights
Step 1
Concept
Workers wanted better working life. In exams write wages hours and rights together.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. बेहतर मजदूरी काम के घंटे और अधिकार / Better wages working hours and rights. Workers wanted better working life. In exams write wages hours and rights together.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मजदूर बेहतर कामकाजी जीवन चाहते थे। परीक्षा में मजदूरी घंटे और अधिकार साथ लिखें।
A. क्योंकि इसमें मजदूर किसान सैनिक और महिलाएं भी शामिल थे/Because workers peasants soldiers and women were also involved
Step 1
Concept
The Russian Revolution was linked with broad popular discontent. Understand it through participation of many social groups.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि इसमें मजदूर किसान सैनिक और महिलाएं भी शामिल थे / Because workers peasants soldiers and women were also involved. The Russian Revolution was linked with broad popular discontent. Understand it through participation of many social groups.
Step 3
Exam Tip
रूसी क्रांति व्यापक जन असंतोष से जुड़ी थी। इसे समाज के कई वर्गों की भागीदारी से समझें।
A. जारशाही समाप्त हुई और समाजवादी बोल्शेविक सत्ता में आए/Tsardom ended and socialist Bolsheviks came to power
Step 1
Concept
The Russian Revolution ended Tsardom and brought Bolshevik rule. Treat it as the main event of 1917.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. जारशाही समाप्त हुई और समाजवादी बोल्शेविक सत्ता में आए / Tsardom ended and socialist Bolsheviks came to power. The Russian Revolution ended Tsardom and brought Bolshevik rule. Treat it as the main event of 1917.
Step 3
Exam Tip
रूसी क्रांति ने जारशाही का अंत किया और बोल्शेविक शासन लाया। इसे 1917 की मुख्य घटना मानें।
