What causes more rainfall on the windward side of a mountain?
Moist air rises after striking a mountain and cools to give rainfall. This is the effect of relief.
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SubjectsGeography
जलवायु नियंत्रण कारक
In Class 9 Geography, the topic Climatic Controls explains why places experience different temperatures, rainfall, winds and seasons. As part of the chapter Climate, students examine the effects of latitude, altitude, air pressure and wind systems, distance from the sea, ocean currents, and relief features such as mountains. They learn to connect these controls with regional climate patterns and understand why India and other regions show varied climatic conditions.
TOPIC PRACTICE
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Moist air rises after striking a mountain and cools to give rainfall. This is the effect of relief.
View question detailsAfter rainfall on the windward side, less moisture reaches the leeward side. Therefore rainfall is low there.
View question detailsThe Western Ghats lift moist monsoon winds. This causes higher rainfall on the windward side.
View question detailsA warm current can make the nearby coast relatively warmer. The effect of ocean currents is seen in coastal climate.
View question detailsA cold current can cool coastal air and temperature. Link this with the climatic effect of ocean currents.
View question detailsPressure differences create winds and winds carry moisture and temperature. This affects climate.
View question detailsWind from the sea can bring moisture while wind from land may be dry. Remember the source region.
View question detailsWind coming from the sea may contain more water vapour. Therefore it increases humidity and rainfall chances.
View question detailsThe Himalaya protects from cold Central Asian winds and influences the monsoon. It is an important climatic control for India.
View question detailsThe Tropic of Cancer passes through central India. It helps understand latitudinal position and temperature division.
View question detailsIndia extends across many latitudes and the angle of sun rays changes. This explains north-south temperature difference.
View question detailsLadakh is at high altitude and in an inland location. Altitude lowers temperature and location affects climate.
View question detailsMany parts of Rajasthan are far from the sea and under dry influence. This can increase temperature extremes and dryness.
View question detailsChennai is near the sea, so maritime influence moderates temperature. Coastal location is an important control.
View question detailsA place may be at low latitude but cool due to altitude. Therefore understand the combined effect of controls.
View question detailsEven at the same latitude, altitude and maritime influence can change temperature. More than one control works together.
View question detailsRainfall is affected by moist air, wind direction and mountain barriers. Therefore study these factors together.
View question detailsLatitude and altitude are controls while temperature and rainfall are elements. This difference is important for exams.
View question detailsColour of school is not a climatic control. Latitude, altitude and distance from sea are major controls.
View question detailsNear the sea coast, the sea has greater influence on temperature and moisture. Therefore coastal climate is equable.
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