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In Class 12 Business Studies, the topic “Programme” explains a detailed plan designed to achieve a specific objective. Students learn how a programme brings together related policies, procedures, rules, tasks and the sequence in which activities should be performed. They also understand how programmes guide action, allocate time and resources, coordinate efforts, and reduce uncertainty in the planning process. The topic highlights why programmes are more specific and action-oriented than broad plans such as objectives or strategies.
Hard · Level 2 · 25 questions
TOPIC PRACTICE
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Human impact of the programme should also be examined
The programme is definitely fully successful
Employees are always wrong
Cost reduction is the only result
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Important tasks may start late
All tasks will automatically be in order
Expense will become zero
Rules will end
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Reduce customer complaints by thirty percent in one year
Creating complaint portal and training team
Holding feedback camp and review meeting
Preparing complaint response schedule
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Lack of human resource capability
Too much policy
Absence of rule
Only profit estimate
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When an independent review of cost, result, time and compliance is needed
When only one colour is to be chosen
When there is no activity
When keeping records is prohibited
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Monitoring and verification
Slogan creation
Extra leave
Pricing
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Original objective was training but building renovation was added without approval
Training schedule is approved
Budget and trainer are fixed
Feedback form is prepared
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Risk of schedule breakdown
Risk of dividend increase
Risk of rule formation
Risk of procedure ending
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Incomplete evaluation
Complete success measurement
Extra coordination
Rule compliance
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When the objective has become irrelevant and cost is much higher than benefit
When there is a small delay
When feedback is good
When resources are sufficient
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Failure to convert learning into behaviour
Excess budget
Written rule
Clear objective
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Programme to start a new medicine production unit
Placing flowers in office
Printing one poster
Fixing tea time
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Lack of communication plan
Excess budget
Rigidity of rule
Presence of procedure
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When the programme has high budget, multiple agencies and public impact
When only one pencil is to be bought
When there is no responsibility
When the programme is small and personal
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Non-use of information
Too much evaluation
Perfect coordination
Excess resources
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Resistance and rumours may increase
Cost will always fall
Programme will automatically simplify
Policy will end
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Resource conflict
Policy expansion
Rule compliance
Pricing
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Milestones, responsible person, progress report and corrective action
Only slogan
Only guess
Only colour plan
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Confusion in decisions and resource allocation
Programme will always become faster
Cost will be zero
Coordination will automatically occur
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When the training programme aims at skill improvement
When only room booking is to be verified
When there is no learning objective
When only meals are to be counted
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Privacy and compliance risk
Colour matching risk
Canteen risk
Poetry risk
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Testing a new system on a small scale before organisation-wide implementation
Applying an already proven rule daily
Issuing only one receipt
Reading one general notice
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Poor input may increase future defects
Cost saving will always be perfect
Suppliers will automatically improve
Programme evaluation will be unnecessary
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Where approval, purchase, installation and training depend on one another
Where only one poster is to be put up
Where there is no sequence
Where no resource is needed
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It links objective, many related activities, resources, time, responsibility and control
It states only one rupee amount
It gives only one prohibitive order
It tells only the technique of a task
Question 1HardLevel 2
In a cost reduction programme, expenses fell but employee turnover increased. What is the correct analysis?एक cost reduction programme में खर्च घटा लेकिन कर्मचारी turnover बढ़ गया। सही विश्लेषण क्या है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Programme evaluation also checks side effects. In exams, look at people impact along with cost.कार्यक्रम मूल्यांकन में side effects भी देखे जाते हैं। परीक्षा में cost के साथ people impact भी देखें।
If priorities are not set among programme tasks, which problem will be greater?यदि कार्यक्रम के कार्यों में प्राथमिकता तय नहीं है, तो कौन-सी समस्या अधिक होगी?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Priority helps critical activities be done first. In exams, connect priority with scheduling and control.Priority critical activities को पहले करने में मदद करती है। परीक्षा में priority को scheduling और control से जोड़ें।
Which example is only an objective rather than a programme?किस उदाहरण में कार्यक्रम की बजाय केवल उद्देश्य है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
An objective states a desired result, while a programme states activities. In exams, do not treat a result statement as programme.उद्देश्य desired result बताता है, जबकि कार्यक्रम activities बताता है। परीक्षा में result statement को programme न मानें।
If a programme has budget available but no skilled employees, what planning gap exists?यदि कार्यक्रम में budget available है लेकिन skilled employees नहीं हैं, तो कौन-सी planning gap है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Even with sufficient funds, skilled people are necessary. In exams, check both money and manpower in programme resources.धन पर्याप्त होने पर भी skilled people जरूरी हैं। परीक्षा में programme resources में money और manpower दोनों देखें।
In which situation will programme audit be useful?किस स्थिति में programme audit उपयोगी होगा?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Programme audit checks effectiveness and compliance. In exams, connect audit with evaluation and control.Programme audit से effectiveness और compliance की जाँच होती है। परीक्षा में audit को evaluation और control से जोड़ें।
If a programme has legal training but no actual compliance check, what is missing?यदि कार्यक्रम में कानूनी प्रशिक्षण तो है पर actual compliance check नहीं है, तो क्या कमी है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
After training, compliance check shows actual adherence. In exams, include verification in programme control.Training के बाद compliance check से वास्तविक पालन पता चलता है। परीक्षा में programme control में verification शामिल करें।
Which option shows scope creep in a programme?किस विकल्प में कार्यक्रम का scope creep दिखाई देता है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Adding new tasks without approval is scope creep. In exams, remember to keep programme scope controlled.बिना स्वीकृति नए काम जोड़ना scope creep है। परीक्षा में programme scope को controlled रखना याद रखें।
A programme has a key task dependent on supplier delivery but no buffer for delivery delay. What risk exists?एक कार्यक्रम में supplier delivery पर निर्भर मुख्य काम है लेकिन delivery delay का buffer नहीं रखा गया। कौन-सा जोखिम है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
A time buffer helps in external dependency. In exams, check supplier risk in programme schedule.External dependency में time buffer मदद करता है। परीक्षा में programme schedule में supplier risk देखें।
If a programme manager checks only cost control and not achievement of objective, what is the weakness?यदि programme manager केवल खर्च नियंत्रण देखता है और उद्देश्य की प्राप्ति नहीं देखता, तो कौन-सी कमी है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Programme success is measured by objective achievement along with cost. In exams, keep evaluation balanced.कार्यक्रम की सफलता cost के साथ objective achievement से मापी जाती है। परीक्षा में evaluation को balanced रखें।
In which situation may it be better to stop a programme rather than modify it?किस स्थिति में कार्यक्रम को बदलना नहीं बल्कि रोकना बेहतर हो सकता है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Continuing a programme with irrelevant objective can waste resources. In exams, connect programme continuation with relevance.अप्रासंगिक objective पर programme जारी रखना संसाधन waste कर सकता है। परीक्षा में programme continuation को relevance से जोड़ें।
If a training session is held in a programme but the actual work method does not change, what implementation problem exists?यदि कार्यक्रम में training session हुआ लेकिन काम की वास्तविक विधि नहीं बदली, तो कौन-सी implementation problem है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
A training programme is also judged by change in work behaviour. In exams, look beyond output to outcome.Training programme का मूल्य work behaviour change से भी जाँचा जाता है। परीक्षा में output से आगे outcome देखें।
In which programme are sequence and preparation both most important?किस कार्यक्रम में क्रम और पूर्व-तैयारी दोनों सबसे अधिक महत्वपूर्ण हैं?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Medicine production needs correct sequence of compliance, equipment and training. In exams, check detailed sequencing in high-risk programmes.दवा उत्पादन में compliance, equipment और training का सही क्रम जरूरी है। परीक्षा में high-risk programme में detailed sequencing देखें।
If all programme activities are completed but information does not reach the target group, what planning gap exists?यदि कार्यक्रम की सभी गतिविधियाँ पूरी हुईं पर target group तक सूचना नहीं पहुँची, तो कौन-सी planning gap है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Communication with the target audience is necessary in a programme. In exams, treat communication plan as part of execution.Programme में target audience communication जरूरी है। परीक्षा में communication plan को execution का हिस्सा मानें।
In which situation will programme governance be most necessary?किस स्थिति में programme governance सबसे अधिक जरूरी होगी?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Large public-impact programmes need approvals and oversight. In exams, connect governance with complex programmes.बड़े public impact programme में approvals और oversight जरूरी होते हैं। परीक्षा में governance को complex programme से जोड़ें।
If reports are prepared in a programme but decision makers do not read them, what weakness exists?यदि programme में reports बनती हैं लेकिन decision makers उन्हें पढ़ते नहीं, तो कौन-सी कमी है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Reports are useful only when they lead to decisions and corrections. In exams, connect information use with monitoring.Reports तभी useful हैं जब उनसे decisions और corrections हों। परीक्षा में information use को monitoring से जोड़ें।
In a restructuring programme, employees are not informed on time. What is the most likely effect?एक पुनर्गठन कार्यक्रम में कर्मचारियों को समय पर जानकारी नहीं दी गई। सबसे संभावित प्रभाव क्या होगा?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Timely communication reduces resistance in a change programme. In exams, check people communication in restructuring programmes.Change programme में समय पर communication resistance घटाता है। परीक्षा में restructuring programme में people communication देखें।
If the same resource is needed at the same time for two critical activities in a programme, what problem exists?यदि कार्यक्रम में एक ही संसाधन दो critical activities को एक साथ चाहिए, तो कौन-सी समस्या है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Resource conflict can create delay and priority issues. In exams, check resource availability in programme scheduling.Resource conflict delay और priority issues पैदा कर सकता है। परीक्षा में programme scheduling में resource availability जाँचें।
Which option is the strongest mechanism of programme control?किस विकल्प में programme control का सबसे मजबूत mechanism है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Control needs both monitoring and action. In exams, connect programme control with milestones and corrective action.Control के लिए monitoring और action दोनों चाहिए। परीक्षा में programme control को milestones और corrective action से जोड़ें।
If programme objectives are mutually conflicting, what will happen?यदि programme objectives mutually conflicting हैं, तो क्या होगा?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Conflicting objectives weaken programme direction. In exams, objectives must be kept consistent.विरोधी objectives programme direction को कमजोर करते हैं। परीक्षा में objectives को consistent रखना जरूरी है।
In which situation will attendance count alone be insufficient in programme evaluation?किस स्थिति में programme evaluation में केवल attendance count पर्याप्त नहीं होगा?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
The direct answer is Option A: when the training programme aims at skill improvement. Attendance is an input or participation indicator: it tells us who was present. It does not prove that participants understood the content or improved their skill. If the objective is skill improvement, evaluation should also use a practical test, demonstration, work sample, or before-and-after performance comparison. Option A is correct because attendance alone cannot measure the stated outcome. Option B is wrong because attendance may be enough if the only question is whether people attended a booked session. Option C is wrong because without a learning objective there is no skill outcome to assess. Option D is wrong because counting meals is a catering or logistics check, not skill evaluation. Exam cue: output shows activity completed; outcome shows the change produced.सीधा उत्तर विकल्प A है: जब प्रशिक्षण कार्यक्रम का उद्देश्य कौशल में सुधार हो। उपस्थिति एक भागीदारी-सूचक है; वह केवल बताती है कि कौन उपस्थित था। इससे यह सिद्ध नहीं होता कि प्रतिभागियों ने विषय समझा या उनका कौशल बढ़ा। यदि उद्देश्य कौशल सुधारना है, तो मूल्यांकन में व्यावहारिक परीक्षा, प्रदर्शन, कार्य-नमूना या प्रशिक्षण से पहले और बाद के प्रदर्शन की तुलना भी होनी चाहिए। विकल्प A सही है क्योंकि केवल उपस्थिति बताए गए परिणाम को नहीं माप सकती। विकल्प B गलत है, क्योंकि यदि केवल यह जाँचना हो कि लोग बुक किए गए सत्र में आए या नहीं, तो उपस्थिति पर्याप्त हो सकती है। विकल्प C गलत है, क्योंकि सीखने का उद्देश्य ही न हो तो कौशल परिणाम जाँचने का प्रश्न नहीं उठता। विकल्प D गलत है, क्योंकि भोजन गिनना व्यवस्था या लॉजिस्टिक्स की जाँच है, कौशल का मूल्यांकन नहीं। परीक्षा संकेत: output बताता है कि गतिविधि हुई; outcome बताता है कि उससे क्या बदलाव आया।
If data privacy activity is omitted in a programme while customer data will be collected, what risk exists?यदि programme में data privacy activity छोड़ दी गई जबकि ग्राहक डेटा collect होगा, तो क्या जोखिम है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Privacy safeguards are necessary in programmes involving customer data. In exams, always check compliance in data-related programmes.ग्राहक डेटा वाले programme में privacy safeguards जरूरी हैं। परीक्षा में data-related programme में compliance जरूर देखें।
In which situation will a pilot programme be useful?किस स्थिति में pilot programme उपयोगी होगा?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
A pilot programme reduces major risk. In exams, remember pilot approach for new and uncertain systems.Pilot programme बड़े risk को कम करता है। परीक्षा में नई और uncertain system में pilot approach याद रखें।
If the programme objective is cost saving and supplier quality audit is removed, what is the danger?यदि programme का उद्देश्य cost saving है और supplier quality audit हटाया जाता है, तो क्या खतरा है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Removing quality safeguards in cost saving is risky. In exams, see programme impacts in both short and long term.Cost saving में quality safeguards हटाना risky है। परीक्षा में programme impacts को short-term और long-term दोनों से देखें।
Which option most needs a programme dependency map?किस विकल्प में programme dependency map की जरूरत सबसे अधिक है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
A dependency map shows critical sequence and delay risk. In exams, connect interconnected activities with mapping.Dependency map से critical sequence और delay risk दिखता है। परीक्षा में interconnected activities को mapping से जोड़ें।
What is the strongest signal to identify a programme in a hard-level question?कार्यक्रम को hard-level प्रश्न में पहचानने का सबसे मजबूत संकेत क्या है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
A programme is an integrated action plan. In exams, distinguish it from one budget, one rule and one method.कार्यक्रम एक integrated action plan होता है। परीक्षा में one budget, one rule और one method से इसे अलग पहचानें।
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