If net radiation is high at a place during daytime what will generally happen at the surface?
Correct answer: A
Higher net radiation provides more energy to the surface. Link net radiation with surface heating in exams.
Geography
The heat budget of the earth
पृथ्वी का ऊष्मा बजट
Class 11 Geography explores the heat budget of the Earth as the balance between incoming solar radiation and outgoing terrestrial radiation. Students learn how the atmosphere, land, oceans, clouds, and ice reflect, absorb, store, and redistribute heat, and why the Earth’s average temperature remains broadly stable. The topic connects this balance with the greenhouse effect, latitudinal differences in heating, and the movement of heat through the atmosphere and oceans.
TOPIC PRACTICE
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Medium · Level 7
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- Tendency of surface warming will increase
- Surface temperature will always fall
- Solar energy will completely stop
- Reflection will necessarily be hundred percent
Medium · Level 7
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- Loss of longwave terrestrial energy
- Arrival of shortwave solar energy
- Direct absorption of solar energy
- Daytime cloud reflection
Medium · Level 7
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- Reflection of shortwave solar energy
- Counter radiation of longwave energy
- Storage of ground heat
- Stopping of ocean currents
Medium · Level 7
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- Counter radiation of longwave energy
- Complete absence of shortwave energy
- Greater obliqueness of solar rays
- High albedo of snow
Medium · Level 7
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- Atmosphere changes energy through reflection scattering and absorption
- The Sun gives no energy
- Earths surface takes no energy
- Oceans stop all rays
Medium · Level 7
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- Continuous uncontrolled warming or cooling of Earth
- Rotation of Earth
- Flowing of rivers
- Formation of clouds
Medium · Level 7
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- Out of hundred thirty five reflected sixty five absorbed and hundred total returned
- Out of hundred sixty five reflected and thirty five absorbed
- Out of hundred all energy stored at surface
- Out of hundred no energy goes to space
Medium · Level 7
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- Sixty five units
- Thirty five units
- Hundred units
- Fourteen units
Medium · Level 7
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- Because it returns to space before being absorbed by the Earth system
- Because it heats the surface most
- Because it becomes longwave in atmosphere
- Because it becomes salt in ocean
Medium · Level 7
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- Absorbed energy remaining after reflection
- Total reflected energy
- Only lunar energy
- Only sound energy
Medium · Level 7
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- It absorbs terrestrial longwave energy
- It creates solar energy
- It changes Earths axis
- It always makes reflection zero
Medium · Level 7
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- Absorption of longwave terrestrial radiation
- Complete reflection of solar energy from surface
- Height of sea waves
- Formation of soil colour
Medium · Level 7
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- It explains thermal conditions through energy input output and distribution
- It only tells direction of rivers
- It only tells mountain height
- It only corrects language spelling
Medium · Level 7
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- Solar energy arrives some is reflected some is absorbed and Earth returns longwave energy
- First terrestrial energy arrives then the Sun forms
- All energy remains permanently locked in clouds
- Solar energy returns only as sound
Medium · Level 7
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- The surface absorbs it and re-emits longwave heat
- The Sun immediately cools down
- Radiation directly turns into water
- Air turns it into rock
Medium · Level 7
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- Incoming energy absorbed by Earth and energy leaving for space are unequal
- Incoming solar energy and reflected solar energy are equal
- Heat being transferred in the atmosphere only by convection
- All parts of Earth being at the same temperature
On a clear night which process becomes more important in the heat budget?
Correct answer: A
On a clear night clouds are fewer and longwave energy escapes easily. Link clear nights with radiational cooling in exams.
Which cloud effect in the heat budget can cool the surface during daytime?
Correct answer: A
During day clouds send part of solar energy back to space. Remember daytime cloud effect as reflection in exams.
Which cloud effect in the heat budget can keep the surface relatively warmer at night?
Correct answer: A
Clouds can send part of terrestrial radiation back toward the surface. Link nighttime cloud effect with counter radiation in exams.
Why is actual surface energy different from the solar constant in the heat budget?
Correct answer: A
Solar energy is affected by atmospheric processes before reaching the surface. Treat surface energy as modified solar energy in exams.
Absorbed energy being balanced by outgoing energy in the heat budget prevents what?
Correct answer: A
Long term balance keeps Earths average temperature stable. Link heat budget with temperature stability in exams.
Which statement gives the correct medium level numerical summary of the heat budget?
Correct answer: A
In the common model thirty five reflection and sixty five absorption are balanced by total hundred units returned. Remember the three numbers together.
If total absorbed energy is sixty five units how much energy should leave as heat from the Earth system to keep balance?
Correct answer: A
Absorbed sixty five units are balanced by sixty five units of heat output over long time. Keep absorption and heat output equal in exams.
Why is thirty five units of reflection included in long term heat balance?
Correct answer: A
Reflected energy does not heat Earth so it is counted in total outgoing. Treat reflected and emitted energy as outgoing components.
Which is the actual energy gain part of the Earth system in heat budget?
Correct answer: A
Energy that is not reflected and is absorbed is the real energy gain of the Earth system. Link energy gain with absorption in exams.
Why is water vapour considered an important greenhouse component in the heat budget?
Correct answer: A
Water vapour traps longwave energy and takes part in re radiation. Treat water vapour as a heat trapping gas in exams.
The role of carbon dioxide in the heat budget is most related to what?
Correct answer: A
Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that can absorb terrestrial energy. Understand it as a longwave absorber in exams.
How does studying the heat budget help connect weather and climate?
Correct answer: A
Temperature and climate are deeply linked with energy balance. Treat heat budget as a basic climate concept in exams.
Which option correctly states the complete sequence of the heat budget?
Correct answer: A
Heat budget is the full chain of incoming reflection absorption and outgoing energy. Write answers in this sequence in exams.
How does solar radiation change into heat after reaching Earth?
Correct answer: A
Most incoming solar energy reaches Earth as relatively shortwave radiation. Land and water absorb part of it, increasing their internal energy and temperature. The warmed surface then emits energy as longer-wave infrared radiation. Greenhouse gases can absorb some of this outgoing radiation and re-emit it.
What does imbalance in thermal balance mean?
Correct answer: A
Thermal or radiative balance exists when the Earth–atmosphere system absorbs approximately as much energy as it sends back to space. An imbalance occurs when incoming absorbed energy and outgoing energy are unequal. A positive imbalance stores heat and raises temperature, while a negative imbalance causes cooling. Option B describes balance, not imbalance.
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