Muft Shiksha™ एक 100% Free Education Portal है 🇮🇳, जिसका उद्देश्य Class 9–12 के हर विद्यार्थी तक High-Quality Education को पूरी तरह मुफ्त पहुँचाना है। 🇮🇳 हम मानते हैं कि अच्छी शिक्षा किसी student की आर्थिक स्थिति पर निर्भर नहीं होनी चाहिए। 🇮🇳 हर विद्यार्थी को वही Quality Study Material, MCQs, Quizzes, Exam Preparation, Concept-Based Learning और Bilingual Support मिलना चाहिए, जो आमतौर पर महंगी Coaching या Premium Platforms में मिलता है। Muft Shiksha™ 🇮🇳 इसी सोच के साथ बनाया गया है
SubjectsGeography
पृथ्वी का ऊष्मा बजट
Class 11 Geography explores the heat budget of the Earth as the balance between incoming solar radiation and outgoing terrestrial radiation. Students learn how the atmosphere, land, oceans, clouds, and ice reflect, absorb, store, and redistribute heat, and why the Earth’s average temperature remains broadly stable. The topic connects this balance with the greenhouse effect, latitudinal differences in heating, and the movement of heat through the atmosphere and oceans.
Correct answer: A. Terrestrial radiation
Explanation: Earths surface continuously emits longwave heat. In exams understand terrestrial radiation as a continuous process.
Correct answer: A. Because energy input and output remain nearly equal
Explanation: Over the long term Earth loses nearly as much energy as it receives. In exams remember long term balance.
Correct answer: A. Received energy is more than lost energy
Explanation: The direct answer is A: received energy is greater than lost energy. An energy surplus means that, during the period being considered, energy entering a system exceeds energy leaving it. Step by step: compare incoming energy with outgoing energy; if incoming energy is larger, the difference is a surplus; the system stores extra energy or becomes warmer until balance is approached. Option A is correct because it gives this exact comparison. Option B describes an energy deficit, when losses exceed gains, and it usually produces cooling or loss of stored energy. Option C is wrong because an energy surplus does not mean that energy is absent; it means there is more gain than loss. Option D is wrong because surplus is not limited to sound energy; it can involve radiation, heat and other forms. In Earth’s heat budget, a region with more incoming than outgoing energy tends to warm, while a deficit tends to cool. Memory cue: surplus = income greater than expenditure.
Correct answer: A. Lost energy is greater than received energy
Explanation: An energy deficit occurs when a place or part of the Earth loses more energy than it receives. This reduces heat and creates a tendency for temperature to fall or for cooling. Option B represents an energy surplus, while option C represents energy balance. Exam tip: Remember that a deficit means outgoing or lost energy is greater than incoming energy.
Correct answer: A. Sun rays fall more directly there
Explanation: Equatorial areas receive more solar energy so surplus can occur. In exams link low latitudes with higher incoming energy.
Correct answer: A. Sun rays fall more obliquely there
Explanation: High latitudes receive less solar energy per area. In exams link polar areas with lower incoming energy.
Correct answer: A. Difference in angle of solar rays
Explanation: Energy distribution changes because the angle of sun rays changes. In exams link latitudinal budget with solar angle.
Correct answer: A. It helps reduce energy surplus and deficit
Explanation: Atmosphere and oceans move heat from one place to another. In exams see heat transfer as a balancing process.
Correct answer: A. They transfer heat between regions
Explanation: Winds and currents can carry heat from warmer to colder regions. In exams treat them as heat distributors.
Correct answer: A. Heat transfer and outgoing radiation occur
Explanation: Extra heat is removed by atmosphere oceans and radiation. In exams link energy surplus with transfer.
Correct answer: A. Heat is transferred from other regions
Explanation: Heat moves from low latitudes toward poles through atmosphere and oceans. In exams remember global heat transfer.
Correct answer: A. They transfer heat
Explanation: Ocean currents carry warm and cold water to different regions. In exams link currents with heat transport.
Correct answer: A. They move warm and cold air
Explanation: Winds carry heat from one region to another. In exams consider wind a medium of heat distribution.
Correct answer: A. Heat budget explains the thermal basis of climate
Explanation: Energy balance is a basis for understanding temperature and climate. In exams link heat budget with climate study.
Correct answer: A. It may decrease
Explanation: More clouds can reflect or absorb a larger part of solar energy. In exams treat daytime clouds as reducing incoming energy.
Correct answer: A. They send back some terrestrial radiation
Explanation: At night the ground loses energy by emitting terrestrial radiation, mainly in the form of longwave infrared radiation. Clouds contain water droplets and ice particles that absorb some of this outgoing radiation. They then emit radiation in different directions, including back toward the surface. This downward counter-radiation reduces the net loss of heat from the ground, so the surface and lower air usually cool less on a cloudy night than on a clear night.
Therefore option A is correct: clouds send back part of the terrestrial radiation. They do not produce sunlight, stop the Earth, or dry the oceans. The warming effect is relative, not an addition of solar heat; clouds generally reduce night-time radiational cooling by acting as a partial insulating layer.
Correct answer: A. Due to reflection scattering and absorption
Explanation: Atmosphere and clouds can change solar energy before it reaches the surface. In exams remember these three processes together.
Correct answer: A. Radiating absorbed energy again
Explanation: The atmosphere can radiate absorbed longwave energy again. In exams link re radiation with greenhouse effect.
Correct answer: A. Both exchange energy
Explanation: The surface emits energy and the atmosphere absorbs and re radiates part of it. In exams understand it as a connected system.
Correct answer: A. Because daily and local changes can differ
Explanation: Heat budget shows global and long term energy balance. In exams keep weather and climate scale separate.
Correct answer: A. It shows not only incoming energy but also outgoing energy
Explanation: The direct answer is A: Earth’s heat budget shows both incoming and outgoing energy. A heat budget is an accounting of energy received from the Sun, energy reflected by clouds, atmosphere and surfaces, and heat later emitted by Earth as long-wave radiation. Reasoning: solar energy enters the Earth system; some is reflected; some is absorbed by the atmosphere, land and oceans; Earth releases energy back to space; comparing gains and losses explains temperature balance. Option A is correct because it includes both sides. Option B is wrong because tree numbers belong to vegetation or ecology, not the definition of heat budget. Option C is wrong because river length is a geographic measurement, not an energy account. Option D is wrong because mountain height is topography, not heat accounting. Exam cue: budget always means income and expenditure; heat budget means energy in and energy out.
Correct answer: A. How Earth gains and loses energy
Explanation: Heat budget explains Earths energy gain and energy loss processes. In exams study it as Earths energy account.
Correct answer: A. It may be lower
Explanation: With more reflection the surface absorbs less energy. In exams link high albedo with lower heating.
Correct answer: A. It may be higher
Explanation: More absorption stores more energy in the surface and temperature can rise. In exams link absorption with heating.
Correct answer: A. Sun gives energy and Earth radiates energy
Explanation: Incoming energy comes from the Sun and Earth sends out longwave energy. In exams remember directions of incoming and outgoing energy.
