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The sum of two numbers is (23) and their difference is (7). By substitution, what is the greater number?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (15)

The direct answer is option B, 15. Let the greater number be x and the smaller number be y. The given facts are x+y=23 and x-y=7. From x+y=23, x=23-y. Substitute this in the second equation: 23-y-y=7, so 23-2y=7, hence 2y=16 and y=8. Therefore x=23-8=15. Option A, 14, has sum 22 with 8, not 23. Option B, 15, gives sum 15+8=23 and difference 15-8=7, so it is correct. Option C, 16, would give the paired number 7 if the sum were 23, but the difference would be 9, not 7. Option D, 17, would give the paired number 6 and difference 11. Memory cue: for sum S and difference D, the greater number is (S+D)/2; here (23+7)/2=15. The supplied answer and explanation are correct.

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Word-ProblemNumbersSubstitution

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